Effect of yogic breathing techniques in new sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis (original) (raw)
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Effect of Yogic Breathing Techniques in New Sputum Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Report
International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2014
A 24-year-old, unmarried woman diagnosed of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) visited our hospital outpatient department in the month of August-2013. Patient came with the complaint of sever cough with expectoration; evening raise of temperature; gradual loss of appetite and weight since 2-weeks. We referred the patient to our hospital's Revised National Tuberculosis Program, direct observed treatment short-course center for sputum fluorescence microscopic examination (FME). FME report suggested the new smear positive, 2+ PTB. Our patient received yogic breathing techniques (YBT) for 45-min daily under the supervision for three alternate-days/week with anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) for the period of 8-weeks. After intervention our result showed better improvement in weight gain, body mass index, symptom scores, pulmonary function and health related quality of life with conversion of positive to negative FME for acid fast bacilli. It suggests YBT with ATT are effective in treating PTB and further studies required to warrant this effect.
Randomized trial of yoga as a complementary therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis
Respirology, 2004
Randomized trial of yoga as a complementary therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis NK VISWESWARAIAH, TELLES S. Respirology 2004; 9 : 96-101 Objective: The present prospective, randomized trial compared the efficacy of anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) with two separate programs (yoga and breath awareness), on lung capacities and bacteriological status in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Methodology: A total of 1009 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were screened and 73 were alternately allocated, to yoga (n = 36) or breath awareness (n = 37) groups, with 48 patients completing the 2-month trial. Patients aged between 20 and 55 years, who were sputum-positive on three consecutive examinations, had no prior ATT, and no comorbidities or extrapulmonary tuberculosis were included. In addition to ATT, one group practised yoga (n = 25) and the other practised breath awareness (n = 23) for 6 h per week, each session being 60 min. The main outcome measures were: symptom scores, bodyweight, FVC, FEV 1 , FEV 1 /FVC%, sputum microscopy, sputum culture, and postero-anterior view of the CXR. Results: At the end of 2 months, the yoga group showed a significant reduction in symptom scores (88.1%), and an increase in weight (10.9%), FVC (64.7%) and FEV 1 (83.6%) (P = 0.001, in all comparisons, paired t-test). The breath awareness group also showed a significant (paired t-test) reduction in symptom scores (16.3%, P = 0.02), and an increase in weight (2.1%, P = 0.003) and FEV 1 (63.8%, P = 0.04). Significantly more patients in the yoga group showed sputum conversion based on microscopy on days 30 and 45 compared to the breath awareness group (P = 0.045 and P = 0.002, respectively, c 2 test). Ten of 13 in the yoga group had negative sputum culture after 60 days compared with four of 19 in the breath awareness group (P = 0.005, c 2 test). Improvement in the radiographic picture occurred in 16/25 in the yoga group compared to 3/22 in the breath awareness group on day 60 (P = 0.001, c 2 test). Conclusions: The improved level of infection, radiographic picture, FVC, weight gain and reduced symptoms in the yoga group suggest a complementary role for yoga in the management of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Assessment of Symptomatic Post Tuberculosis Patients by Spirometry and Chest X Ray
International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research [IJCMR]
Introduction: TB is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis which typically affects the lungs. The disease is spread by the people who are sick with active pulmonary TB. Up to half of TB survivors have some form of persistent pulmonary symptom despite microbiologic cure. The aim of the study was to assess the symptomatic post tuberculosis patients by using spirometry and chest x ray. Material and methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital after seeking clearance from the Institutional Ethical Committee. The aim of the study was to assess the symptomatic post tuberculosis patients by using spirometry and chest x ray. The study duration was from 1 st November 2018 to 31 st October 2019 and 100 patients were enrolled in the study. Data was collected from patients who presented with symptoms within 6 months of completing their treatment for tuberculosis. Results: All the patients (post tubercular) enrolled in the study had symptoms (in some form) even after full course of antitubercular treatment and bacteriological cure and among these breathlessness was the most common presenting symptom (96%) followed by cough (58%). Maximum patients had abnormal findings on chest examination (80%). Fibrosis followed by cavitary lesions were the most common findings on chest x ray in post tuberculosis patients. Maximum patients had restriction (56%) in their spirometry followed by mixed pattern (23%). Conclusion: In patients with restriction on spirometry and having symptom of breathlessness and cough, reassurance and pulmonary rehabilitation may play a major role in relieving their symptoms whereas in patients with mixed or obstructive pattern on spirometry, bronchodilator therapy along with pulmonary rehabilitation may be helpful in relieving their symptoms post tuberculosis treatment.
