The Impact of Sub-valvular Apparatus Preservation on Prosthetic Valve Dysfunction During Mitral Valve Replacement (original) (raw)
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Mitral valve replacement: Randomized trial of St. Jude and medtronic-hall prostheses
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 1992
prostheses Mitral valve replacement: randomized trial of St. Jude and Medtronic Hall http://ats.ctsnetjournals.org/cgi/content/full/66/3/707 on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located Print ISSN: 0003-4975; eISSN: 1552-6259. Southern Thoracic Surgical Association.
Isolated replacement of a prosthesis or a bioprosthesis in the mitral valve position
The American Journal of Cardiology, 1987
The operative results of 249 mitral valvular reoperations performed in 215 patients from 1974 through 1986 were reviewed to identify groups at greater risk. Two to 4 reoperations were performed in 28 patients. The mean interval between the first and second valve procedures was 47 +/- 40 months. The most common indications for reoperation were degeneration of bioprostheses (44%) and thrombosis of mechanical prostheses (26%). Thirty patients (12%) died. This rate was significantly higher (p less than 0.02) than that for primary valve procedures performed during the same period. The mortality rate for elective reoperations was 7%. Mortality rates were higher among patients with prosthetic valve endocarditis (6 of 17 cases, 35%), in those undergoing operation on an emergency basis (19 of 82, 23%) and when tricuspid valve replacement or anuloplasty was also performed (9 of 38, 24%) (p less than 0.02). No significant correlation was found between mortality rates and the age or sex of the patients and the types of prosthesis used originally.
University Heart Journal, 2017
In the early days of mitral valve replacement (MVR), there was an increased rate of mortality associated with low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS). Excision of the sub valvular apparatus (SVA) was one of the reasons for LCOS, as MVR at that time included complete excision of mitral leaflets and SVA that is, chordae tendinae and papillary muscles. Left ventricular function and geometry depend on dynamic interaction between left ventricular wall and mitral annulus which is bridged by SVA. Papillary muscle and chordae moderates wall tension during systole and optimize left ventricular distension during diastole. Interruption of ventricular-papillary-annular complex by excision of SVA during MVR thus causes impairment of normal ventricular stress-strain pattern and thus eventually leads to impaired left ventricular function and low cardiac output. In the early sixties Lillehei and his collegues capitalized on the fact and suggested that the high mortality rate associated with MVR could be reduced by preserving the papillary muscles and chorda tendenae. He preserved the posterior leaflet during MVR and noted a decreased incidence of post operative low output syndrome 1 .
Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases, 2008
Object. -The French Cardiology Society (SFC) systematically recommends (Class I) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) after any mitral valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis (MMVR). Taking into account the increasing workload of echocardiography laboratories, our attitude was to propose that only post-operative transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is performed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible risks of this simplified procedure. Methods. -We performed a precise analysis of one full year of practice of MMVR with exhaustive follow-up for the first 2 years concentrating on thromboembolic complications. Results. -From January to December 2003, 84 MMVRs (46 after rheumatic fever, 22 degenerative disease, 11 infective endocarditis (IE) and 5 ischemia) were conducted in 45 women and 39 men of average age 61 years. Early mortality (< 30 days) concerned 5 patients (5.9%). A control TTE to determine normal prosthetic function was performed 7±2 days after surgery and this revealed 2 cases of nonobstructive thrombosis which were treated medically, 3 cases of paraprosthetic regurgitation, and 1 vegetation due to underlying IE. Actuarial survival was 90.5% at 1 year and 83.3% at 2 years. After a mean follow-up of 179.3 patient-years, 5 patients were reoperated (5.9%): 1 for IE, 1 for paravalvular regurgitation, 1 for mitral valve insufficiency with haemolysis, and 2 for obstructive prosthetic valve thromboses. In addition there were 2 cases of prosthetic valve thrombosis, 8 ischemic strokes (2 ministrokes, 6 sequelar strokes), and 1 peripheral embolism. The global thromboembolic complication rate was therefore 6.1 per 100 patient-years (n=11). There were 4 hemorrhagic events, i.e. a rate of 2.2 events per 100 patient-years. 63% of the 1193 INR conducted were within the target range (3-4.5), 26% were below 3 and 11% were greater than 4.5. 35 % of patients with thromboembolic complications had an INR < 3. * J.-F. Obadia, Département de chirurgie cardiaque et transplantation, Hôpital Cardiothoracique Louis-Pradel, 28, av. du Doyen-Lépine,
Circulation, 2001
Background-In this retrospective study, Ϸ440 patients received mitral valve replacements with the St Jude Medical prothesis. The last patient was operated on 10 years before the beginning of the follow-up. The extended follow-up was 19 years. Methods and Results-Four hundred forty patients (sex ratio, 1.32 [men to women]; age, 60Ϯ11.4 years; age range, 7 to 75 years) were operated on from 1979 to 1987. All patients underwent isolated mitral valve replacement. Tricuspid plasty was the only associated procedure. The follow-up at 19 years was 98% complete. The overall actuarial survival rate was 63Ϯ3.3% at 19 years, and the actuarial survival rate (only valve related) was 83Ϯ2.7%. The operative mortality rate (0 to 30 days) was 4.09%. We found that 89.4% of the patients alive at 19 years were in NYHA class I/II. Multivariate analysis showed that age and sex were significantly correlated with valve-related mortality and that age, sex, NYHA class, and atrial fibrillation were significantly correlated with overall mortality. The linearized rates (percent patient-years) of thromboembolism, thrombosis, and hemorrhage were 0.69, 0.2, and 1, respectively. At 19 years, freedom from endocarditis and reoperation was 98.6Ϯ1% and 90Ϯ3%, respectively. Conclusions-In this study, the very-long-term results confirm the excellent durability of the St Jude Medical prosthesis in the mitral position and show the difficulty of adjusting the anticoagulation protocol, even after long-term treatment.