Outcomes of An Early Intervention Programme on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (original) (raw)
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Research Square (Research Square), 2023
Autism Spectrum Disorders is a group of neuro-developmental disorders affecting one in every 100 children worldwide. The cornerstone of ASD management is based on early intervention programs targeted to improve communication, socialization, and behavior skills. This study, conducted at the child development center of a tertiary care hospital in Chattogram city of Bangladesh, aimed to determine the effect of age and other demographic variables on the outcome of early intervention therapy on the improvement of skills of children with ASD. Participants included two groups of children (75 per group) with ASD having different ages-below three years and three to ve years. The diagnosis was con rmed using different tools like neurodevelopment assessment form, Bayley scales, M Chat, ICD 10 criteria, and how and why. The intervention was provided on a 1:1 basis and given six subsequent sessions every two months throughout the one-year study period. Statistically signi cant improvements were observed in different skills in the young age children than in the older group. Almost half of the children (49.3%) from the old age group remained in own agenda stage. On the other hand, all children of young age have signi cantly improved in early communicator (46.7%), the requester (41.3%), and partner (12%) stages. Moreover, the monthly family income of children posed a signi cant effect on the outcome of the intervention therapy. The study suggests the initiation of early intervention therapy before age three to get a signi cant improvement in communication skills of children.
. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 2021
The purpose of this study is to develop an early intervention guideline for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children in Jordan. The objectives of this early intervention guideline are to improve the social skills of children with autism spectrum disorder and to train parents on the most important methods used in training their ASD children in communication. This study is a quantitative study which employs quasi-experimental design. The sample will be divided into one control group and one experimental group. The researchers will use the questionnaire as a tool to measure the families’ needs and identify children’s deficiency in social behaviour and communication skills. This study consists of three stages. During the first stage, the questionnaires in Google form will be distributed to mothers of ASD children by random sampling. The data will be analyzed and the elements in the questionnaire will be validated. During the second stage, guidelines for the experimental group will be provided. During the third stage, the researcher will analyze the results and determine the effectiveness of early intervention guideline. The implication of this study is this early intervention guideline can be practiced among the families of ASD children in order to improve the social skills of their children.
Exploring clinical features of children with autism in Bogura city of Bangladesh
The Dhaka University journal of biological sciences, 2024
Autism is marked by a dense shortage of social, language, and cognitive abilities. To become aware and start earlier treatment, these criteria needed to be known from their cultural context, helpful for the betterment of children with autism and their caregivers. The study aimed to explore the severity of six clinical features (e.g., socio-emotional, language, behavioral, affective, cognitive, and physical symptoms) of Bangladeshi children with autism according to the DSM-V. Thirty six parents (55.56% mother and mean age = 33.75 years) of autistic children participated as respondents. Required data were collected using a personal information form and the Bangla version of the Clinical Features of Autistic Children Questionnaire. Data were analyzed through frequency, percentage, and correlation. The results showed that the severity of social and physical developmental symptoms was comparatively lower, while language, behavioral, affective, and cognitive developmental symptoms were comparatively higher among children with autism. In addition, no significant correlation was found among socio-emotional, language, behavioral, affective, cognitive, and physical symptoms in terms of parents' educational qualifications and family income of children with autism. The study recommends that the concerned authorities should immediately focus on the more severe clinical features and affecting factors for the betterment of both children with autism and their caregivers.
The Role of the Family in Socializing the Autistic Children: A Study in Bangladesh
International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 2015
Autism Spectrum Disorders are increasingly known in developing countries like Bangladesh. The children with autism exhibit significant deficits in social communication, including delayed language development and imitation skills. This disorder is different from other disorders and its characteristics and functions are also different. Families having children with autism spectrum disorder play important role in their socialization and face many challenges as the disorder is associated with disruptive antisocial behavior. The main objective of this research is to know the role of family in socializing autistic children. This research was conducted though survey method by using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data of this study was collected from 78 parents having children with autism spectrum disorder. In our country autism newly introduced and research on autism especially role of the family of the autistic children in socialization are very few. So, this study discusses the rol...
Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2018
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a collection of conditions characterized by stereo typed behaviors and narrow interests and pervasive problems with communication and social interactions. Globally, researchers are working on identifying the root cause and management of ASD. Although research on autism is at nascent stage in Bangladesh but in terms of social epidemicity, it is currently an utmost important issue. The aim of the study is to analyze the effect of age, sex, birth weight, mother’s pregnancy duration, pregnancy time complicacy and genetic linkage on autism. The study also related, the socio-economic status of the autistic children and satisfaction of parent on government response in this issue. The study was conducted on 50 patients in 2 Autistic Schools (Bangladesh Protibondhi Foundation and Autistic Children Welfare Foundation, Bangladesh) of the Dhaka City from June 2010 to December 2010. Study related data were collected through a predesigned questionnaire In our ...
