Integrative processes in agricultural marketing channels (original) (raw)
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Agricultural Marketing Channels: Determinants of Contract Choice
1997
Department of Economics and Marketing Discussion Paper No.32 Agricultural Marketing Channels: Determinants of Contract Choice Tony Zwart Fraser McLeay July 1997 Department of Economics and Marketing PO Box 84 Lincoln University CANTERBURY Telephone No: (64 ...
Economic Annals-ХХI, 2019
Over the past decade, Africa and other developing regions have been in the midst of tremendous changes. Market liberalisation and governmental decentralisation policies have interfaced with globalisation and urbanisation trends to dramatically transform social, political, economic and cultural lives. Agriculture can no longer remain behindserving only to meet subsistence food needs. Agriculture has to become a dynamic and integral part of the market economy. If African agriculture is bypassed by the economic transformation going on world wide, then large numbers of Africans and perhaps all of Africa will remain poor and food insecure. The fundamental purpose behind the FAO initiative to strengthening farmagribusiness linkages is to help transform the agricultural sector in order to accelerate productivity growth, increase income and employment generation, improve food security, and increase competitiveness in regional and international trade. In 2001 and 2002 five country case studies on farm-agribusiness linkages were undertaken in Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, Uganda and South Africa. The main purpose of the studies was to get an insight into current farm-agribusiness linking arrangements. This included identifying and analysing successful linkages highlighting different methods and practices as well as exploring key factors that have led to successful partnerships. The country studies also contained a brief agribusiness sector overview. The work in Africa began with preparation of five case studies which are presented as summary results as well as individually. FAO work on farm-agribusiness linkages emerged from a broader cross-regional study on farm-agribusiness linkages launched in 2000. The first stage was a series of country studies and a regional consultation in Asia. During 2001 and 2002, case studies and a regional workshop on agribusiness linkages were carried out in Latin America. This was followed by a workshop on strategies for improving negotiation and compliance capabilities, held in November 2002 in Peru. An expert consultation on strengthening farm-agribusiness linkages in Africa was held in March 2003 in Nairobi, Kenya.
Is Livestock Marketing Channel Utilisation Influenced by Marketing Orientations of Beef Farmers ?
Major changes have occurred in recent years to alter fundamentally the distribution of meat and livestock in the UK. These changes have been brought about by a range of social and economic pressures, technological advances and legislative controls. All of these changes may impinge on aggregate marketing channel utilisation. Significant pressures are facing channel members across the meat and supply chain from livestock producer to retailer. However, very little is known about farm marketing behaviour and strategic groupings of beef producers in relation to the channels they select. If farmers are to secure quality and price advantages and exploit new marketing opportunities it is essential to gain a better understanding of the choice criteria and the linkages between farm/farmer types in relation to the channels that producers select.
Marketing Channel Selection by Smallholder Farmers
This article aims at analyzing Beninese smallholder famers’ selection of high value markets, such as export and processing-oriented marketing channels, in the pineapple supply chain. Four main marketing channels were investigated: rural, urban, and export fresh pineapple markets and processing-oriented markets. Primary data collected from 285 pineapple farmers through a field survey in different locations in South Benin were used to analyze simultaneous selection of multiple channels. A multivariate probit approach has been used in our empirical strategy. Farmers’ characteristics, production systems features, quality attributes, and types of marketing context have been used as main explanatory variables. Results indicate the Beninese pineapple farmers select market channels with high values when they have the expertise and know-how for coping and complying with quality issues.
Market Structure in Agricultural Industries: An Emerging Policy Issue?
