Endometrial hyperplasia in Indian perimenopausal women: A retrospective analysis (original) (raw)
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Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
Background: Endometrial thickness (ET) measurement was an alternative method for predicting abnormal endometrial pathology in postmenopausal bleeding. Cutoff value of ET measurement could not be use in perimenopausal bleeding. Objective: Aim of this study was to investigate appropriate ET cutoff value for perimenopause women with abnormal uterine bleeding (PEMB) and abnormal endometrial histopathology. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study. PEMB at Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital between July 2018 and June 2022 were recruited. Subjects who met inclusion criteria underwent ET measurement and endometrial biopsy via endometrial aspirator. Participants who had histopathology report of endometrial hyperplasia and more were classified as the study group. The Control group were subjects with no endometrial hyperplasia or cancer. Demographic and clinical character data were included. Correlation of ET and endometrial histopathology were calculated for statistical significance. Results: A total of 304 cases were included. After exclusion, 254 subjects were recruited for this study. There were 22 and 232 cases in the study and control groups, respectively. The mean age and body mass index (BMI) of participants were 44.7 years old and 27.5 kg/m 2 , respectively. Prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in perimenopausal uterine bleeding were 7.5 (19/254) and 1.2 (3/254) percent, respectively. Endometrial thickness equal to and more than 8 mm was associated with abnormal endometrial histopathology with statistical significance. Age, BMI, nulliparity, anovulatory bleeding history, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus and anovulation state of both groups were comparable. Conclusions: Endometrial thickness equal or more than 8 mm were significantly associated with endometrial hyperplasia or more among perimenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding.
Obstetrics and Gynecology International, 2022
Purpose. We aim to determine the predictive value of endometrial thickness by transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) in diagnosing endometrial pathology and to evaluate whether Doppler complements its diagnostic efficacy in perimenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Methods. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 70 perimenopausal women with AUB who underwent TVS measurement of endometrial thickness (ET) and Doppler flow indices followed by endometrial sampling and histopathological examination (HPE). Results. In HPE, 51 (73%) women had normal diagnosis while 19 (27%) women had neoplastic histology either benign or malignant. They were categorised into group I and group II, respectively. There was a significant difference in age ( P = 0.001 ) and incidence of obesity ( P = 0.01 ) between the two groups. The ETs measured in group I and group II were 7.89 ± 2.62 mm and 14.07 ± 3.96 mm, respectively, with significant difference ( P < 0.001 ). A TVS-ET of ...
Study of the Endometrium in Women with perimenopausal Bleeding
1997
Trans vaginal gynecological ultrasonography as well as pathological examination of the endometrium were performed on 20 females with perimenopausal bleeding as well as on 10 age matching controls, to evaluate a screening role in these cases. A cut off point of > 8 mm single layer endometrial thickness for both anterior and posterior walls, accurately predicted the endometrial hyperplasia in patients with no organic pelvic disease.
Analysis of etiological factors for emergence of endometrial hyperplasia in perimenopause
Archives of Public Health, 2019
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible reasons for the emergence of endometrial hyperplasia in perimenopause. Material and methods: A total of 71 patients with irregular bleeding were analyzed, at the age of 40-50 years, who should have undergone diagnostic curettage. Depending on the histopathological findings, we divided them into 2 groups: group 1-findings for endometrial hyperplasia, group 2 - atrophic or endometrium with deficient secretory changes. Body mass index (BMI) was determined (obesity defined with BMI >30 kg/m2); we measured blood pressure (cut-off value was 135/90 mmHg), waist circumference (cut-off value was 88 cm) as well as data of anamnesis (age, physical activity, type of diet, smoking cigarettes). All these data were analyzed as etiological factors in the emergence of endometrial hyperplasia.Results: The mean age of patients was 47 years, and the results obtained were very similar in both examined groups. BMI and waist circumference were increase...
PARIPEX INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH, 2023
Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a major gynecological problem in perimenopausal and postmenopausal age group. This study is intended to investigate the association between endometrial thickness in Aim: transvaginal sonography (TVS), the results of endometrial biopsy in perimenopausal women with AUB and to evaluate the combined use in diagnosis of endometrial lesions. A retrospective study of 250 Materials And Method: perimenopausal women with AUB were enrolled. Data was analyzed using SPSS V 22.0. 160 samples were Results: identified to be benign lesions, 85 were with Hyperplasia and 5 were Malignant. The mean endometrial thickness in subgroup benign were 6.57± 3.06 mm and Malignancy were 17.97±2.79mm. The sensitivity of endometrial biopsy to identify Hyperplasia with or without Atypia was 93.5% and carcinoma was 100%. The study infers that as Conclusion: the endometrial thickness rises the chances of getting abnormal endometrial histological finding increases. A cutoff point of 10.50mm for endometrial thickness using transvaginal ultrasound can predict the results of Pipelle endometrial sampling well.
