Comparism of Effect of using Saw Dust Ash and Banana Leaves Ash as Pozzolan on Engineering Properties of Concretes (original) (raw)
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Rice husk ash (RHA) is an agro waste and a natural pozzolana which is rich in silica and found in abundance globally. This research considered the pozzolanic properties of RHA from Seven different sources in Nigeria (Ogoja, Abakaliki, Adani, Adikpo, Obubra, Makurdi and Vandikya). It is discovered that the elemental chemical composition of this natural pozzolan varies based on their location. Samples from Ogoja were found to have the highest pozzolanic properties followed by Abakaliki, Adani, Adikpo, Obubra, Makurdi and Vandikya. Their silica content was found to be84.55%, 76.3%, 70.12%, 70.11%, 64.67%, 55.55%, and 48.4% respectively. Four out of the seven samples with the highest pozzolanic values were used as partial replacements for ordinary Portland cement at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% replacement levels. Concrete mix ratio of 1:1.5:3 was adopted and the compressive strength values at 28 days were found to be in the range of 37-42N/mm 2 at 5%RHA, 35-39.5N/mm 2 at 10%RHA, 30-34.5N/mm 2 at 15%RHA, 27-29N/mm 2 at 20%RHA, 22-25.6N/mm 2 at 25% RHA and 21-24N/mm 2 at 30% RHA compared to the controlled sample with a strength value of 42.64N/mm 2 .
Saudi Journal of Civil Engineering
The compressive strength and optimization of concrete produced by replacing cement with CSA and GSA was conducted in this study. The materials used were cement, water, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, CSA, and GSA. The CSA and GSA replaced cement at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% in combination, with a total of seventy two (72) cubes cast, while the concrete compressive strength was determined after curing by complete immersion in water at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The modeling and optimization was done with the aid of design expert (version 13) software, while the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 23 and adopting the Least Square Difference (LSD) method. Results from the findings showed that the CSA used in the study is a good reactive pozzolana, and the GSA is not a reactive pozzolana. Also, the increase in CSA and GSA content in concrete reduces its workability, and concrete compressive strength. However, cement replaced wit...
Strength analysis of concrete by partial replacement of cement with agricultural waste ash
2018
This paper presents the studies conducted to know the strength characteristics of cement concrete made with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and two agro wastes i.e. Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Groundnut Husk Ash (GHA). Cubes were casted with percentage replacement of both ashes of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 12.5%. The Chemical analysis was carried out to know pozzolana properties of GHA and RHA. It was observed that slump and density decreases from 70 mm to 27 mm and 2440 Kg/m to 2237 Kg/m respectively. Compressive strength also decreases with respect to control mix except for 10% replacement. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Chemical analysis in micro areas Energy Dispersive X – ray Spectrometry (EDS) analysis was also done to track the phase changes and microstructure of mature concrete. It was found from the results and observations that 10% replacement of cement with GHA – RHA is suitable in concrete for construction. Index Terms GHA – RHA, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Pozzolana, ...
IRJET, 2022
The growth in population has placed an enormous need for more and more infrastructure and it keeps growing. The outcome of this demand is the increase in production of cement. Massive amount of waste materials and by-products are produced by manufacturing enterprises such as silica fumes, rice husk ash, and mineral slag and so on. As a result, waste management has become a huge problem for our environment. The wastes that are of economic importance are bagasse, molasses, and filter press mud. Bagasse is the fibrous residue remaining after the extraction of the cane juice from sugarcane. Sugarcane bagasse consists of approximately 50% of cellulose, 25% of hemicellulose, and 25% of lignin. In a lot of sugarcane industries, the bagasse generated is usually used as fuel while also reducing its volume for disposal. One of the residues from a cigarette factory is the Tobacco stem, and it is easy to collect as its production is concentrated in cigarette factories. This has led to a serious waste of resources and environmental problems as more than 95 % of the tobacco stems end up in landfills or incineration. Tobacco waste ash (TWA) is produced by burning these unwanted tobacco stems. The research work here deals with the partial replacement of cement by mass with SBA and TWA in combination in percentages of 6%, 12%, 18%, 24%, 30%, and 36%. The percentage replacements for RHA and TWA are 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15% and 18% respectively. After mixing, casting and curing the characteristic strength of this new concrete are compared with conventional concrete of M40 grade. The experimental investigations are carried out for compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength for curing period of 7, 14 and 28 days. The experimental results show that the for a combined replacement percentage of 27%, which includes 18% SBA and 9% TWA, the values of compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength were higher when compared to other replacement percentages.
