Requirements for Supporting Diagnostic Equipment of Respiration Process in Humans (original) (raw)
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Respiration Rate Measurement: A Different Approach
2018
This paper presents a methodology of monitoring respiration rate by measuring change in exhale and inhale temperature. Various techniques are there for monitoring respiration rate e.g. by counting how many times chest rises and falls in one minute, using microphone which is placed either close to the respiratory airways or over the throat to observe the variation of sound, using Photoplethysmography. This project determine cost effective method for respiration rate measurement using NTC type Thermistor, amplifier circuit, Arduino (due) with result display on Arduino IDE. Measurement of respiration rate by measuring change in temperature from Thermistor which placed in patients breathing mask. Designed project consist of different hardware components and software for monitoring respiration rate with relative accuracy.
Respiration Detection Tools in Human Based Arduino Uno
BEST : Journal of Applied Electrical, Science, & Technology, 2020
The vital capacity value of the lungs is very influential with the health of the human lungs because with the results the value of the vital capacity of the human lung can be diagnosed as normal or abnormal of the lungs. This study aims to make a means of detecting respiration gas flow rates in humans using an arduino uno-based YF-S201 flow sensor. From the results of data analysis of respiratory gas flow in adult male breathing with ages (20 years - 30 years), (30 years - 35 years), (35 years - 45 years) and (45 years - 50 years) as many as 15 users. there is an error of 3.86%, the value is generated from comparing the output of the equipment made by researchers with other tools of the brand Spirolab with as many as 15 users of different height and age. From 15 different users there are 2 users with abnormal lung conditions and 13 other users with normal lung conditions. The result of this error occurred because of the 15 users who were less relaxed when exhaling and breathing.
Respiration rate monitoring methods: a review
Pediatric pulmonology, 2011
Respiration rate is an important indicator of a person's health, and thus it is monitored when performing clinical evaluations. There are different approaches for respiration monitoring, but generally they can be classed as contact or noncontact. For contact methods, the sensing device (or part of the instrument containing it) is attached to the subject's body. For noncontact approaches the monitoring is performed by an instrument that does not make any contact with the subject. In this article a review of respiration monitoring approaches (both contact and noncontact) is provided. Concerns related to the patient's recording comfort, recording hygiene, and the accuracy of respiration rate monitoring have resulted in the development of a number of noncontact respiration monitoring approaches. A description of thermal imaging based and vision based noncontact respiration monitoring approaches we are currently developing is provided.
Advancements in Methods and Camera-Based Sensors for the Quantification of Respiration
Sensors
Assessment of respiratory function allows early detection of potential disorders in the respiratory system and provides useful information for medical management. There is a wide range of applications for breathing assessment, from measurement systems in a clinical environment to applications involving athletes. Many studies on pulmonary function testing systems and breath monitoring have been conducted over the past few decades, and their results have the potential to broadly impact clinical practice. However, most of these works require physical contact with the patient to produce accurate and reliable measures of the respiratory function. There is still a significant shortcoming of non-contact measuring systems in their ability to fit into the clinical environment. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the current advances and systems in respiratory function assessment, particularly camera-based systems. A classification of the applicable research works is presented...
Validation of an ECG-derived respiration monitoring method
Computers in Cardiology, 2003, 2003
The method proposed here includes automatic optimal lead(s) selection from multiple lead systems, calculates the EDR-values from QRS-area variations and obtains a respiratory waveform through interpolation. The respiratory frequency and the presence of apnea were calculated in the time-domain, identifying the respiratory cycles on the waveform through a min-max detection method.
