Performance Evaluation of Textile Effluent Treatment Plant: Bangladesh Perspective (original) (raw)
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Textile industries are the major contributor to environmental pollution and health hazards by generating huge amount of effluents that contain several pollutants and coloring agents. The concentration of these pollutants can be reduced to the permissible limit with the help of an Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP). The study was conducted to observe the textile effluent management techniques of an Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) of Fakir Knitwear Limited (FKL), Narayanganj, Bangladesh. FKL set up a biological treatment plant to treat the effluent generated by the industry. Different effluent quality parameters were investigated at different stages in ETP. The effluent of the outlet was dark colored probably because of soluble coloring materials of the effluent but it is comparatively better than that of raw wastewater. There were found higher EC values than the standards which indicated that the greater amount of salts in the water due to dumping of solid wastes and discharging of industrial effluents. The highest TDS value 2054 ppm was observed at the screening pit unit than the other parts of the ETP. The highest DO was found 4.58 ppm in clarification tank which was within the standard value of aquaculture. The study also showed that the lowest BOD (24 ppm) and COD (145 ppm) was found at the outlet which was comparatively better than others. Although the effluent from the outlet contained pollutants, these effluent quality was comparatively good than the untreated waste water discharged from the industry. After treatment, the effluent of outlet moderately ensures the standard quality for aquaculture and irrigation. The results suggested that it is obvious to run the ETP regularly to improve the quality of effluents to save our native environment from the harmful effects of wastewater.
Water Practice and Technology
The study was executed at Kalurghat industrial area to determine the efficiency of effluent treatment plants by testing different physicochemical parameters. Results revealed that only 3 out of 9 industries treated their effluents efficiently and discharged following the standards of Department of Environment. The remaining industries viz. Alfa Textile treated their effluent but the values of pH (10.2), dissolve oxygen (DO) (3.6 mg/L), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (89 mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (282 mg/L), total suspended solid (TSS) (221 mg/L), and electric conductivity (EC) (4,003 μS/cm) exceeded the standards, and released untreated effluents directly into the environment. Smart Jeans didn't maintain the standard of EC (1,927 μS/cm), DO (3.2 mg/L), BOD (96 mg/L) and COD (216 mg/L). Asian Apparels EC (1,973 μS/cm), DO (4 mg/L), BOD (79 mg/L), and COD (221 mg/L) weren't up to the standards. Similarly, Mans Fashion EC (1,243 μS/cm), DO (3.7 mg/L), TSS (180 mg/L),...
Methodology for Performance Analysis of Textile Effluent Treatment Plants in Bangladesh
Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin, 2009
The efficiency of individual units of an effluent treatment plant (ETP) determines the overall performance of the plant and the final effluent quality. In this study an ETP of a composite textile industry in Bangladesh was investigated using this method. Water samples were collected from the main units of the ETP and were analysed for key parameters. The results were used to diagnose problems with the treatment units and to suggest modifications. From this, a simple but robust methodology was developed for evaluating the performance of the different treatment units and the ETP as a whole that could be implemented by ETP managers on a regular basis to improve the performance so that the effluent leaving the factory meets national standards and conforms to the requirements of international buyers. The results showed that poor management, especially chemical dosing, was seriously affecting the ETP's performance and that simple measures could address the problems.