Evaluation of Pulmonary Status of Post-Tuberculosis Patients with Spirometry and Chest X-Ray
International Journal of Experimental Research and Review, 2024
In 2022, 7.5 million new cases of tuberculosis were reported worldwide. Mycobacterium tuberculosis results in tuberculosis, an infectious disease mostly affecting the lungs. However, many completely treated post-tubercular patients experience persistent changes in lung anatomy (bronchial and parenchymal structure), Increasing their risk of lung complications and early death. These changes affect the airway's size, leading to higher resistance and decreased airflow. Our study aimed to assess the overall clinical status and lung function of treated post tuberculosis patients using spirometry. The study constituted patients over the age of 18 who presented to the Outpatient department of the Pulmonary Medicine Department, Chettinad Hospital and research institute, Kelambakkam, after receiving complete treatment and being certified cured. Convenience sampling technique was used, 87 patients participated in this trial. The Institutional Ethical Committee approved the study, which lasted 18 months. A proforma was used to collect a complete socio-demographic history and clinical history, particularly in terms of pulmonary symptomatology, and information about previous anti-tb treatment. Each of these patients had chest radiography, smear microscopy, and lung function testing. Mean age was 44.1± 15.2 years, mean BMI was 22.27 ± 3.66 kg/m2. There were 66.2% men and 33.8% females. 42% employed and 52% literate. In the current study, 41(53.25%) of the individuals reported dyspnea and 22(28.57%) had dry cough, cough with expectoration 12(15.58%), Fever 8(10.4%), Haemoptysis 7(9%), chest pain 2(2.6%). Following Post tuberculosis treatment, 38(44%) had normal chest radiographs, 31(35.6%) of the patients had fibrosis/Fibrotic strand, 8(9.1%) had consolidation, 5(5.7%) had ectatic changes, 3(3.4%) had fibrocavity, 1(1%) had calcification and cicatricial collapse. In the current study, we found that 31(40.25%) had normal spirometry followed by 23(29.87%) had mixed pattern and 12(15.6%) had restrictive pattern findings, 11(14.28%) had obstructive pattern findings. In spite of appropriate suggestions, the majority of post-tb pulmonary impairment individuals suffer in quiet or undergo poor medical care. As a result, comprehensive recommendations for patient follow-up following tuberculosis treatment are required in order to monitor lung function and provide appropriate care to improve quality of life.
2021
Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) [1,2]. It can affect any parts of the body. In 2018, TB has affected about 10 million of the world’s population according to World Health Organisation (WHO). In the United Kingdom (UK), there were 5,075 notified cases of TB in the same year [2], 4,655 (91.7%) of which were in England [1]. From the notified cases in England in 2018, 2,664 (57.2%) of those were pulmonary in nature. In this review, available guidelines and literatures were critically analysed and evaluated in relation to a certain patient with smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis. The patient had weight loss, non-productive cough, night sweats, loss of appetite, and fevers. Lateral right upper zone opacification was found on a chest x-ray (CXR) when the patient was seen by his General Practitioner which led to a referral to the specialist TB team. Computed Tomography (CT) imaging then confirmed bilateral upper lobe consoli...
A STUDY OF FACTORS AFFECTING SPUTUM CONVERSION IN PATIENTS OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
National Journal of Community Medicine, 2016
Background: In the era of direct observation treatment (DOT) for tuberculosis, clinicians need to focus on high risk groups. We present sputum conversion rate at 2 months and factors influencing it. Objectives: To determine factors that prolong sputum smear conversion among smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients at the end of the Intensive Phase. Method: 150 adult (> 18 years) patients of sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis were included. 2 months following DOT, sputum was retested to determine sputum conversion rate. Results: Of 150 sputum positive TB cases, 123 (82%) patients were sputum negative 2 months after DOT. In this study we found that among 43 patients of age > 50, after two months of treatment, 15 (35%) patients were sputum smear positive. Among 66 smoker patients, 19 (20%) patients were sputum smear positive. Among 24 patients of bilateral X-Ray involvement, 12 (50%) patients were sputum smear positive. Out of 40 patients of +3 bacillary load, 17 (42%) were sputum smear positive. Conclusion: Factors affecting sputum conversion in this study were male patients, patients with age > 50 years, smokers, patients with past history of pulmonary tuberculosis, bilateral involvement in chest x ray and high bacillary load (+3).
