ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THREE INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS – AN IN VITRO STUDY (original) (raw)
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Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2006
The antibacterial activities of 100 extracts of 50 Indian plant species were tested against six medically important bacterial strains, viz., B. cereus, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, K. pneumoniae, A. fecalis and P. aeruginosa. antibacterial assay was done by both agar disc diffusion method and agar well diffusion method. The antibacterial activity exhibited by alcoholic extract was better than the aqueous extract. The results evaluated as the diameter of the inhibition zone of microbial growth showed that the extracts were more active against gram-positive bacteria than gram-negative bacteria. Amongst the investigated microorganisms, the most resistant bacteria were P. aeruginosa and A. fecalis. The most susceptible bacteria were gram-positive B. cereus and gram-negative K. pneumoniae, and the maximum activity was shown by T. chebula, M. indica and E. citriodora.
Studies on antibacterial activity of four medicinal plants
The present investigation has been carried out to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of Acorus calamus rhizome, Alpinia galanga rhizome, Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark, Piper cubeba fruit, against two gram positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and two gram negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) organisms respectively. Antibacterial activity was assessed by agar disc diffusion method. The activity of the extracts was measured by zone of inhibition and compared with a standard antibiotic Gentamicin. Among the various concentrations (50, 100, 150 µg/ml), 150µg/ml was found to be very effective. From the data of the results obtained in the present study, it can be concluded that, among the four plants selected, ethanol extracts of Acorus calamus and Alpinia galanga have given scopeful results against the microorganisms selected. Even though the extracts of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Piper cubeba have antibacterial activity, at low concentration there was no appreciable activity.
Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of selected indigenous medicinal plants
2020
Herbal medicine refers to the use of any plant's seeds, berries, roots, leaves, bark, or flowers for medicinal purposes. Along with other dosage forms, herbal drugs are also formulated in the form of ointment. An ointment is a viscous semisolid preparation used topically on a variety of body surfaces. The objective of the study was to evaluate the Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical and evaluation of the antimicrobial herbal ointment from the different extracts of dried leaves of selected medicinal plants like Aerva Lanata, Bauhinia variegata, Acmella uliginosa. The anti-Microbial properties of extracts were evaluated by Agar well diffusion method using gram positive bacteria like Staphylococus aureus, Bacillus subtilius, gram negative bacteria like Escherichia coli, Klebseilia pneumonia. Amongst the test extracts, the results suggested that, Methonolic extracts showed significant anti-Microbial activity compared with standard drug. Plants show high efficiency of antimicrobial acti...
Antimicrobial Activity of Plants Traditionally Used as Medicines Against Some Pathogens
2010
The antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC) of various plant extracts in different solvents such as ethanol (98%), hexane (99%) and distilled water of plants traditionally used as medicines as Bidens pilosa L., Bixa orellana L., Cecropia peltata L., Cinchona officinalis L., Gliricidia sepium, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Justica secunda Vahl., Piper pulchrum, P. paniculata L. and Spilanthes americana were evaluated against five bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus β hemolytic, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and fungus Candidia albicans. These plants are used in Indian folk medicine to treat infections of microbial origin.
Comparative study of the phytochemicals and in vitro antimicrobial potential of six medicinal plants
2019
This study sought to investigate the antimicrobial activity of sixBackground: plants used in traditional medicine in Africa. The antimicrobial activity of the six medicinal plant extracts (aqueousMethods: and ethanol) were evaluated against (ATCC 21784), Proteus mirabilis (ATCC27856) were using thePseudomonas aeruginosa Aspergillus fumigatus agar-well diffusion protocol. The activities of these extracts were compared with the positive controls chloramphenicol and griseofulvin. Similarly, the phytochemicals from the extracts were qualitatively assayed and their percentage yield calculated by standard methods. The bacterial organisms used, and , wereResults: P. mirabilis P. aeruginosa slightly-to-highly susceptible to aqueous and ethanolic extracts from the various test plants, while was insensitive to the treatments. The ethanolic A. fumigatus extracts of the sampled plants showed superior inhibitory performance on the target bacteria to the aqueous extracts. Aqueous and eth...
