Cubrân Halîl Cubrân’ın “Savtân” Adlı Şiirinin Türkçeye Yapılmış Farklı Çevirilerinin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi / A Comparative Analysis of Various Translations of the Poem Called “Savtan” of Gibran Khalil Gibran in Turkish (original) (raw)

2021, Cubrân Halîl Cubrân’ın “Savtân” Adlı Şiirinin Türkçeye Yapılmış Farklı Çevirilerinin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analizi / A Comparative Analysis of Various Translations of the Poem Called “Savtan” of Gibran Khalil Gibran in Turkish

Literary translation is a branch of translation in which the texts written in literary, artistic and similar subjects are transferred into the target language with equivalent words by preserving the original meaning and style as well as not causing cultural losses. Being the first genre that comes to mind when considering written translation, the literary translation includes the translation of prose and fiction, which could also be expressed as novel and short story translation, the translation of poetry and the translation of theater works in the most general sense. In this type of translation, all the grammatical structure of the text to be translated, such as form, style, vocabulary, sound, syntax, is required to be transferred along with the content. As the main purpose of literature is not to inform the reader, but to convey feelings, the same purpose forms a basis in literary translation. In this respect, it is significant that the tone of the author in the source text should be transferred to the target language as much as possible. In the translation of poetry, in addition to all these elements, the characteristic features of poetry, including rhyme and redif should be transferred to the target language as much as possible. The point to be taken into account in this type of translation is the meaning and integrity of subject that the poet intends to give, and in fact, the conveyance of the unique feeling of poet to the target language without losing its specifics. The translation criticism is the comparative evaluation of the translations of a text in the source language to be translated into the target language within the scope of certain theories and principles. In this study, four particular translations of the last chapter called “Savtan”, which belongs to the poem, namely “al-Mawakib”, written in Arabic by Gibran Khalil Gibran, the Lebanese author, poet and painter, whose works are translated into various world languages; are examined comparatively in terms of form, language, style, meaning and equivalence. Consisting of the works belonging to Prof. Dr. Rahmi Er, Prof. Dr. Kenan Demirayak, Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Yazıcı and Prof. Dr. Musa Yıldız, all these translations are formed by studying the original and Arabic copy of the source work. Dealing with the four particular translations of the source work directly transferred from the original language to the target language, the aim of this study is to provide the Turkish reader with the opportunity of comparison as a result of comparing the source text and its translations as well as the target texts within themselves; and also the ability to read critically with this mean of different perspectives. The translations studied by the aforementioned translators are examined within the frame of translation criticism by applying the comparative analysis method. In consequence of the evaluation, it is possible to state that the four particular translators present a translation providing equivalence in terms of language, style and meaning by significantly preserving the form and content of the source text. It is observed that while some of the mentioned translators give priority to the poetic style and depth, they also apply free translation by means of reduction and addition.