COMPARING THE EFFECT OF RICE HUSK ASH AND QUARRY DUST ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE
This research work was experimentally carried out to investigate comparing the effects of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Quarry Dust on the compressive strength of concrete using local aggregates as super pozzolans at optimum replacement percentage which will help to reduce the cost of housing. With this research work, the problem of waste management of agro-wastes like RHA and Quarry Dust a waste left from quarries will be solved. The research which had controlled samples, 5%, 10%,15 % and 20% replacement respectively at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 days curing. The compressive strength is determined for the concrete by testing the sample cube of 150mm x 150mm x 150mm. The properties such as the specific gravity, slump test, moisture content etc. are determined for the sample. RHA and Quarry Dust concrete were found to be very workable with a slump value of 10-30mm. The incorporation of RHA and Quarry Dust in concrete using locally sourced aggregates resulted in increased water demand and enhanced strength to a certain level. The compressive strength values at 14-28 days peaked at 10% replacement level and decreases form 56 days at same percentage replacement. The Quarry Dust and Rice Husk Ash displays better quality because of good holding attributes. Finally, we discovered that Quarry Dust had better durability and strength compared to Rice Husk Ash while both are eco-friendly pozzolans.
IRJET, 2022
On the earth's surface, the amount of waste material from industrial and agricultural activities has begun to cause a sustainability issue for the environment as well as the ecology of the earth. The production of waste accounts for global warming because it releases CO2 and other harmful gases during disposal or manufacturing. In this research work, we use waste materials like coconut shell ash (CSA) and glass powder (GP) in place of cement. More than 108 specimens were prepared and tested by using CSA and GP with 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 12.5% as replacements with cement. After design mixing, we find the ratio of concrete mixed is 1:2.03:3.10 by weight of cement sand and coarse aggregate at a 0.55 water-tocement ratio. The properties of concrete and cement that were studied include initial setting, final setting time, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength. The workability of CSA and GP mixed concrete was tested immediately after preparing the concrete mix, and compressive strength was tested at 7 days and 28 days of curing. The addition of waste CSA and GP increases the strength of concrete at a certain point, after that it decreases. The compressive strength of CSA and GP mixed concrete increases up to 10% of replacement cement with an amount of 28.44 kg/cm 2 and 29.02 kg/cm 2 respectively, then decreases. In the case of split tensile strength and flexural strength, the strength also increases up to 7.5% of the replacement of cement in CSA and GP mixed concrete with an amount of 3.81 kg/cm 2 , 3.90 kg/cm 2 and 9.20 kg/cm 2 , 9.22 kg/cm 2 respectively. Finally, we clearly say that the replacement of CSA & GP with cement is up to 10% for compressive strength and up to 7.5% for split tensile and flexural strength.
Epistemics in Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 7, No.2, 2017, 558-566, 2017
The production of cement, one of the major binders in the construction industry has adverse effect on the environment, contributes to global warming, and leads to depletion of limestone. On the other hand, burning of Brewer dry grain (BDG) in the open pollutes the atmosphere with attendant health consequences. To overcome the adverse effect associated with cement production and the burning of waste material, the use Brewer dry grain ash (BDGA) as partial replacement of cement in concrete production was investigated. Cement was partially replaced with BDGA at 5 %, 10 %, 15 % and 20 % in concrete. A water-cement ratio and mix ratio of 0.61 and 1:1.5:3.2 was adopted. Chemical analysis test on the ash sample was carried out in accordance with ASTM C618 (1999). The consistency, initial and final setting time test was carried out in accordance with BS EN 196-3 (1994). Eighty-five cubes of the size of 150 ×150×150 mm were cast and tested for compressive strength at 7, 14, 28 and 56 days curing. The test was carried out in accordance with BS EN 12390-1(2000). For tensile strength test, twenty-five specimens of size 100 × 100 × 200 mm were cast and tested after 28 days curing. This test was carried out in accordance with ASTM C 496-11. BDGA had a silica content of 74%, which was above the minimum of 50 % specified in ASTM C618 (1999) for any material to be classified as a pozzolan. An increase in setting time was observed with BDGA addition. A maximum compressive strength of 36.4 MPa was attained at 10 % cement replacement with BDGA ash, and the result obtained was higher than the strength of plain concrete by 25.6 %. For tensile strength, a maximum compressive strength of 3.03 was obtained at 10% replacement. This was higher than the strength of plain concrete by 13.5 %.
The disposal of solid waste in open environment is a serious alarming concern that needs immediate attention from the researchers. The hazardous solid agro-industrial wastes which include: wheat straw ash, rice husk ash, corn cob ash and sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA), having pozzolanic properties, have a versatile use in concrete. The solid pozzolana enhances the various concrete properties by the reaction of silicates with calcium hydroxide in the presence of water, which in result generate a saturated zone of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel. This C-S-H gel reduces the amount of calcium hydroxide C(OH)2 during the hydration process of cement. Very limited research works have been done on concrete by partially replacing cement with SCBA. This research work was focused on evaluating the properties of concrete by partially replacing cement with SCBA at 0, 5, 10, and 15 percentages. Compressive strength, Strength activity index, and water absorption of all mixes were examined. And it was observed that all SCBA mixes showed an increase in compressive strength and at 10% replacement the strength activity index was at a peak of 115.67%, but all the SCBA mixes showed a strength activity index greater than 75% which satisfied the standard specification. The water absorption test for all SCBA mixes showed a slight increase in water absorption.