Divergent profile of emerging cutaneous leishmaniasis in subtropical Brazil: new endemic areas in the southern frontier (original) (raw)
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Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical, 2018
Introduction: This study proposes to identify the Leishmania species found in the skin lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients from Brasiléia municipality (Acre). Methods: Skin biopsy imprints or biopsy fragments were assayed via kDNA-PCR/RFLP and FRET-real-time PCR. Results: Of individuals with suspected CL, 18 were positive for Leishmania kDNA. Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (61.1%) and Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis (5.5%) were identified in the positive samples. Conclusions: These results are congruent with the previous reports in Acre and Bolivia, revealing L. braziliensis as the most prevalent species. L. guyanensis identification also corroborates with the epidemiology of the disease in the Amazon Basin.
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, 2015
SUMMARY In this study, Leishmaniaspecies were identified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The epidemiology of patients suspected of having American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the municipality of Assis Brasil, Acre State, located in the Brazil/Peru/Bolivia triborder was also investigated. By PCR, the DNA of Leishmaniawas detected in 100% of the cases (37 samples) and a PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) of the hsp 70gene identified the species in 32 samples: Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (65.6%) , L. (V.) shawi (28.1%) , L. (V.) guyanensis (3.1%) and mixed infection L. (V.) guyanensis and L. (Leishmania) amazonensis (3.1%)This is the first report of L. (V.) shawiand L. (L.) amazonensis in Acre. The two predominant species were found in patients living in urban and rural areas. Most cases were found in males living in rural areas for at least three years and involved in rural work. This suggests, in most cases, a possible transmission of the disease from a rura...
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, 2015
SUMMARY In this study, Leishmaniaspecies were identified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The epidemiology of patients suspected of having American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the municipality of Assis Brasil, Acre State, located in the Brazil/Peru/Bolivia triborder was also investigated. By PCR, the DNA of Leishmaniawas detected in 100% of the cases (37 samples) and a PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) of the hsp 70gene identified the species in 32 samples: Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (65.6%) , L. (V.) shawi (28.1%) , L. (V.) guyanensis (3.1%) and mixed infection L. (V.) guyanensis and L. (Leishmania) amazonensis (3.1%)This is the first report of L. (V.) shawiand L. (L.) amazonensis in Acre. The two predominant species were found in patients living in urban and rural areas. Most cases were found in males living in rural areas for at least three years and involved in rural work. This suggests, in most cases, a possible transmission of the disease from a rura...
Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinária = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Órgão Oficial do Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária
The objective of the present study was to investigate the dynamics and profile of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) in an old colonization area in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Health departments of municipalities in the Central-Southern region that had notified cases to the Ministry of Health's Notifable Diseases Information System between 1997 and 2002 were contacted to obtain data. Out of the 119 cases recorded, 51 patients were visited for an interview and inspection of the environment. The cases of ACL exhibited a profile similar to that observed in other Brazilian cities, affecting individuals of both genders, all age groups and different occupational categories, especially students. Risk activities were reported by 56.9% of the interviewees and 84.3% had never left their homeland. Water courses, chicken coops, bamboo plantations and different fruit trees including banana plants and mango trees were frequently observed in the surrounding environment. Most of the interv...
l Retrospective Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in The State of Roraima, North of Brazil
Journal of Dermatology and Clinical Research Centra, 2017
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) is among the neglected and reemerging diseases with outbreaks around the world. In Brazil, the northern region presents the highest incidence, presenting cases in all states of the Amazon region, and specifically the State of Roraima center of attention of our study. This communication brings a bibliographic review about the epidemiological behavior of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) in the State of Roraima, through a retrospective study in the period 2011 to 2015 of the cases reported with diagnoses confirmed for ACL observed in the Notification Disease Information System of the Ministry of Health of Brazil. We found 2,238 reports of confirmed cases and explored according to the variables: number of cases reported, sex, age, race, clinical form and case evolution. The majority of the patients were male (80.83%), cutaneous form of the disease (97.32%) was predominant among the reported cases. The main age group in the number of cases was people aged 20-39 years. Regarding race, we highlight an increasing number of cases (287) of ACL among Amerindians, and we still emphasize a high number (86) of abandonment of treatment. This study shows the predominance of cutaneous form of ACL in Roraima and suggests the activity of forest exploitation, leisure, mining, agriculture and residential environment as important predictive factors for infection. However, there is a lack of publications on the identification of the species of Leishmania responsible for ACL, their vectors and distribution in the state.
