Systemic cryptococcosis in an immune-competent child (original) (raw)

Fatal Disseminated Cryptococcus Infection in an Immunocompetent Patient

Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2014

Introduction: Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic fungal infection mostly in immunocompromised patients. Here we present the immunocompetent case with crypotoccosis. Case Presentation: A 60-year-old man without any history of immunodeficiency or major risk factor of fungal infection, referred to the emergency department with systemic symptoms and low back pain. The patient's condition gradually deteriorated within days by forming the clinical picture of a multi−system disease and eventually leading to a fatal outcome. The results of skin biopsy, BAL, gastrointestinal biopsy samples and post mortem lung and liver necropsies confirmed the disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans infection in smears and cultures. Discussion: This case emphasizes the need for a high index of suspicion for fungal infections in patients with multi−organ involvements who are unresponsive to treatment. Even without any obvious history or sign of immunodeficiency.

Cryptococcosis, A Risk for Immunocompromised and Immunocompetent Individuals

The genus Cryptococcus includes at least 37 different species, of which, two are important human pathogens: Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. These fungi are opportunistic pathogens and etiologic agents of cryptococcosis disease in humans and animals. A variety of virulence factors interfere with the establishment of cryptococcal infection is usually acquired via inhalation of environmental basidiospores or desiccated yeasts. Cryptococcosis has gained medical importance over the last decade due to the AIDS pandemic, and become an emerging pathogen of immunocompetent individuals, especially in children. This disease in humans may involve every tissue, including cutaneous and pulmonary sites, but the most serious manifestation is central nervous system involvement with meningoencephalitis. In this review, we briefly described the taxonomy, the fungus biology, epidemiology and clinical manifestations of cryptococcosis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals

Disseminated Cryptococcal Infection in Apparently Immunocompetent Child: a Case Report

Journal of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences

Cryptococcal infection is the third most common fungal infection which commonly affects immune-compromised hosts but is increasingly recognized in immunocompetent hosts also. Here, we report disseminated cryptococcosis in an apparently immunocompetent child presenting with high-grade fever, headache and altered sensorium for one month. He had pallor, lymphadenopathy, skin lesions, decreased vision, sixth and seventh cranial nerve palsy, and hepatosplenomegaly. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis report, contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography of brain, and bone-marrow aspiration were normal. The diagnosis was confirmed on bone marrow biopsy. Early diagnosis and timely management of this disease would be life-saving for many children.

Cryptococcosis: An emerging infectious disease of global public health importance

Cryptococcosis is an emerging deadly systemic disease caused by Cryptococcus, which is basidiomycetous, encapsulated yeast that occurs as a saprobe in nature. Only two species are known to cause disease from the genus Cryptococcus: Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. The source of infection is exogenous and the respiratory tract acts as the chief portal entry of fungus. The mode of disease getting from the contaminated environment is by inhalation of infectious fungal agent. An array of clinical spectrum of disease is reported in humans.

A case of systemic cryptococcosis in an immunocompromised host : A chance diagnosis by FNAC

IP innovative publication pvt. ltd, 2019

Cryptococcus neoformans is the most common life threatening fungal pathogen that infects patients with Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). We present a case of 14 year old female came with complaints of bilateral non tender lymphadenopathy and mass per abdomen. On FNAC from lymphnode and spleen showed varying sized of cryptococcal organism which was further confirmed with Indian ink preparation. Following Human Immunodeficiency Virus test showed positivity. In immunocompromised individuals Cryptococcosis is the prevailing cause of death among opportunistic fungal disease. Greater number of studies showed the cryptococcosis in lung, meninges and skin whereas lymph node and spleen involvement is considered to be rare. We report a case of systemic cryptococcosis presenting as cervical lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology.

Disseminated Cryptococcosis in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Study

Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases

Cryptococcosis is the fungal infection caused by the yeast that belongs to the cryptococcus species which is divided into two broad categories, Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. Cryptococcosis is the opportunistic infection in the immunocompromised individual, particularly in HIV infected individual. In immunocompetent individuals, there may be serological evidence of cryptococcal infection, but cryptococcal disease is very rare in the absence of impaired immunity. Here we are reporting a case of disseminated cryptococcosis (multiple cold abscesses, sacroiliitis and asymptomatic pulmonary nodules) in an immunocompetent patient, which was initially thought to be mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Cryptococcus's: An emerging infectious disease of global public health importance

Cryptococcosis is an emerging deadly systemic disease caused by Cryptococcus, which is basidiomycetous, encapsulated yeast that occurs as a saprobe in nature. Only two species are known to cause disease from the genus Cryptococcus: Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. The source of infection is exogenous and the respiratory tract acts as the chief portal entry of fungus. The mode of disease getting from the contaminated environment is by inhalation of infectious fungal agent. An array of clinical spectrum of disease is reported in humans. B, flucytosine, fluconazole, ketoconazole, and itraconazole have been used for the treatment of the disease. Currently, there is no formal preventative technique or vaccination for cryptococcosis. Therefore, an early diagnosis and prompt treatment should be given to the patient in order to prevent mortality, particularly in HIV-positive individuals.

Serologic Evidence for Cryptococcus neoformans Infection in Early Childhood

PEDIATRICS, 2001

Objective. Cryptococcus neoformans is an important cause of central nervous system infection in adults with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) but an unusual cause of disease in children with AIDS. The basis for this age-related difference in incidence is not known but may be caused by differences in exposure or immune response. The objective of this study was to determine whether the low prevalence of cryptococcal disease among children is related to a lack of exposure to C neoformans.