Protection of Polish critical infrastructure (CI) against air threats (original) (raw)
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Due to the technological development of unmanned platforms and other areas in which they can be used, they should also be viewed as a potential threat to systems and their functionally related objects, including buildings, devices, installations, services essential for the security of the state and its citizens and to ensure the efficient functioning of public administration, as well as institutions and entrepreneurs, in short, the critical infrastructure (IK)1 . We focus in the report on the unmanned aerial vehicles, because the vast majority of the critical infrastructure is onshore and they can relatively easily overcome the commonly used ground-based physical protection systems, and in relation to unmanned surface and submarine platforms as well as unmanned land platforms, they are more universal. Thus, they currently pose a potentially greater threat to the state’s critical infrastructure.
2018
This paper explores the directions for the application of unmanned aerial vehicles in the provision of security to vital elements of a country’s critical infrastructure. The analysis focuses on two paths of development: the first one refers to the transportation system, the latter is related to the gas supply network – the basic components of a country’s critical infrastructure. The first section of this paper will examine the current state of knowledge in the field, and is designed as a reference of terminology pertaining to unmanned aerial vehicles (definitions and classification). The section shall furthermore provide a basis for and a contribution to the developed conceptual-semantic framework for UAV research. The first direction of development is described in terms of the characteristics and assumptions of the system; this includes an overview of the specific requirements of the unmanned platform itself, as well as the elements of the system, such as a local monitoring centre and other components. Furthermore, this section provides the overview of the designated mobile application, whose development is expected to improve the efficiency of system operation, which is a conceptual novelty considering similar developments. The second direction concerns the development of an unmanned system of production, storage, and use of chemical and radioactive substances, including pipelines for hazardous substances. The programme that fits perfectly in the framework of the second considered branch of development is “Cricket” [Polish: “Świerszcz”] – a programme implemented in the periodic inspection of gas supply infrastructure. The description of the programme in question included specifying the technical and operational requirements for the fight devices as well as for the equipment.
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nor any of its authors guarantees the accuracy or completeness of the information published herein and neither any of the above mentioned parties nor its authors shall be responsible for any errors, omissions, or damages arising out of use of this information. This work examines inter alia technical, legal and ethical dimensions of behavior regarding cybersecurity and Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). It is not intended to turn counter terrorism, information technology, engineers or forensics investigator professionals or drone operator / pilots into lawyers. Many of the topics discussed will be concerned with the law and legal implications of certain behaviors. Every effort is made to provide accurate and complete information. However, at no time will legal advice be offered. This work is published with the understanding that the authors are supplying information but are not attempting to render professional services. Any reader requiring legal advice, should seek services of a lawyer authorized to practice in the appropriate jurisdiction. All scenarios discussed in this work are hypothetical in nature and not to be taken or construed to be actual occurrences. The authors, publishers and associated institutions specifically represent that all reasonable steps have been taken to assure all information contained herein is from the public domain and to the greatest extent possible no information of a confidential or classified nature is set forth herein. Additionally, this misuse, re-engineering, retransmission or republication of any content, information or concept contained herein shall not be permitted unless express written permission is granted by the authors, publishers and associated institutions. Additionally, any use of the aforesaid information by any party or intentionally disseminated to any third party or parties for any illegal or improper purpose is expressly forbidden.
Drones as a Permanent and Present Danger
2020
Reason(s) for writing and research problem(s): The lack of research on drone attacks in the West Balkans, but also within the European Union, has influenced our decision to conduct case study analysis of drone incidents occurring in the world, but also in our surrounding, in order to think how to prevent those in our own "backyard". Aims of the paper (scientific and/or social): This article intends to present significant security and operational information on drone attacks from cases detected in various surroundings. Methodology/Design: Methodology used in the paper includes case studies of drone attacks in certain countries, in order to evaluate these incidents from security and operational aspects. Research/paper limitations: Limitations refer to possible unregistered activities in the form of new modus operandi of perpetrators involving drone attacks. Results/Findings: The findings presented in this paper show a cross-section of attack vectors and modus operandi used by perpetrators, as well as vulnerabilities found at targeted institutions and objects. Those findings are to be considered for future prevention of perpetrators activities. General conclusion: There is a real need to improve and modernize general security measures related to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. This article points to such necessity at several different levels and aspects through the analysis of attack vectors, modus operandi, and the weaknesses of the attacked targets. Research/paper validity: Findings presented in this article can be used to direct future research in this field, in order to strengthen and develop various measures to combat existing and persistent threats posed by drones.
Selected Security Aspects of the Use of UAVS In Airspace
Security Forum , 2017
The widespread use of civilian unmanned aerial ve hicles (UAVs) has created a new threat for air traffic. This is why there is a requirement to initiate research in that domain as UAVs have already were seen flying too close to manned aircraft, including commercial and military flights. It was notified in airspace of many coun tries. Such incidents have occurred in many countries causing a need to conduct a multi-vector analysis of the matter. The issue is facilitated by very easy access to drones, lack of law regulations, and people's lack of understanding of the threat. Unidentified drones have already landed within area of nuclear power stations, military units and even highly secured interior of the White House. So, the challenge is rather significant. It could lead to undermining the security of air traffic, but at the same time to terrorists' attacks, the violation of privacy, and sabotage, including acts against critical infrastructure. It is necessary to study the issue and the paper could be a contribution to enhancing the un derstanding of the challenge and facilitator of further research. KEY WORDS Unmanned aerial vehicle, drone, air traffic security, avi ation security threats, aviation law. D O I: 10.26410/S F 1/17/9 K R ZY S ZTO F ZAŁĘSKI kzaleski@ w sb.e du.p l T h e U niversity of D ąb row a G ó rn icza PROF. Z D Z IS Ł A W ŚLIWA zd zislaw .sliw a@ b altd efco l.o rg D o ln o śląska Szko ła W yższa, W rocław (U niversity of Lower Silesia) 1 O p in io n s expressed in the paper are the au th o rs' position not reflecting the official position of respective a ca d e m ic institutions.