Properties of particleboards made of agricultural by-products with a classical binder or self-bound (original) (raw)
Related papers
Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, 2017
Because the timber market is more and more competitive, the particleboard manufacturers are looked for new sources of vegetal raw material supply. In the same time, the use of healthier, safer and more environmentally friendly materials become a priority in the building sector. In this context, some agricultural byproducts as annual plant stems can be an interesting alternative. In fact these resources are abundant, renewable and safe raw material. Moreover their porous structure gives them interesting properties for building materials such as lightness and thermal insulation capacity. In order to diversify raw material supply sources of a particleboard manufacturer, two agricultural byproducts have been studied: flax shives and sunflower bark. The particleboards are made at a laboratory scale by thermocompression of vegetal raw particles at a target density of 500 kg.m-3. Two particle sizes have been compared in the panels for each agroresource: 0.5-2 mm and 2-5mm. The vegetal particles are bonded by different methods:-without addition of any binder. In that case water is sprayed on the vegetal particles before the forming process at 80% w/w. The lignocellulosic compounds contained in the agroresources can act as binders.-with a biosourced binder based on casein, incorporated at different rates with the vegetal particles. The observed mechanical behavior (by bending test and internal bond) for the particleboards can be very different in function of the agroresource, the particle size and the binder used. The different materials are also compared by their thermal properties and their behavior with water. By using a biobased binder the mechanical properties of the particleboards are very better. For all studied properties, panels made with flax shives present better properties than these made with sunflower bark so flax shives seem more suitable for particleboard manufacturing. Butwith optimization of the formulation and the process, both studied agroresources could be used in particleboards for applications as furniture or door panel and efficient 100% biobased panels can be obtained.
100% Biobased Particleboards Based on New Agricultural Wastes
Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, 2015
The agriculture in France offers exceptional wastes that can be recycled and turned into biomaterials. This paper presents a comparison between the properties of particleboards made from different agricultural wastes (hemp and flax shives, sunflower bark and rape straw) and those of classical particleboards based on wood. The use of these new agroresources as materials could increase the potential supplies for this application and could provide an additional source of income for farmers. The particleboards are made by thermocompression without synthetic binder addition. Thermal insulation, mechanical and hygroscopic properties of the panels are measured and discussed with regard to the used agricultural resources.
In this study, three layers particleboards are produced from a mixture of poppy husk (Papaver somniferum Linnaeus) and black pine wood (Pinus nigra var. Pallasiana) at certain ratios utilizing urea formaldehyde (UF) adhesive and hardener. Five types of 18 mm thick panels with an average density of 0.68 g.cm-3 are manufactured with different raw material ratios (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). All panels are tested for physical properties density, moisture content and mechanical properties resistance to axial withdrawal of screws and surface soundness of particleboards. The results have shown that technological properties of the manufactured particleboards, which are manufactured by using 50% and the less poppy husk particleboards, fulfills the standard of that has been determined in the TS EN 312. Depending on that fact manufactured particleboards can be use furniture, interior design and construction industry. Finding this type of a new application area for poppy husk might have the recycling opportunity of Alkaloid factory waste which has no economical value.
International Journal of Innovative Scientific & Engineering Technologies Research 11(1):97-110, Jan-Mar, 2023
Particle board is a popular choice for construction and furniture because it is affordable. However, the production of particle board traditionally relies on the use of virgin wood, leading to deforestation and environmental degradation. To address this issue, researchers are exploring sustainable options such as utilizing agricultural waste like rice husks, bagasse, straw, sawdust, coconut husk, and jute waste. These materials are readily available in many agricultural regions and can serve as alternatives to virgin wood in the production of particle boards. To reduce the environmental impact of particle board production and maximize their economic value, it is important to utilize waste materials. Evaluating particleboards made from agro-industrial waste involves assessing various attributes including physical, electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. These properties determine the suitability of the particle board for different applications. Physical characteristics like density and moisture content have an impact on durability and stability. Mechanical properties such as bending strength and internal bond strength indicate its loadbearing capacity. The characteristics related to heat transfer and fire safety, such as thermal conductivity and fire resistance, play a crucial role in applications that require insulation from high temperatures. Studies have indicated that agricultural waste materials can be utilized effectively in the manufacturing of particle boards, meeting the necessary criteria for different uses. However, additional research is required to enhance the production process and optimize the properties of these boards.
