The Association between Prevalence of Peritoneal Dialysis versus Hemodialysis and Patients’ Distance to Dialysis-Providing Facilities (original) (raw)
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The impact of patient preference on dialysis modality and hemodialysis vascular access
BMC Nephrology, 2014
Background: Home-based dialysis, including peritoneal dialysis (PD) and home hemodialysis (HHD), is associated with improved health related quality of life and reduced health resource costs. It is uncertain to what extent initial preferences for dialysis modality influence the first dialysis therapy actually utilized. We examined the relationship between initial dialysis modality choice and first dialysis therapy used. Methods: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) from a single centre who started dialysis after receiving modality education were included in this study. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to assess the independent association of patient characteristics and initial dialysis modality choice with actual dialysis therapy used and starting hemodialysis (HD) with a central venous catheter (CVC). Results: Of 299 eligible patients, 175 (58.5%) initially chose a home-based therapy and 102 (58.3%) of these patients' first actual dialysis was a home-based therapy. Of the 89 patients that initially chose facility-based HD, 84 (94.4%) first actual dialysis was facility-based HD. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for first actual dialysis as a home-based therapy was 29.0 for patients intending to perform PD (95% confidence interval [CI] 10.7-78.8; p < 0.001) and 12.4 for patients intending to perform HHD (95% CI 3.29-46.6; p < 0.001). Amongst patients whose first actual dialysis was HD, an initial choice of PD or not choosing a modality was associated with an increased risk of starting dialysis with a CVC (adjusted OR 3.73, 95% CI 1.51-9.21; p = 0.004 and 4.58, 95% CI 1.53-13.7; p = 0.007, respectively). Conclusions: Although initially choosing a home-based therapy substantially increases the probability of the first actual dialysis being home-based, many patients who initially prefer a home-based therapy start with facility-based HD. Programs that continually re-evaluate patient preferences and reinforce the values of home based therapies that led to the initial preference may improve home-based therapy uptake and improve preparedness for starting HD.
Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, 2014
Background Hospitalization rates are a relevant consideration when choosing or recommending a dialysis modality. Previous comparisons of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) have not been restricted to individuals who were eligible for both therapies. Methods We conducted a multicenter prospective cohort study of people 18 years of age and older who were eligible for both PD and HD, and who started outpatient dialysis between 2007 and 2010 in four Canadian dialysis programs. Zero-inflated negative binomial models, adjusted for baseline patient characteristics, were used to examine the association between modality choice and rates of hospitalization. Results The study enrolled 314 patients. A trend in the HD group toward higher rates of hospitalization, observed in the primary analysis, became significant when modality was treated as a time-varying exposure or when the population was restricted to elective outpatient starts in patients with at least 4 months of pre-dialysis...
The association between geographic proximity to a dialysis facility and use of dialysis catheters
BMC nephrology, 2014
Background: Residing remotely from health care resources appears to impact quality of care delivery. It remains unclear if there are differences in vascular access based on distance of one's residence to dialysis centre at time of dialysis initiation, and whether region or duration of pre-dialysis care are important effect modifiers. Methods: We studied the association of distance from a patients' residence to the nearest dialysis centre and central venous catheter (CVC) use in an observational study of 26,449 incident adult dialysis patients registered in the Canadian Organ Replacement Registry between 2000-2009. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association between distance in tertiles and CVC use, adjusted for patient demographics and comorbidities. Geographic region and duration of pre-dialysis care were examined as potential effect modifiers. Results: Eighty percent of patients commenced dialysis with a CVC. Incident CVC use was highest among those living > 20 km from the dialysis centre (OR 1.29 (1.24-1.34)) compared to those living < 5 km from centre. The length of pre-dialysis care and geographic region were significant effect modifiers; among patients residing in the furthest tertile (>20 km) from the nearest dialysis centre, incident CVC use was more common with shorter length of pre-dialysis care (< 1 year) and residence in central regions of the country. Conclusion: Residing further from a dialysis centre is associated with increased CVC use, an effect modified by shorter pre-dialysis care and the geographic region of the country. Efforts to reduce geographical disparities in pre dialysis care may decrease CVC use.
Equity of accessibility to dialysis facilities
Studies in health technology and informatics, 2009
Patients' end-stage renal disease (ESRD) characteristics are changing. Improving the quality of care requires a steady adaptation of treatment modalities together with equity of access to dialysis facilities. We explored the ability of the health system to cope with the demand of ESRD care. An analysis of a 5-year follow-up cohort of ESRD patients in the Limousin region, France, was performed. Data were entered in the Multi-Source Information System of the Renal Epidemiology and Information Network (REIN). The participation rate of centres was complete. We analysed patient characteristics, therapeutic options and driving time to reach dialysis facilities. We investigated geographic accessibility by defining areas within 45 minutes from dialysis units. We constructed scenarios to assess the impact of health care reorganization. In-centre haemodialysis units represented 73% of treatment modalities. One quarter of patients lived at more than 45 minutes of their dialysis unit. Based...
BMC Research Notes, 2012
Background: Patients have to travel long distances to undergo hemodialysis (HD) in some regions. We aimed to search for an association of the distance between patients' residence and the dialysis unit with quality of life, depression and coping among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing maintenance HD. Methods: We studied 161 ESRD patients undergoing HD during April 2009. Quality of life, depression and coping were assessed by the SF-36, the 10-item CES-D and the Jalowiec Coping Scale, respectively. The sample was stratified in three groups: I-patients residing in Sobral (where the dialysis unit is located); II-patients residing in towns up to 100 km from Sobral; and III-patients residing in towns distant greater than 100 km from Sobral. Analysis of variance was used to detect differences in quality of life and coping scores between the groups. Logistic regression was used to test distance as a predictor of depression. Results: There were 47 (29.2%) patients residing in Sobral, 46 (28.6%) up to 100 km away and 68 (42.2%) greater than 100 km from Sobral. There were no differences related to quality of life and coping scores between the groups. Distance was not a predictor of depression. Conclusions: Social and cultural factors may explain the lack of differences. Studies from other regions are needed to clarify the distance effects on self-perceived outcomes among HD patients.
Canadian Medical Association Journal, 2007
I n Canada, no one is denied renal replacement therapy because of their residence location; however, a substantial proportion of patients receiving dialysis live more than 300 km from the closest nephrologist. 1 Since this geographic barrier may make it more difficult to provide highquality renal care, it is plausible that disparities in access to appropriate care may result in differences in health outcomes. Despite the potential implications for health policy, this issue has not been formally studied. We sought to examine this issue using data collected prospectively from patients who began hemodialysis in Canada between 1990 and 2000. We hypothesized that patients who lived farther away from their attending nephrologist would be more likely than patients who lived closer to die after starting dialysis. Methods Study population and data sources We conducted this study using data from the Canadian Organ Replacement Register. 2,3 Data are reported to the registry by all dialysis providers in Canada and include demographic, clinical and outcome data that are collected by use of a standardized instrument. The registry has been used to conduct multiple clinical studies involving patients with kidney failure; however, it has never been formally validated. We analyzed data from a random 75% sample of all patients who began dialysis in
American Journal of Kidney Diseases, 2008
Background: Daily hemodialysis (DHD) is associated with improvements in hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, mineral metabolism, nutrition, and quality of life, but efficacy is uncertain because of potential selection bias. To reduce the influence of selection bias, we sought to compare hospital admissions for our population of DHD patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients who initiated training during the same period. We also compared our hospital data with the US Renal Data Service database. at our center and remained in our program for at least 6 months.