Comparison study of permanent magnet transverse flux motors (PMTFMs) for in-wheel applications (original) (raw)
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Transverse flux machines with distributed windings for in-wheel applications
2009 International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems (PEDS), 2009
Transverse flux machine (TFM) useful for in-wheel motor applications is presented. This transverse flux permanent magnet motor is designed to achieve high torque-to-weight ratio and is suitable for direct-drive wheel applications. As in conventional TFM, the phases are located under each other, which will increase the axial length of the machine. The idea of this design is to reduce the axial length of TFM, by placing the windings around the stator and by shifting those from each other by electrically 120 o or 90 o , for three-or two-phase machine, respectively. Therefore, a remarkable reduction on the total axial length of the machine will be achieved while keeping the torque density high. This TFM is compared to another similar TFM, in which the three phases have been divided into two halves and placed opposite each other to ensure the mechanical balance and stability of the stator. The corresponding mechanical phase shifts between the phases have accordingly been taken into account. The motors are modelled in finite-element method (FEM) program, Flux3D, and designed to meet the specifications of an optimisation scheme, subject to certain constraints, such as construction dimensions, electric and magnetic loading. Based on this comparison study, many recommendations have been suggested to achieve optimum results.
Analysis of PM Transverse-Flux Outer Rotor Machines with Different Configuration
IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications , 2017
This paper presents electromagnetic analysis of two permanent magnet transverse flux outer rotor machines with and without magnetic shunts. The research started with designing and analysing a permanent magnet transverse flux machine with inner rotor, previously patented by J. Giearas in 2010. However, the results obtained from the prototype test differed significantly from the estimated results. Applying 3D Finite Element Method tool main problem of the machine was detected. The problem was in high flux leakage which weakened magnetic flux density in the stator poles. Such observation led to designing two machines with outer rotor; with and without magnetic shunts. The role of the magnetic shunts is to minimize flux leakage in the stator in order to improve the performance of the machine. Electromechanical parameters of both outer rotor machines, with and without magnetic shunts, are compared in the paper. 3D Finite Element Method results are supported by laboratory analysis of the machines’ prototypes. Experimental measurements proved that the machine with magnetic shunts demonstrated better performance comparing to the machine without magnetic shunts. Presence of the magnetic shunts in the machine resulted in reducing of flux leakage and cogging torque.
A Novel Transverse Flux Machine for Vehicle Traction Applications
novel transverse flux machine topology for electric vehicle traction applications using ferrite magnets is presented in this paper. The proposed transverse flux topology utilizes novel magnet arrangements in the rotor that are similar to the Halbach array to boost flux linkage; on the stator side, cores are alternately arranged around a pair of ring windings in each phase to make use of the entire rotor flux that eliminates end windings. Analytical design considerations and finite-element methods are used for an optimized design of a scooter in-wheel motor. Simulation results from finite element analysis (FEA) show that the motor achieved comparable torque density to conventional rare-earth permanent magnet (PM) machines. This machine is a viable candidate for direct-drive applications with low cost and high torque density.
A novel transverse flux machine for vehicle traction aplications
2015 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting, 2015
A novel transverse flux machine topology for electric vehicle traction applications using ferrite magnets is presented in this paper. The proposed transverse flux topology utilizes novel magnet arrangements in the rotor that are similar to the Halbach array to boost flux linkage; on the stator side, cores are alternately arranged around a pair of ring windings in each phase to make use of the entire rotor flux that eliminates end windings. Analytical design considerations and finite-element methods are used for an optimized design of a scooter in-wheel motor. Simulation results from finite element analysis (FEA) show that the motor achieved comparable torque density to conventional rare-earth permanent magnet (PM) machines. This machine is a viable candidate for direct-drive applications with low cost and high torque density.
Design Considerations of Permanent Magnet Transverse Flux Machines
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2000
-drive applications. Due to its complicated 3-D flux components, design and design optimization of a PMTFM is more difficult and time consuming than for radial flux electrical machines. This paper addresses two important design considerations for PMTFM-the influence of permanent magnet leakage flux, which plays an important role in the determination of machine output torque, and the leakage inductance. A new simple method to provide a quick estimation of the armature leakage inductance is proposed, avoiding use of complicated 3-D equivalent reluctance network model to estimate the circumferential armature leakage flux component, and the pole face fringing flux component. Analysis results are supported by 2-D, and 3-D finite element (FE) analysis results, and measurement results on a prototype surface-mounted PMTFM. Index Terms-Inductance, leakage flux, permanent magnet, transverse flux machine.