Floresta e Ambiente
Peanut crop waste (hulls), which have a chemical composition similar to wood, can be considered as a source of industrial raw material for the production of particleboard, provided that they are of similar quality to wooden panels. The present study aimed to produce and evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of medium density particleboards made of peanut hulls and pine wood particles bonded with urea-formaldehyde adhesive. The panels did not present satisfactory dimensional stability. The mechanical properties were significantly reduced with the addition of peanut hulls. In general, peanut hulls did not represent a good alternative to be used as a source of raw material for the production of particleboard. The inclusion of new parameters in the production process would be essential to improve the technological properties, such as: new particle geometries, use of paraffin, particle treatments and inclusion of denser species in the composition of the panels.
Waste Management & Research, 2014
Lignocellulosic wastes resulting from agricultural activities as well as Tetra Pak residues from urban centres can cause significant levels of pollution. A possible action to minimize this problem is to use them in the production of particleboards. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical, mechanical, and hydration properties of particleboards manufactured with the mixture of woody biomass (Cupressus lusitanica, Gmelina arborea, and Tectona grandis) and either agricultural wastes [pineapple leaves (Ananas comosus) and palm residues (Elaeis guineensis)] or Tetra Pak residues (TP). The results show that the particleboards prepared with TP and woody biomass can reduce the swelling and water absorption in up to 40% and 50% compared with particleboards without TP. Also, these particleboards had increased flexure resistance and shear stress (up to 100%) compared with those without TP. On the contrary, particleboards prepared with pineapple leaves in combination with woody biomass showed the lowest mechanical properties, particularly for tensile strength, hardness, glue-line shear, and nail and screw evaluation.
Journal of Composite Materials, 2005
In this study, three-layer particleboards are produced from a mixture of sunflower stalks (Helianthus annuus L.) and poplar wood (Populus alba L.) at certain ratios utilizing urea-formaldehyde (UF) adhesives. Panels with a density of 0.7 g/cm 3are manufactured with the ratios of 25, 50, and 75 percent particles from sunflower stalks or poplar. For comparison, panels are solely manufactured with sunflower stalks and poplar wood. All panels are tested for physical properties (thickness swelling (TS) and water absorption (WA)) and mechanical properties (internal bond (IB), modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and screw holding capacity (SHC)). Results show that all the panels provide properties required by the Turkish standards for general purpose-use particleboards. Furthermore, properties of the panels have improved with the rising percentage of poplar particles in the panels. The combination of sunflower stalks and poplar particles can be used at different ratios a...
Particleboard Based on Rice Husk: Effect of Binder Content and Processing Conditions
Journal of Renewable Materials, 2017
In the development of materials based on renewable resources, the search for lignocellulosic substitutes for wood is one of the biggest challenges that academia and the particleboard and wood industries are facing. In this article, particleboards were processed using rice husk, an agricultural waste, as a substitute for wood. Rice husk without any further treatment was processed into particleboards using phenol-formaldehyde resin as binder. The effect of the processing parameters, pressure and binder content (BC) on the density, water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) was analyzed. The performance of the obtained panels was evaluated in comparison with the US Standard ANSI/ A208.1. Particleboards with 11% of BC met the minimum requirements of MOR and MOE recommended by the ANSI specifications for commercial use, while particleboards with high BC (14%) also accomplished the requirements for industrial use, finding a resourceful use for this agricultural waste.
2015
In this study the influence of adding a blend of tannins extracted from the bark of two Acacia species on the mechanical and physical properties of laboratory particleboards made from UF resin and underutilized raw materials was investigated The comminuted bark of Acacia seyal var. seyal (Ass) and Acacia nilotica spp. tomentosa (Ant) was extracted with hot water (initial temperature was 90°C) using a ratio of 1:6 powdered bark to water (w/v). Their spray dried tannins powder was blended (BT, 1:1) and was added as concentrated solution (35%) to UF resin at three different levels (5%, 10% and 15%, w/w) The obtained panels were evaluated for their mechanical and physical properties according to the BS EN relevant standards. The obtained results revealed an increase in the modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and internal bond strength (IB) of these panels when small amount (5%) of BT was added. In contrast addition of higher percentages (10&15%) was found to decrease ...