Computerized static posturography and laterality in children. Influence of age (original) (raw)
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The present study investigates balance control mechanisms, their variations with the absence of visual input, and their development in children from 7 to 11 years old, in order to provide insights on the development of balance control in the pediatric population.
Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences
Background: Postural stability is defined as a resistance of the body posture to exogenous and endogenous disturbances that can be caused by both environmental variability and by person’s motor activity. Materials and methods: A group of 43 primary school boys aged 14 years was examined. The subjects regularly attended physical education classes for four hours a week: two hours of standard physical education and two hours of training in their football club. First, body height and weight were measured and the laterality of the lower limbs was diagnosed using the Step Forward Test. The static balance was evaluated using the modified Flamingo Balance Test (FBT), whereas the dynamic balance was evaluated using the Y-Balance Test (YBT). The SFTR method was employed to measure the range of motion of the joints of the lower limbs. Results: The results of static balance assessment obtained with the modified FBT for the left lower limb did not differ statistically from the results for the ri...
International journal of sports physical therapy, 2014
Although dynamic postural control is a prerequisite to the development of fundamental movement skills in children, few studies have examined the feasibility and reliability of assessment techniques that measure dynamic postural control in youth under 13 years of age. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and reliability of the Lower Quarter Y Balance Test (YBT-LQ) in children and to examine the reproducibility of these measures across developmental periods of childhood. 188 subjects in first through fifth grades (age = 6.9 to 12.1 yr) performed the YBT-LQ on two occasions in a field-based setting. Reach distances and cumulative score (sum of 3 directions) were measured and analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Sub-cohorts of 14 and 8 subjects were used to assess inter-rater reliability within-session and between-session, respectively. The overall ICC was moderate-to-good for the anterior (right=0.82; left=0.82), posteromedial (righ...
AGE-AND GENDER-RELATED CHANGES IN THE POSTURAL STABILITY OF HEALTHY CHILDREN
Comptes rendus de l'Académie bulgare des sciences: sciences mathématiques et naturelles
We studied the postural stability of 176 healthy children (90 boys and 86 girls) aged between 5 and 10 years during quiet stance with eyes open and eyes closed and we measured their height and weight. The mean radius vector length of the centre-of-foot pressure (COP) in horizontal plane under the feet was used for evaluation of postural stability. The groups of boys and girls were stratified in one-year interval and the factors age, gender and vision for the standing balance were evaluated. We found that girls are swaying less than boys during age interval of 5–8 years. The adult-like use of vision for the standing balance was reached at the age of 10 years. We also found evidence that the turning point of the postural strategy of quiet stance is at the age of 8 years and it was more expressed in girls following an increase of sway with vision at the age of 7 years. At the age of 8 years we found an increased postural sway and a change in the use of vision in girls that coincides wi...
Development of postural balance in Brazilian children aged 4-10 years compared to young adults
Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, 2016
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n4p419 The aim of the present study was to analyze the development of postural balance in 4- to 10-year-old Brazilian children, compared to a group of young adults under normal and deprived visual conditions. Body sway was assessed through average velocity and sway range at the center of pressure (CoP) in the anteroposterior and medio-lateral directions, obtained on a force platform (AMTI, Inc.). Sample was composed of 153 children (of seven different age groups) and 47 adults. Inter-group comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test at 5% significance level. The results showed that starting at 9 and 10 years of age, CoP velocity and displacement values for children were similar to values for adults under restricted visual conditions; however, there were differences between children and adults. The findings suggest that visual stimulation plays a prominent role in the balance of individuals up to 10 years of...
Biomedical Human Kinetics, 2015
SummaryStudy aim: the aim of this study was to determine how body height, body weight, and moderate physical activity affected postural stability in young schoolchildren.Materials and methods: the study population consisted of 148 primary school pupils. To assess postural stability, we used the CQStab2P stabilometric equipment (the bi-platform version), and an assessment of physical activity was conducted via questionnaire.Results: the study revealed that both greater body weight and greater body height positively affected postural stability in the studied population. We found a low, yet significant correlation regarding postural stability in children who attended sports classes. In the cases of path length and mean amplitude of sway with eyes closed, the children who were more active in sports had better vertical postural stability. We did not find any relationships between static balance and the number of sports classes attended in a week, or with participating in extra academic c...
Journal of Sports Research, 2015
Introduction: The ability to maintain one's balance plays vital role during the activities of daily living. Efficient maintenance of body balance is determined by the number and type of stimuli providing information on a body position. The aim of this study was to analyze the ability to maintain balance in 7to 12-year-old children. We analyzed the extent and direction of changes in balancing skills related to subject's age and stability of a posturographic surface. Material and methods: The study included 266 children aged between 7 and 12 years. The level of static balance was determined with a posturographic method, with a child standing with the eyes open, first on a stable, and then on an unstable position. Results: The children aged between 7 and 8 years presented lower levels of static balance. The level of balancing skills turned out to be higher in the case of 9-to 12-year-old children. Reduced stability of a posturographic surface resulted in greater difficulties in maintaining balance. This change was observed regardless of a subject's age and manifested as an increase in the area developed by the center of pressure and greater variability of both the velocity and number of sways in the sagittal and frontal plane. The change of the posturographic surface into an unstable one resulted in greater instability in both the frontal and sagittal plane. The increase in the area developed by the center of pressure reflected higher velocity and greater number of sways.
The effects of postural control to gender differences in children
International Journal of Human Sciences, 2012
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of gender differences on children's static balance parameters. A total number of 60 children (girls group N=30, boys group N=30) aged 9-11 who had been never involved in any sport activities before, took part in this study voluntarily. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight) and bilateral, unilateral static balance tests were conducted on the both groups. For statistical comparison of the students, t test was used. When bilateral (EO, EC) and unilateral (left leg) static balance parameters of boys were compared to the balance parameters of girls, it was found statisticaly significant (p<0.05). No statistical differences were found for Romberg test (perimeter ratio, area ratio) and unilateral (right leg) static balance of the subjects between genders. (p>0.05). It was stated that 1) boys spend more time outside than the girls and that's why their physical suitability was higher than the girls, 2) although they aren't involved in any sport professionally, they play team games like soccer, basketball more than girls. It can be concluded that physical activity increases muscle strength of boys and affect their balance performance positively.
Postural balance measurements for children and adolescents
Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 1998
Measurements of standing balance were determined for 92 children and adolescents, 5-18 years old, while they stood on a forcc plate with eyes open or eyes closed. The measurements included center-ofpressure calculations for path length per second, average radial displacement, anterior-posterior and mediolateral amplitudes, area per second, mean frequency of sway: Brownian random motion measure of short-term diffusion coefficient. and long-term scaling exponent. All balance parameters improved from voungest to oldest subjects, and the parameters improved when measured with the subjects' eyes open compared with closed. The mean values for data from three trials varied by only 5% when compared with the mean values from 10 trials. Data from this study suggest that force-plate center-of-pressure data can be used to determine differences in standing balancc between children and adolescents of different ages and those wilh movement and balance abnormalities.