To assess the pulmonary impairment in treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients using spirometry
Background: Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of death due to infectious Disease worldwide, with an estimated 8.9 million new cases and 1.6 million Deaths worldwide. Aim: To study the type and degree of pulmonary impairment in treated pulmonary Tuberculosis patients using spirometry. To co-relate present symptoms and radiological findings and to assess the degree of impairment. For identification of impairment (obstructive, restrictive or mixed) that contribute to long term disability and decreased quality of life. Materials and methods: Retrospective observational study was done in Meenakshi Medical College Hospital. A total of 75 treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients were taken for study with clinical data, chest x-ray pattern, smoking and biomass fuel exposure history were recorded. Their pulmonary function was assessed using spirometry. Results: All patients were symptomatic and most common symptom was breathlessness. Chest radiograph showing 1 or 2 zones involved patients were 40 (53.3%) and more than 3 zones involved were 35 (46.7%).Most of the patients 51 (68%) showed a Restrictive pattern in spirometry, 10 (13.3%) showed an obstructive pattern and 14 (18.7%) showed a mixed pattern. Smoking and Bio-mass fuel exposure did not show a significant co-relation with spirometry pattern but initial sputum positive patients and defaulter patients showed a significant co-relation with spirometry pattern. Conclusion: The most common pulmonary impairment pattern in treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients was Restrictive pattern. Hence pulmonary tuberculosis need follow up even after treatment for early detection and treatment for their pulmonary disability.
Assessment of Lung Function using Spirometry and Radiological findings in Post Tuberculosis Cases
Life and Science, 2020
Objective: To assess the prevalence of abnormal radiological changes and their impact on lung function in post tuberculosis cases. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in medical Outpatient Department (OPD) of CMH, Quetta from 30th Nov 2018 to 30th May 2019. Materials and Methods: A total of sixty treated cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, presenting in medical OPD of CMH Quetta for regular follow-up, were included in the study. The subjects were recruited by non-probability consecutive sampling technique according to predefined inclusion criteria. Demographic data including age, gender, post treatment duration, clinical features and history of asthma, atopy, rhinitis, biomass exposure, coalmine exposure, animal and pet exposure was collected. Their lung function was assessed using spirometry and radiological changes were assessed by either chest X-ray or high resolution CT chest. Results: Among the 60 patients, mean age...
Study of Pulmonary Function Impairment by Spirometry in Treated Cases of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
IOSR Journals , 2019
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death worldwide. About two thirds of patients develop impaired pulmonary function after completion of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment. Post tubercular impairment can manifest as reversible or irreversible obstructive airway disease, mixed defect or as pure restrictive defects. Cavitation, extensive fibrosis, bulla formation and bronchiectasis implicated in the genesis of airway obstruction caused by the destroyed lung due to pulmonary tuberculosis. Only a few studies have been done to identify this entity, but all the studies have definitely concluded that such an entity exists. Objective of this study is to determine the frequency of airway obstruction in treated patients of tuberculosis in the hospital.
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2012
Sputum induction by the inhalation of hypertonic saline may increase the yield of microbiological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). This is particularly relevant in paucibacillary TB, such as in children or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infected patients. Sputum induction must be shown to be safe and tolerable in community settings where invasive diagnostic methods are unavailable. The objective of this study was to describe the changes in physiological parameters and adverse events occurring during sputum induction in ambulatory adult and adolescent TB suspects recruited in community clinics. Sputum induction was performed in HIV-infected (n=35) and HIV-uninfected (n=67) TB suspects (n=102). Oxygen saturation (%), blood pressure (mm Hg), heart rate (/ minute), respiratory rate (/minute), and adverse events were monitored at baseline, continuously during the salbutamol pre-treatment and saline nebulization phases, and for 30 min afterwards. During nebulization, there was a statistically significant increase in oxygen saturation (1%, p<0.0001), systolic BP (7 mm Hg, p<0.0001), and diastolic BP (2 mm Hg, p =0.008). Post-nebulization decrease in the systolic BP occurred (4 mm Hg, p= 0.016). These changes were not considered to be clinically significant. Eight minor, transitory, self-resolving adverse events occurred (labored breathing, n=2; chest pain, n=2; paroxysmal coughing, n=1; elevated heart rate, n=1; vomiting, n=1; hypotension, n=1), leading to procedure termination in four participants. No serious adverse events occurred. Induced sputum is safe, tolerable, and feasible in adult and adolescent TB suspects in a community healthcare setting.