An Exploration of the Experiences of Migrant Women (original) (raw)
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After three years of unsuccessful searching for a job as a secretary, Marivic Duque, 25, is leaving for Oman at the end of September to work as a domestic helper. She will leave behind her husband, a company driver, and her two-yearold daughter, and will send US$200 per month back to her family. Duque comes from Pampanga, a Philippine province that was devastated by the eruption of Mt Pinatubo in 1991. An aunt who works in the Middle East encouraged her to try life abroad as an overseas contract worker. 'I wouldn't be going to Oman if I didn't have a relative there,' she says. But when she's pressed on the real reasons she wants to work abroad, she admits her motivation is not entirely financial. 'It's not the money,' she says. 'I really want to have the chance to experience another country. I want to ride an airplane.' Duque is just one of thousands of Filipinas who go abroad every year in search of a better life. While a few, like Duque, are attracted by the prospects of a foreign adventure, most go only to find employment and escape the grinding poverty back home. Until now, the Philippine government has encouraged its citizens to go abroad to find jobs and to send their earning back to their impoverished country. But the hanging of a Filipina domestic worker in Singapore last spring provoked a development.
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Nomkhosi Xulu-Gama 9.1 Introduction and Background Something remains to be said about how African migrant women's experiences, […] have affected the system of migrant labour (Phillips & James, 2014: 411). Scholars who write about migrant women, whether rural-urban or international migrants, have tended to always link women's migration processes to men's, thereby reducing women's agency and will power. It is in this regard that women's positionalities have continued to remain on the peripheries in literature (see Phillips & James, 2014), even if in reality they have become the main players in their own right. Kihato's (2013) work reiterates the importance of the role of migrant women in shaping the way the city's life is played out. Jayaram et al. (2019) posited that women are very mobile, frequently moving locally and internationally between their areas of origin and different urban work destinations. Xulu-Gama (2017), Kihato (2013) and Zulu (1993) prove that women do migrate on their own. This chapter is a contribution to the emerging field of women's migration in the Global South literature. It uses feminist-standpoint epistemology as a way of embracing and acknowledging as valid the experiences and voices of women, especially in the field of migration, which was historically designed to be solely for men. The focus is on going beyond the differences and the complexities and embracing the undervalued similarities which exist between rural-urban and foreign-national migrant women. This chapter intends to make a relational comparison between African rural-urban and African foreign-national 1 migrant women in the South 1 'Foreign national' means an individual who is not a South African citizen or does not have a permanent residence permit issued in terms of the Immigration Act, according to the South African Immigration Amendment Act 13 of 2011.
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This paper interrogates migration, identity and the nuances of female migrants’ experiences in Chika Unigwe’s Better Never than Late. The paper notes that, although women seem to have dominated the global migration flow, migration has mostly been considered from an overwhelmingly male perspective, perhaps, due to the male predominance in the process. This development, most often, creates complexes that diminish the identity and self-worth of women in their destination countries. It also leads to some misrepresentations and erroneous portrayal of migrant women in some literary and critical discourses on migration. Against this backdrop, this paper attempts a deconstruction and reconstruction of this perception and establishes that women, like men, are also active participants in the migration process and not merely appendages of male migrants. The paper adopts Post-colonial Feminist theory as its theoretical position and, through analysis of some extrapolations in some selected stori...
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Migration is one of the fundamental processes that determine the population of a country. It is believed that internal migrants account for nearly four times as many individuals as international migrants. The feminization of migration shows women are more likely to migrate on internal or international basis as there is a demand for workers in highly feminized sectors i.e. healthcare, domestic work, entertainment etc. Literature suggests that female migrants have a significant contribution for the economic development particularly in developing countries, making them a significant contributor to the economy. The main objective of the paper is to examine, review and consolidate findings from existing literature on some of the contemporary female migrant issues that is emerging at both host and source areas. The study was based on a desk review and secondary data, using descriptive analysis. Analysis reveal that vulnerability of migrant women are characterized by age, education and skill levels. Despite the difficulties they endure, migration offers a new sense of independence and gain of personal wealth which in turn helps the families left behind in the form of remittance that further encourages migration. It has been identified that the issues faced by migrant women varies and they tend to face issues during different phases such as pre departure, travel, destination, interception and return phase at both origin and destination. Some of the issues can be broadly classified in to macro level issues related to employment, living environment and society. However, micro level issues are rarely addressed and migrant women frequently experience occupational hazards, gender based violence, exclusion and discriminations. Findings suggest that female migrants need more intervention at different key levels to cope up with these issues.
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This year's report focuses on the lives of migrant women. Every year millions of women working overseas send hundreds of millions of dollars in remittances back to their homes and communities. These funds go to feed and educate children, provide health care, build homes, foster small businesses and generally improve living standards for loved ones left behind. For host countries, the labour of migrant women is so embedded in the fabric of society that it goes virtually unnoticed. Migrant women contribute their technical and professional expertise, pay taxes and quietly support a quality of life that many take for granted. Publishing Agency: United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA).
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The United Nations University (UNU) is the academic arm of the United Nations (UN). It bridges the academic world and the UN system. Its goal is to develop sustainable solutions for current and future problems of humankind in all aspects of life. Through a problem-oriented and interdisciplinary approach it aims at applied research and education on a global scale. UNU was founded in 1973 and is an autonomous organ of the UN General Assembly. The University comprises a headquarters in Tokyo, Japan, and more than a dozen Institutes and Programmes worldwide.