Antimicrobial efficacy of cordless sonic or ultrasonic devices on Enterococcus faecalis‐ infected root canals (original) (raw)
Related papers
International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 2013
Microorganisms are the primary cause for both pulpal and periapical diseases. Endodontic practice involves a systematic procedure primarily aimed to achieve the highest possible success rate by eliminating the potential causes Cleaning and disinfection procedure plays one of the essential steps that involves mechanical instrumentation and use of endodontic irrigants 2. Although with the paradigm shift from multivisit to single visit endodontic procedure; mechan instrumentation focuses on the primary root canal system, leaving the ramifications (lateral, accessory canals) untouched; which harbor microorganisms 3. Thus the irrigants play a vital role to disinfect the complex root canal system An ideal irrigant should have potent antimicrobial activity, dissolving of remaining pulp tissues with no systemic hazards, reducing instrument friction during mechanical preparation and availability 5. Sodium hypochlorite (N has widely been accepted as a root canal irrigant since its first reported use by Walker in 1936 6 .
Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis from Root Canals: An Ex Vivo Study
Brazilian Dental Journal, 2015
Endodontic irrigation aims to clean and disinfect the root canal system. Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) is based on the use of an ultrasound-activated instrument into the root canal filled with irrigant. The aim of this study was to evaluate, ex vivo, the effectiveness of PUI in eliminating Enterococcus faecalis from root canals. Seventy-five extracted human single-root teeth were used. After root canal preparation, specimens were inoculated with E. faecalis and incubated at 37 °C for 21 days. Specimens were distributed into five groups (n=15), according to the irrigation method: PUI + saline solution (PUI/SS); PUI + 1% NaOCl (PUI/NaOCl); conventional needle irrigation (CNI) + saline solution (CNI/SS); CNI + 1% NaOCl (CNI/NaOCl); No irrigation (control). Microbiological samples were collected at three time points: initial (21 days after inoculation), post-irrigation (immediately after irrigation), and final (7 days after irrigation). Data were obtained in CFU mL-1 and subjected to analysis by ANOVA and Tukey's tests at 5% significance level. The post-irrigation samples did not demonstrate statistical difference between PUI/SS and CNI/SS nor between PUI/NaOCl and CNI/NaOCl (p>0.05), but PUI/NaOCl and CNI/ NaOCl had lower CFU mL-1 number than the other groups (p>0.05). Statistically significant difference was observed between the initial and post-irrigation samples and between the post-irrigation and final samples (p<0.05) in all groups, except in the control. The final samples of all groups presented bacterial counts similar to the initial samples. PUI or CNI with 1% NaOCl contribute to disinfection, but are unable to eradicate E. faecalis from the root canal system.
Impact of Different Irrigant Agitation Methods on Bacterial Elimination from Infected Root Canals
Dentistry Journal, 2019
Activation techniques are essential for root canal disinfection but may result in incomplete removal of bacteria. The aim of our study was to assess the antibacterial action of sonically, ultrasonically and laser-activated irrigation and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on Enterococcus faecalis in an infected tooth. Forty-four extracted mandibular premolars were mechanically prepared, sterilized, and inoculated with E. faecalis for 1 week. Bacterial counts after inoculation were evaluated in 4 randomly chosen teeth, remaining root canals were divided into 4 groups. Group A: laser-activated irrigation by photon-induced photoacoustic streaming, Group B: the sonic irrigation by EDDY, Group C: ultrasonic irrigation by EndoUltra, and Group D: 5.25% NaOCl. Colony forming unit (CFU) counts were measured and Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Wilcoxon, Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests were used to determine differences. The mean of CFU was found to significantly decrease in group D, 2110 ± 1015.93 (...
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 2021
Background: Irrigants and intracanal medicaments form a necessary adjunct that enhances the antimicrobial effect of mechanical cleansing and thus augments overall clinical efficacy. Hence; the present study was undertaken for analyzing and comparing the efficacy of three endodontic irrigating solutions against Enterococcus Faecalis. Materials & methods: A total of thirty single rooted mandibular first premolar specimens were included. Sectioning of the specimens was done at cement-enamel junction level. Instrumentation of the root canals was done with rotary instruments to an apical size of ProTaper F3. Vertical sectioning of all the specimens was done along the mid-sagittal plane into two halves. All the specimens were divided into following study groups: Group A: 5% Sodium hypochlorite, Group B: 0.2% Chitosan and Group C: Saline. Inoculation of the bacterium was done in the broth in all the tissue culture wells. The biofilm on root canal surface was taken with a sterile scalpel and inoculated on agar plates and incubated. Colony forming units were then analyzed. Analysis of all the results was done using SPSS software. Results: Mean CFU among specimens of group A, group B and group C were found to be 0.59, 2.118 and 90.184 respectively. While analyzing the results statistically, significant results were obtained. Conclusion: Sodium hypochlorite exhibited maximum efficacy against Enterococcus Faecalis.