The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India, 2014
Background Menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation resulting from the loss of ovarian follicular activity. Bleeding that occurs 12 months after the last menstrual period is labeled as postmenopausal bleeding. Aims & objectives The aim of the present study was to study endometrial thickness by transvaginal sonography, and correlate it with the cytological pattern evaluated by endometrial aspiration and histopathological pattern of the hysteroscopic directed biopsy. Results Sixty patients presenting with postmenopausal bleeding in outpatient department, after applying both inclusion and exclusion criteria, were enrolled in the present study. Majority (38.33 %) of patients had atrophic endometrium or normal endometrium. Endometrium was hyperplastic in 18 (30 %) patients, polyp in 6 (10 %) patients, and growth in 7 (11.67 %) patients. On histopathology, majority of patients (38.33 %) had atrophic endometrium. Endometrial hyperplasia was detected in 14 (23.33 %) out of which 11 had simple hyperplasia while 3 had atypical hyperplasia. Endometrial cancer was detected in 8 (13.33 %) patients. Out of 8 cases of endometrial malignancy, one case was confirmed as endometrial adenocarcinoma on histopathology. Conclusion Role of endometrial thickness cannot be undermined for detecting patients at high risk especially with comorbid conditions. Histo-pathological evaluation is mandatory for ruling out malignancy in selected cases of PMB through hysteroscopy.
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019
BACKGROUND: Postmenopausis is a period that starts one year after the last menstruation. Late menopause, after 70 years, is called senile. AIM: To examine the correlation between endometrial thickness and the risk of endometrial malignancy in postmenopausal. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective clinical study involving 120 postmenopausal patients treated at the University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics – Skopje, divided into two groups: control and examination. The control group included 40 postmenopausal patients, hospitalised and operated due to urogenital pathology. The examined group consisted of 80 patients divided into three subgroups according to the ultrasound verified thickness of the endometrium: from 5-8 mm; > 8-11 mm and above 11 mm. A detailed history and intervention were taken in the patients from both groups, and the material was sent for histopathological analysis to determine eventual malignancy. RESULTS: The probability of endometrial malignancy significantl...
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2001
Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency of transvaginal ultrasound in the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Methods: Screening transvaginal ultrasound has been annually performed during the last 2 years in asymptomatic women without familial history of ovarian cancer. When abnormalities were detected, the procedure was repeated after 4-6 weeks. If the findings disappeared, the study was repeated after 1 year. If the abnormality persisted, study was complemented with tumor markers, computed tomography and laparoscopic surgery. The findings were compared with a control group of women in whom ovarian transvaginal ultrasonography was formally indicated. Results: A total of 26007 transvaginal ultrasound were performed: 8813 (33.8%) belonged to the screening group and 17194 (66.2%) to the control group. In 14 patients of the screening group, a malignant tumor was diagnosed and histologically confirmed. The mean age of these patients was 45 years old (SD 12). Eleven of these tumors were stage I (seven Ia, and four Ic), two stage IIIc and one was a metastatic melanoma in both ovaries. Six lesions were borderline tumors (five serous and one mucinous). In the control group, 27 ovarian cancers were diagnosed in patients with a mean age of 48 years (SD 17). In this group, 11 tumors were in stage I, and six were borderline. Conclusions: Although consensus about the benefits of using transvaginal ultrasound as a screening procedure is not conclusive, our data reveals that tumors detected in patients screened with transvaginal ultrasound are in earlier stages when compared with those diagnosed in the control group. No differences were found in age and number of borderline tumors between both groups. Additional studies are needed to support this preliminary findings.
Correlation of Endometrial Thickness and Endometrial Histology in Post-Menopausal patients
Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2022
Background: Endometrial carcinoma is one of the commonest gynecological tumors occurring more commonly in postmenopausal women presenting with post-menopausal bleeding. TVUS is a screening tool to stratify patients as high or low risk on the basis of endometrial thickness. Aim: To know whether the finding of TVUS needs to be correlated with the histopathology of endometrial biopsy sample before making any definitive diagnosis or not. Method: We conducted a systematic search by using Google Scholar as search engines to retrieve all the relevant data published from 2019 to 2021 while following PRISMA Statement. Results: Out of 1039 articles retrieved, only 6 articles were found that met the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria and of which there were 4 were prospective studies and 2 were retrospective in nature. Conclusion: TVUS is an excellent screening tool for endometrial cancer but the findings of TVUS needs to be correlated with histopathological findings of endometrial biopsy samples to make a confirm diagnosis.