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Potential of Some Indian Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2016
Introduction: Stereospermum suaveolens Roxb., Viscum articulatum Burm., Annona squamosa, Capsicum annuum cayenne, Ananas comosus Merrill. are used for the management of microbial infection in Ayurveda. The present study was designed to standardize the extract of S. suaveolens bark (SSB), V. articulatum aerial part (VAAP), A. squamosa leaf (ASL), C. annuum fruit (CACF), A. comosus fruit (ACF) and performed antibacterial activity. Methods: The antibacterial activity of the five extracts were evaluated against certain bacteria such as B. subtilis, B. cereus, S. aureus (gram positive); E. coli, S. typhi, and P. aureugenosa (gram negative) by disc diffusion method, time course assay, pH sensitivity assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) through broth micro-dilution method. Results: The plants extracts VAAP, ASL, and CACF showed potent inhibitory activity against S. aureus with MIC 728, 742, and 698 µg ml-1 , respectively, while CACF showed inhibitory activity against B. subtilis with MIC 690 µg ml-1. The results further demonstrated that the inhibitory activity of CACF against E. coli with MIC 760 µg ml-1. P. aeruginosa was inhibited by ASL and CACF with MIC 1100 and 1120 µg ml-1 , respectively. The ASL showed notable MBC against the tested microorganism. Moreover, all extracts were completely inactivated bacterial strains (except B. cereus, S. typhi) within 2-10 h of exposure, determined by time course assay. Conclusion: The outcomes of our study elucidate that standardized extracts of A. comosus, A. squamosa, C. annuum, S. suaveolens, and V. articulatum may be used as natural antimicrobial agents.
Preliminary screening of antimicrobial properties of few medicinal plants
The Journal of Phytology, 2010
Crude extracts were prepared from the leaves of ten medicinal plants viz., Alpinia galanga, Artabotrys uncinatus, Commelina benghalensis, Costus igneus, Euphorbia cyathopora, Justicia gendarussa, Kalanchoe pinnata, Panicum antidotale, Sauropus androgynous and Hibiscus using methanol as solvent and screened for their antibacterial activity against ten bacterial pathogens. The tested gram positive bacterial strains were Bacillus cerus, Bacillus megaterium, Micrococcus leuteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus lactis , and gram negative strains were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhimurium . Among the ten plants tested, the methanol extracts of Alpinia galanga , Artabotrys uncinatus, Costus igneus and Yellow Hibiscus exhibited higher antibacterial activity when compared to the other plant extracts. These four plant extracts were further used for the phytochemical analysis. Results of the phytochemical analysi...
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 2012
Objective: The present study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of 21 crude extracts from leaf and flower of Aristolochia indica (A. indica), Cassia angustifolia (C.angustifolia), leaf of Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus), Diospyros melanoxylon (D.melanoxylon), Dolichos biflorus (D. biflorus), Gymnema sylvestre (G. sylvestre) and Justicia procumbens (J. procumbens). Methods: The ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extract of medicinal plants were evaluated against Gram-positive Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) and Gram-negative bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila), Enterobacter aerogenes (E. aerogenes), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) by using well diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results: The crude plant extracts demonstrated broad spectrum activity against all bacteria. The highest inhibitory zone was observed in leaf methanol extract of A. indica against E. aerogenes (25 mm), and E. coli (20 mm), flower methanol extract of C. angustifolia against B. cereus (22 mm) and leaf acetone extract of G. sylvestre against B. cereus (22mm). The MIC values of leaf methanol extract of A. indica against K. pneumonia (22.6 毺 g/ ml), and flower extract showed against E. coli (MIC: 24.2 毺 g/ml), leaf ethyl acetate extract of C. angustifolia against K. pneumoniae (MIC: 28.4 毺 g/ml). Acetone ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of D. melanoxylon and D. biflorus showed the lowest MIC activity value of >30 毺 g/ml against all tested pathogens. Conclusion: The antibacterial activity could be confirmed in most species used in traditional medicine in South India. Nevertheless, traditional knowledge might provide some leads to elucidate potential candidates for future development of new antibiotic agents.