International Endodontic Journal, 2006
Aim To evaluate the efficacy of 0.5%, 2.5% and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as intracanal irrigants associated with hand and rotary instrumentation techniques against Enterococcus faecalis within root canals and dentinal tubules.Methodology A total of 180 extracted human premolar teeth were infected for 21 days with E. faecalis. The specimens were divided into 12 groups, as follows: group 1: 5.25% NaOCl + Hybrid technique (Valdrighi et al. 1998); group 2: 5.25% NaOCl + nickel–titanium (NiTi) rotary technique 4 mm shorter than the apex (by FOP‐UNICAMP); group 3: 5, 25% NaOCl + NiTi rotary technique (Hero 642); group 4: 2.5% NaOCl +Hybrid technique; group 5: 2.5% NaOCl + NiTi rotary technique 4 mm shorter than the apex; group 6: 2.5% NaOCl + NiTi rotary technique (Hero 642); group 7: 0.5% NaOCl + Hybrid technique; group 8: 0.5% NaOCl + NiTi rotary technique 4 mm shorter than the apex; group 9: 0.5% NaOCl + NiTi rotary technique (Hero 642); group 10: sterile saline solution + Hy...
2017
Objective: To compare the reduction of E. faecalis counts in root canals produced by irrigation with distilled water, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, and combinations of solutions, in vitro. Study Design: Study sample included sixty mandibular premolar teeth mounted in dental stone. Root canals were prepared using crown down technique under distilled water irrigation. Specimens were sterilized overnight by ethylene oxide gas. Each canal was completely filled up with the E. faecalis suspension and incubated at 37oC for 24 hours. Root canals were irrigated with the test solutions. A volume of 5ml of the tested irrigant was used for each sample with an exposure period of 5 minutes. 10 ml of distilled water was used as final irrigant in all the samples. Canals were sampled before and after irrigation. After serial dilutions, samples were plated onto Mitis salivarius agar, and the colony forming units were counted. Results were analyzed by Chi-square test, Fisher’s...
International Endodontic Journal, 1997
The effectiveness of 4.0% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) used with three irrigation methods in the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis from the root canal was tested in vitro. Root canals contaminated with E. faecalis were treated as follows: (i) irrigation with 2 mL of NaOCl solution and agitation with hand files; (ii) irrigation with 2 mL of NaOCl solution and ultrasonic agitation; (iii) irrigation with NaOCl alternated with hydrogen peroxide. Contaminated canals irrigated with sterile saline solution served as the control. Paper points used to sample bacteria from the root canals were transferred to tubes containing 5 mL of brain heart infusion (BHI) broth. Tubes were incubated and the appearance of broth turbidity was indicative of bacteria remaining in the root canal. There were no statistically significant differences between the experimental groups. However, NaOCl applied by the three methods tested, was significantly more effective than the saline solution (control group) in disinfecting the root canal.
Journal of Functional Biomaterials
The aim of endodontic therapy is to use various antimicrobial medications for proper cleaning and shaping to create an environment free of microorganisms by eradicating as many as possible from the root canal space. Even although it is a gold standard irrigant, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is known for its cytotoxic effects on vital periapical tissues, making its higher concentrations inappropriate for use in conditions such as wide, underdeveloped, or damaged apices and in cases of perforations. Consequently, if it is ascertained that a gel form of sodium hypochlorite has equivalent antibacterial activity to the aqueous solution form, it could be employed in such situations. The aim of this study was the microbiologic evaluation of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite gel and aqueous solution as root canal disinfectants in multirooted teeth with primary endodontic lesions. Following ethical approval and CTRI registration, 42 patients who gave their consent and had multirooted teeth with pulpal...
Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences, 2021
Introduction: Enterococcus faecalis is a gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacterium associated with persistent endodontic infections. Conventional disinfection methods may not completely eradicate the bacteria within the root canal system. Therefore, novel modalities have been suggested to optimize root canal disinfection. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the antibacterial effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and their combination in addition to conventional endodontic irrigation against E. faecalis biofilms in root canals. Methods: Root canals of 50 single-rooted extracted human teeth were prepared and incubated with E. faecalis for 21 days. They were then divided into 4 treatment groups and a control group as follows: (1) NaOCl—Syringe irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl, (2) PUI—Passive ultrasonic irrigation with NaOCl, (3) NaOCl+PDT—Photodynamic therapy following syringe irrigation with NaOCl, (4) PUI+PDT, (5) Control—Syringe irri...