1988
A few months ago the Sunday New York Times raised the question, "A Meatpacker Cartel Up Ahead?" (Robbins). At about the same time, in an article discussing the sale of the Farr Feedlot in Greeley, Colorado, to National Farms, a Bass brothers operation, the Ohio Farmers Union newsletter stated, "What had been a textbook case of many firms engaging in price competition is converting into industrial-style oligopoly." A couple of months earlier, an article in FarmFutures reported, "Of ... immediate concern to producers. . are fears that (the) trend toward fewer packers will soon lead to a less competitive market for their livestock" (Charlier). These and other stories in the popular press could lead one to believe that, after several years of docile acceptance of industrial merger delirium, the public has come to realize that there might be a societal interest in the structure of markets. My purposes are to: 1. examine the extent to which concentration of market power exists, 2. briefly review how the welfare of society is affected and 3. identify some policy options for dealing with market structure if, indeed, it draws new attention as a public policy issue. Market Structure as a Policy Issue This issue deals with the concentration of market, or economic power, among a few, relatively large business firms. Economic traditionalists refer to this as monopoly or variants thereof. More recent economic thought encompasses aggregate or conglomerate concentration (Caswell; Mueller). John Kenneth Galbraith in his twentyyear reflection on his seminal work, The New Industrial State, called it ". .. the promiscuous exercise of power in modern economic life by the large enterprise" (1988, p. 376). A.C. Hoffman in his 1980 fellows address to the American Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA) stated, "The rise of economic power and its replacement of the Invisible Hand of Adam Smith as the regulator of economic activity is surely one of the most important 99 brought to you by CORE View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk
The Impact of Marketing Channels on Farmers' income: An empirical Study of Afghan Grape Farmers
IJRAR23B3644 , 2023
Countries' economies do not only depend on domestic production and trade, but also marketing channels, which makes it important to study a countries potential in the production, and export of key products. Whether products can be price competitive, the marketing windows and potential markets are important areas to consider in each and every production area. However, in both international and domestics markets, different marketing contracts are used, making the question of which contracts to use, an important question to be answered. Studying the marketing conditions of fruits is important because they are easily perishable as compared to other products. Whether sold fresh or processed (dried or reserved), good markets and marketing windows are to be strategically chosen as they are some of the main determinants of both positive and negative returns on farmers. In addition, contracts chosen by farmers through this process play an important role on returns. Marketing contracts affect marketing the selling speed and pricing of products. Marketing contract can be different in terms of efficiency and effectives. Afghanistan is one of the biggest grape growing countries in the world with farms covering over one third of fruit farms. Afghan grapes have been grown for centuries and they play an important role in the Afghan economy. Afghan grapes are exported annually to most parts of the world including the UAE, England, France, Japan and East Asia. However, poor cultivation practices and marketing systems have led to poor quality of grape produce and hue losses. While most research has been done on improving grape cultivation through improved farm practices, there is still a gap on the effectiveness and efficiency of marketing contracts in the Afghan grape industry. According to the data of FAO in 1998, 30-40% of grape growers in Afghanistan suffer from farmer's income loss due to improper selection of marketing channels every year. However, few studies focus on the impact of marketing channel selection on welfare of grape growers in Afghanistan. Therefore, to explore the grape growers' marketing channel choice and its welfare effect has become an important practical and academic issue. Based on this, this paper uses the survey data of 150 Afghan grape growers, and uses the BFG (Bourguignon Fournier Gurgand) method to explore the influencing factors of different sales channels for Afghan grape growers, as well as the influence of different sales channels on Farmers' welfare. There are three marketing channels considered in this paper: one is that farmers sign sales contracts with farmers' organizations, the other is that farmers sign sales contracts with traders, and the third is that farmers sell directly without signing sales contracts with any organizations. Following the above research ideas, the conclusions and policy recommendations of this paper mainly include: (1) Among the 150 grape growers in the three provinces of Kabul, Parwan and Kapisa in Afghanistan, the possibility of contract signing between farmers in Kabul and traders is lower, and that between farmers in Parwan and Kapisa and farmers' organizations is higher. 26.67% of farmers signed contracts with farmers' organizations, 45.33% of farmers signed contracts with traders, and 28.00% of farmers directly carried out market transactions without signing sales contracts. The average age of grape farmers is 30.9 years old, and the average planting period is 10.4 years. (2) The results show that farm distance and Internet use have a significant