Performance Evaluation of Effluent Treatment Plant for Textile Mill at Ramtek, MS, India
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 2014
The present study has been undertaken to evaluate performance efficiency of an Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) of a Textile industry located at Ramtek, Nagpur (Maharashtra). An existing ETP is operating on biological treatment method (extended aeration activated sludge system) followed by tertiary treatment plant (R.O), with an average inflow of 30m 3 /hr. Wastewater is analyzed for major parameters such as pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Total Solid (TS), Total Suspended Solid (TSS) and Alkalinity. The effluent samples were collected from each units of ETP on a monthly basis for a certain period. A jar test was also conducted to determine the optimum dose of alum with respect to COD removal. After an experimentation, it was found at 400 to 500 mg/l dose of alum 42.48% COD reduction was achieved. The COD, BOD, TS and alkalinity after biological treatment reduces significantly, except TDS & TSS having very low reduction of 44% & 45% respectively. Overall treatment & analysis for treated effluent (from RO) describes, most of all the parameters were found within the permissible limit of Maharashtra Pollution Control Board. (MPCB)
http://www.ijsred.com/volume2/issue5/IJSRED-V2I5P88.pdf, 2019
Industrial wastewater treatment describes the processes used for treating wastewater that is produced by industries as an undesirable by-product. After treatment, the treated industrial wastewater may be reused or released to a sanitary sewer or to surface water in the environment. The textile dyeing and washing industry plays an important role in the economic growth as well as the environmental sectors of Bangladesh. Effluent Treatment Plants or (ETPs) are used by leading companies in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry to purify water and remove any toxic and non-toxic materials or chemicals from it. These plants are used by all companies for environment protection. Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) is one of the most important & prominent part of Textile dyeing / Wet process industry. In Bangladesh many industrial units are located near the banks of the rivers and they do not use Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) for wastewater treatment. As a consequence, industrial units dump effluent directly into the river water without consideration of the environment. To combat ecological degradation it is mandatory for textile dyeing / wet process industry to install an effective effluent treatment plant (ETP). This study, focused on investigating the best possible solution to install the most economic and effective effluent treatment plantof textile dyeing / wet process industries in Bangladesh. None of the methods except biological method can satisfy discharge standard. Combined physico-chemical and biological method is considered as the most efficient method. The discharged water is properly treated in the ETP plant to ensure that the discharged waste water is not harmful for environment.Important water quality parameters like pH, TSS, BOD, COD and presence of metals were measured by testing samples. The samples were collected from effluent water of a renowned and international buyer recognized industry named Wash & Wear Ltd in Ashulia, Savar, Bangladesh. The results show that all the water quality parameters are within the permissible limits. Keywords—Waste water, Effluent treatment plant (ETP), Biological treatment, efficiency, water quality, Lab type ETP, BOD, COD, PH, Environment, etc.
The present study has been undertaken to evaluate performance efficiency of an Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) of a textile industry located in Narol , Ahmedabad (Gujarat). An effluent treatment plant is operating on Conventional Effluent treatment method with an average wastewater inflow of 630 m3/day. has been considered for case study. The wastewater is analyzed for the major water quality parameters, such as pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Total Dissolved Solids (TDS),Total Suspended Solids (TSS)and Ammonical Nitrogen (NH 3 -N) The composite samples were collected on a hourly basis for one day . The raw wastewater pH was highly alkaline it was then bringing down to neutral which was helpful for biological treatment. The BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, NH3-N of the treated effluent reduced significantly, where as very small reduction was observed in dissolved solids (61.25 %). Most of all the parameters were above the permissible limits of Gujarat Pollution Co...
The study was conducted to investigate the effluent management techniques and physicochemical properties of effluents in different station of Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) in Purbani Group during the period from December 2011 to June 2012. Nine water samples were collected from nine different points of the ETP in the Purbani Group. The results of the study revealed that the lowest temperature was found 33.4°c at the outlet. The highest pH was found 9.4 at the inlet and the lowest value was 6.8 at the neutralization tank. The highest DO was found 5.90 ppm at the oxidation tank and sedimentation feeding tank, while 4.1 ppm was found at the outlet. The highest EC was found 4171 µS/cm at the inlet of the ETP, where the lowest was found 1902 µS/cm at the sludge thickener. The study also showed that the lowest TDS (1132 ppm), BOD (23 ppm) and COD (95 ppm) was found at the outlet which was comparatively better than others. Although the effluent from the outlet contained pollutants, these effluent quality was comparatively good than the untreated waste water discharged from the industry.