Real time human respiration carbon dioxide measurement device for cardiorespiratory assessment
Journal of Breath Research
Development of a human respiration carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement device remains a demanding research to evaluate the cardio-respiratory status of human beings since last decades in and out of hospital. Hence, we report a real time, user operable CO2 measurement device using infrared CO2 sensor, Arduino Mega2560, and thin film transistor (TFT, 3.5"), incorporated with low pass (cut-off frequency,10Hz) and moving average (span,8) filters. The proposed device measures features such as partial end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2), respiratory rate (RR), inspired carbon dioxide (ICO2) and newly proposed feature, Hjorth Activity that annotated with a date and time received from real-time clock and stores into the secure digital (SD) card. Further, it was tested on 22 healthy subjects and performance (reliability, validity and relationship) of each feature was established using, (1) intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), (2) standard error measurement (SEM), (3) smallest detectable difference (SDD), (4) Bland and Altman plot and (5) Pearson's correlation (r). The SEM, SDD, and ICC values for interand intra-rater reliability were less than 5% and more than 0.8, respectively. Besides, Bland and Altman plot shows that mean differences + standard deviations for set limit were 0.30 + 0.77 mm Hg,-0.34 + 1.41 mm Hg and 0.21 + 0.64 breath per minute (bpm) for CO2, EtCO2 and RR. Findings revealed that developed device is highly reliable and valid measure for CO2, EtCO2, ICO2 and RR and can be used in clinical settings for cardiorespiratory assessment. This research also demonstrates that EtCO2 and RR (r,-0.696) is negatively correlated while EtCO2 and activity (r, 0.846) is positively correlated. Thus simultaneous measurement of these features may possibly assist physicians in understanding the subject's cardiopulmonary status. In future, the proposed device will be tested with asthmatic patient in order to use as an early screening tool outside of hospital.
2018
The first symptom of different physiological, mechanical, or psychological dysfunctions are disordered breathing pattern. Therefore, are al-time monitoring of the respiration patterns, as well as respiration rate is a critical need in medical applications. Several patient monitors are available in the market for measuring the vital signs, such as body temperature, blood pressure, and sugar level. This paper concentrates a selective section of patient monitoring on respiration care. It discuss about the construction of a capaciflector which is used as a respiration sensor and describe how this sensor can be interfaced to a microcontroller. The respiration rate measurement is displayed on LCD.
Sensing Systems for Respiration Monitoring: A Technical Systematic Review
Sensors
Respiratory monitoring is essential in sleep studies, sport training, patient monitoring, or health at work, among other applications. This paper presents a comprehensive systematic review of respiration sensing systems. After several systematic searches in scientific repositories, the 198 most relevant papers in this field were analyzed in detail. Different items were examined: sensing technique and sensor, respiration parameter, sensor location and size, general system setup, communication protocol, processing station, energy autonomy and power consumption, sensor validation, processing algorithm, performance evaluation, and analysis software. As a result, several trends and the remaining research challenges of respiration sensors were identified. Long-term evaluations and usability tests should be performed. Researchers designed custom experiments to validate the sensing systems, making it difficult to compare results. Therefore, another challenge is to have a common validation f...
Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine, 2018
Assessment of asthma outside of the hospital using a patient independent device is highly in demand due to the limitation of existing devices, which are manual and unreliable if patients are not cooperative. The study aims to verify the use of newly developed human respiration, carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement device for the management of asthma outside of the hospital. The data were collected from 60 subjects; aged between 18-35 years via convenience sampling method reported in UTM Health Center using the device. Furthermore, the data were normalized and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and area (Az) under receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Findings revealed that the normalized mean values of end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2), Hjorth activity (HA), and respiratory rate (RR) were lower in asthmatic compared with healthy subjects with minimum deviation from the mean. In addition, each parameter was found to differ statistically significant for asthma and non-...
A REVIEW ON DIFFERENT TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF RESPIRATORY RATE MONITORS
Respiratory Rate (RR) is a very important physiological parameter to be monitored in both healthy and critical condition, as it gives meaningful information regarding their respiratory system performance as well as condition. Respiratory rate is an important vital sign that can indicate progression of illness but to also predict rapid decline in health. For the purpose, non-invasive monitoring systems are becoming more popular due to the self-evident increase in patient comfort. It can be hard to predict respiratory failure as it can lead to life threatening condition within a short span of time. Thus it necessitates continuous monitoring of respiratory activity and suitable monitoring equipment are developed which could be life-saving. The survey incorporates non-obtrusive strategies and gadgets used to give data about respiratory rate. Many types of respiratory rate monitors have been used for the measurement of the Respiration Rate. This review consists of seven types of Respiration Rate monitors with different sensors. Respiration Rate monitor using Ultrasonic Sensor and Respiration Rate monitor using facial tracking method are the non-contact respiration rate monitoring system. Respiration Rate measurement based on Impedance Pneumography and Respiration Rate measurement are based on the Thoracic Expansion measurement include the sensor that are placed on the thorax. Respiration Rate monitor with MEMS based Capacitive Pressure Sensor, Respiration Rate monitor with temperature sensor, Respiration Rate meter–a low–cost design approach uses sensors that are mounted within the oxygen mask. Thus the Respiratory Rate Monitors discussed in this paper provide optimal result to detect changes in the severity of chronic illnesses.