Retrospective Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in The State of Roraima , North of Brazil
2017
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) is among the neglected and reemerging diseases with outbreaks around the world. In Brazil, the northern region presents the highest incidence, presenting cases in all states of the Amazon region, and specifically the State of Roraima center of attention of our study. This communication brings a bibliographic review about the epidemiological behavior of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) in the State of Roraima, through a retrospective study in the period 2011 to 2015 of the cases reported with diagnoses confirmed for ACL observed in the Notification Disease Information System of the Ministry of Health of Brazil. We found 2,238 reports of confirmed cases and explored according to the variables: number of cases reported, sex, age, race, clinical form and case evolution. The majority of the patients were male (80.83%), cutaneous form of the disease (97.32%) was predominant among the reported cases. The main age group in the number of cases was...
A new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the central area of Paraná State, southern Brazil
Acta tropica, 2009
We report a new endemic zone of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the central area of the State of Paraná (Municipality of Prudentópolis), in southern Brazil. This region was not previously considered endemic for CL, and this work constitutes the first report of CL endemicity there. Leishmaniasis was confirmed by smear, culture, and ELISA. Parasites were isolated and identified by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (PCR-RAPD). Phylogeographical analysis, based on two different criteria, was able to distinguish between RAPD profiles from different geographical regions. In total, 100 patients were diagnosed with leishmaniasis by culture and serology methods. The reported incidence rate was 4.32%. Of the 100 patients, 92% of the patients had single lesions, and 79.98% of these lesions were located on their limbs. The fact that 61% of patients were male rural workers points to an extradomiciliar type of transmission. In houses where human leishmaniasis was diagnosed, 29% of the dogs presented anti-Leishmania antibodies. A total of 1663 phlebotomines, representing 5 species, were captured in the studied area with CDC-like light minitraps. Lutzomyia intermedia s.l. was the most prevalent species (94.40%). The isolated parasites were grouped with Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. The epidemiological implications are discussed in the present article.
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
Introduction: We diagnose cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) among indigenous peoples of the state of Roraima, Brazil, and discuss some aspects of its epidemiology. Methods: Skin imprints, and lesion exudate samples collected on filter paper were examined using parasitological and molecular techniques, respectively. Results: Of 30 indigenous individuals, representing several ethnic groups, with suspected cases of CL, 27 (90%) tested positive for Leishmania spp. by PCR, and 21 (70%) by parasitological microscopy. Conclusions: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is indistinctly present among indigenous peoples from different regions of the state of Roraima. Individuals from seven of the ten existing ethnic groups in the state tested positive for CL, demonstrating the need for further investigation of the disease among these ethnic groups.
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 1993
The study sought to analyze clinical and epidemiological aspects of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Xapuri, Acre, Brazil. Data from 2008 to 2014 registered in the notification records of the disease of the Information System of the Complaints of Notification (SINAN), and the data of the Information Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) available from 2007 to 2013 were used and analyzed in the light of the statistics of the temporal series by the Prais-Winsten method and chi-squared test. A total of 906 cases were registered with 60.2% occurring in men and 39.7% in women. The groups from 0 to 4 years of age (48.0%) and from 5 to 19 years of age (23.3%) were the most affected. Regarding the clinical forms, 77.7% presented CL and 22.3% mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL). Among the 896 cases with information on the diagnostic methods used, Montenegro's skin test predominated (66.4%), with a positive result of 95.8% for CL and 99.3% for MCL. Treatment with N-methylglucamine antimony was performed in 99.4% of the cases, but discontinuously used in the majority of patients. This study presents information which may be used as a tool for the epidemiological surveillance and control of the disease in Xapuri, a region which depends essentially on forest resources and ecological tourism.