Evaluation of Textile Wastewater Treatment Via ETP in Bangladesh
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION (IJRSI), 2024
Textile liquid waste possesses a substantial biochemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids, hence posing a significant risk of contaminating adjacent water bodies if not appropriately managed. The primary aim of the study is to examine the pH condition of water from the inlet and outlet of the ETP (Effluent Treatment Plant) in two specific regions. Two natural groups in Bangladesh include Tonga Bari, Ashulia, Savar, and Dhaka. Another natural group is "The Emakulet Textile Ltd," located in Purboponchash, Dhamrai, Dhaka. Raw liquid waste was collected from two textile industry and applied some test procedure in the laboratory by varying different design parameters such as pH, DO (Dissolved Oxygen), BOD5 (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), TDS(Total Dissolved Solids), TSS (Total Suspended Solids), Turbidity, Fe2+ , pH was tested by a pH meter at 25℃ temperature. DO also tested by a sensor machine (FLEXA) which shows the values of dissolved oxygen in ETP waste water. To collect BOD5 value needed 5 days minimum also used MnSO4, H2SO4 to get BOD5 value from the incubator. Turbidity was tested by Digital Turbidity meter. The results showeds that the pH condition of water from the inlet is satisfied but others parameter from the inlet sample is not in the range of ECR, 1997. The selected two areas of ETP given the maximum and minimum parameters found, DO in the inlet of two selected areas was (0) from the inlet. The maximum BOD5 value was 126 mg/l from the inlet which crosses the limit of ECR-1997 but after treatment it was 47 mg/l. The detailed experimental results demonstrated that, ETP water is fully treated and all parameter acceptable according to ECR, 1997. In this analysis, it is anticipated that the implementation of a cost-effective treatment approach could serve as an incentive for industrial proprietors to engage in effluent treatment, so contributing to the enhancement of water body quality in Bangladesh.
IRJET- Overview of Effluent Treatment Plant Used for Textile Indstry
IRJET, 2021
bstract-India is undergoing in rapid increase of industrial sector and it is concerning by many environmental factors as waste from these industries is directly dumped in water bodies and it can create serious impact to aquatic life and ecology. So, this effluent needs to be treated well before being dumped. Effluent from various types of industries such as textile, pharma, pigment, dairy contains exaggerated amount of toxic chemicals and other chemical factors. Certain processes such as reactive dyeing in textile industries require large quantities of alkali but pre-treatments and some washes can be acidic. It is therefore necessary to adjust the pH in the treatment process to make the wastewater neutral. Speaking of the textile industries, it needs enormous amount of water and variety of chemicals for different operations such as washing, dying, etc. the spillage of these chemicals, cause significant hazard to environment. On the other hand, dairy industry's wastewater generally contains fats, lactose, proteins, nutrients which increase the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) of water. It may also contain detergents and sanitizing agents which are obtained by cleansing process and it leads to increase in Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). This paper gives an overview of effluent treatment plant used in textile industrial sector. This paper also provides a statistical data about ETP's and factors affecting it.
Inventory and tertiary treatment of effluent from textile industries in Bangladesh
Dye effluent from textile industries is one of the most difficult types of wastewater to treat. There has been exhaustive research on the removal of dyes from textile wastewater by adsorption and coagulation-flocculation processes. This research is split up in two study parts. The first part shows an overview of the design and operation of the existing treatment facilities by the textile industries in Bangladesh. The second part of this study examines the removal efficiency of textile dyes at the tertiary level for the effluent of one textile industry, Masco Industries Ltd, deploying an integrated approach by an enhanced coagulation-flocculation method using a multispectral coagulant-flocculent called all poly floc (APF) and then, filtering the supernatant through a special media called activated filter media (AFM). The experiments were done batch wise in beakers and using a continuously operated column setup. The results obtained by the batch tests show that AFM has a very poor adsorbent capacity (0.88Pt.Co./gm) compared to traditional adsorbents used by the textile industries. A high removal efficiency was observed by the coagulation-flocculation process. When experimentally comparing the difference between APF and aluminium (as conventional coagulant), the APF was found very effective and much better than aluminium. The removal efficiency with APF was observed as 64%, while for aluminium, it was only 33%. As filter medium, tested in a column reactor, AFM was found ineffective to remove color from the feed wastewater and the supernatant after coagulation-flocculation. Moreover, this research investigated the removal efficiency of local sand against AFM filter medium, where the local sand shows better performance in order to filter out the remaining flocs from the supernatant (after coagulation-flocculation). The removal of flocs was achieved around 38% by the local sand (size: 0.13-0.25 mm), while around 19% was achieved by AFM grade-1 (size: 0.46-1.0 mm). Finally, this report includes the results obtained by a pilot study using a combination of APF and AFM at Masco Industries Ltd based on the optimum coagulant dosage (1ml/L) obtained by the batch tests and at a fixed flow rate (1m3/h). The result shows that the retention time given for flocculation inside a pressure tank was not enough to achieve the same removal as was observed for the column tests.