2011 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics, 2011
Transient finite element analysis of a flux concentrated permanent magnet transverse flux machine (FCPM-TFM) that is designed to be incorporated as in wheel motor for a mobile platform using FLUX3D, a 3D finite element (FE-) package from Cedrat with external circuit connections and electromechanical coupling features, is presented in this paper. Two magneto dynamic studies of transient analysis are performed. The first study is achieved as the rotor moves at a constant imposed speed so that the harmonics are considered through the motion. The initial values are estimated from 3D-magnetostatic simulations. The second transient study involves electromechanical coupling so that the dynamic behavior of the motor can be investigated. The later analysis is achieved by starting the motor at no-load until it approaches a steady speed. The practical results are consistent with the theoretical expectations.
Comparison Analysis of PM Transverse Flux Outer Rotor Machines with and without Magnetic Shunts
IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Expo (ECCE 2016), 2016
This paper presents electromagnetic analysis of two permanent magnet transverse flux outer rotor machines with and without magnetic shunts. The research started with designing and analysing a permanent magnet transverse flux machine with inner rotor, previously patented by J. Giearas in 2010. However, the results obtained from the prototype test differed significantly from the estimated results. Applying 3D Finite Element Method tool main problem of the machine was detected. The problem was in high flux leakage which weakened magnetic flux density in the stator poles. Such observation led to designing two machines with outer rotor; with and without magnetic shunts. The role of the magnetic shunts is to minimize flux leakage in the stator in order to improve performance of the machine. Electromechanical parameters of both outer rotor machines, with and without magnetic shunts, are compared in the paper. 3D Finite Element Method results are supported by laboratory analysis of the machines’ prototypes. Experimental measurements proved that the machine with magnetic shunts demonstrated better performance comparing to the machine without magnetic shunts. Presence of the magnetic shunts in the machine resulted in reducing of flux leakage and cogging torque.
Optimization of the transverse-flux motor based on design of experiments
2009 International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems (PEDS), 2009
The objective of the paper is optimization of the outer rotor permanent-magnet transverse-flux motor using design of experiments. First, the 3-D time-stepping finite-element analysis is used to evaluate the relationship between the measured and calculated results. Further, in the 3-D time-stepping finiteelement analysis a parametric model of the transverse-flux motor is coupled with an external three-phase current source to analyze the impact of the motor geometric parameters on its performance. The objectives of the motor geometry optimization are maximization of the nominal electromagnetic torque, minimization of torque pulsations, reduction of local magnetic saturation of ferromagnetic parts and increase in the current overloading regarding magnetic saturation. All the optimization objectives should be realized in a single transverse-flux motor design.
A Review of Transverse Flux Machines Topologies and Design
Energies
High torque and power density are unique merits of transverse flux machines (TFMs). TFMs are particularly suitable for use in direct-drive systems, that is, those power systems with no gearbox between the electric machine and the prime mover or load. Variable speed wind turbines and in-wheel traction seem to be great-potential applications for TFMs. Nevertheless, the cogging torque, efficiency, power factor and manufacturing of TFMs should still be improved. In this paper, a comprehensive review of TFMs topologies and design is made, dealing with TFM applications, topologies, operation, design and modeling.
Design, Analysis and Fabrication of a Novel Transverse Flux Permanent Magnet Machine with Disk Rotor
Applied Sciences
The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel design for the transverse flux permanent magnet (TFPM) disk-rotor generator with E and I-shaped cores (TFPMDEIG). Disk-shape structure increases the machine’s power factor, allows for high rotational speeds, decreases centrifugal force over permanent magnets, and is employed in wind turbines, due to its compact structures. As for other advantages for this structure, one can point to the fact that there are as many windings as machine’s pole pairs; these windings become parallel by observing the polarity. In other words, the total power of this machine is distributed between pole pairs, increasing the overall reliability of the machine. In this paper, first, the initial design algorithm and the basic formulas governing the behavior of the proposed structure using the equivalent magnetic circuit for each pole are provided, and the three-dimensional finite element method (3D-FEM) is used for verification of the algorithm. To validate the ...