Effect of Early Intervention in Autism: A Case Study
Introduction: Autism is a group of developmental disorders known as Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD). Pervasive developmental disorder is defined by the presence of abnormal and impaired development characterized as abnormal functioning in all three areas of social interaction, communication, restricted and repetitive behaviour, that manifests before the age of 3years. Autistic disorder is believed to occur at the rate of about 8 cases per 10000 children, with 4:1 ratio of males to females. An intensive early intervention is critical in maximizing outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and evidence suggests that the earlier the intervention, the better the outcome.
This study explores the scenario of teaching strategy and its effectiveness on students with Autism. The study finds that teaching strategy is not effective. Teaching strategy depends on teacher's education background, knowledge about special children, teacher's interest and willpower. But maximum teachers have inadequate knowledge about special education. In our country this section was disregarded but there has been some structural development over the years. However, still there is no good quality education, training system and sufficient budget. The senior teachers have more experience, so they are only good at this sector. As our social environment and transport are not suitable for them. So children and family members are victims of bulling. For this reason many parents don't come regularly to school. As a result distance is created between teacher and student. So, teachers should give motivation and mental support. Parents' consciousness, teaching performance, proper guideline & social skill therapy can develop their socialization skill. Developing the socialization skill depends on the level of Autism. The children with Mild Autism can develop very quickly. Early intervention plays a great role for developing socialization skill of Autism. Regular class, social skill therapy, making friends, parents' support and proper direction are needed to improve socialization skill for these children with Autism.
A Study on Autism in Bangladesh: Current Scenario and Future Prospects and Challenges
Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences, 2020
Original Research Article Background: Addressing the inclusion of persons with autism is an integral part of government-implemented strategies for sustainable development. Inclusion is predicted on principles of universal human rights on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and upheld by the social and human rights models of disability. Objective: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the current scenario and visualize the future prospects and challenges of autism in Bangladesh. Method: This was a cross sectional study to identify the prevalence of autism, the situation of autism, association of factors with autism, and prevalence in different local (urban, rural, community/hospital based) and demographic contexts (age, sex) throughout Bangladesh. For this study data were taken from children aged 2 to 9 years. Results: Persons with disabilities are more likely to live in poverty due to the adverse economic impacts of disability. Affordable community-based services allow for persons with disabilities to remain with their family and local community and participate fully in community life. All efforts should ensure local community-based supports to ensure community independence. National, regional and local initiatives should be coordinated to ensure facilities and employment for persons with disabilities. Implementation of effective monitoring and evaluation plans, which include consumer feedback loops, are key to ensuring accountable and successful interventions. The situation assessment covers the following areas: a review of the scale and prevalence of autism with trends of the disorder in the recent past in Bangladesh; estimation of likely disease burden in the near future; assessment of the social response to autism in Bangladesh; recommendations for monitoring, supervision and reporting mechanisms for autism services at the national level. Conclusion: The knowledge about the general condition of disabled children is shamefully inadequate. Autism data is scarcer, further compounded by the complexity of layperson identifying the disorder. But investigators have summarized key strategic recommendations for consideration.
Disability, CBR and Inclusive Development, 2017
Purpose: To analyse clinical outcomes in terms of functional changes in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), before and after receiving a multidisciplinary developmental intervention programme. Methods: Structured goal-oriented multidisciplinary intervention, individualised to each child, was implemented through 5 child development centres in Mumbai, India, in 2014-2015. Secondary data analysis of 38 children diagnosed with ASD, in the age group of 2.1-6.1 years, was conducted. All children received occupational therapy and speech therapy, and parental counselling was also done. The average number of intervention sessions were 48-72 for occupational therapy (twice or thrice a week), 24-48 for speech therapy (once or twice a week) and 5-6 for parental counselling (once a month). Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) were used for assessment, before and after intervention. Results: Mean positive difference in CARS total scores through paired t-test was 4.18 (p < 0.0001). Significant positive changes in functional ability were observed in most of the sub-scales (relating to people; object use; visual response; verbal and non-verbal communication; taste, smell and touch response and use; level and consistency of intellectual response and general impression). Paired t-test also showed significant positive changes on all VSMS sub-scales, except Socialisation.