Seed germination in Prunus cerasoides D. Don influenced by natural seed desiccation and varying temperature in Central Himalayan region of Uttarakhand, India (original) (raw)
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Indicators of Seed Maturation in Prunus armenica L . in Indian Himalayan Region
2018
Wild apricot (Prunus armenica L.) is an important multipurpose tree species of the Himalayan region. The mature seed (kernels) of the species yields oil used for various edible, cosmetic and industrial preparations. The present study was carried out to assess the exact time of seed maturation and germination of Wild apricot (Prunus armenica) at 04 sites of Nainital district during two consecutive years 2015 and 2016. Vegetative analysis was done by placing 20 permanent plots of 10×10 m2 randomly in the study area. Fruit were collected at 10 days intervals directly from the marked tree till the availability of fruits from all the sites. Different physical parameters wer e taken to assess the seed maturity. The change of fruit colour from green to yellow was found the indicator for the fruit maturation but did not coincide with seed maturation. No germination was occurred till the last collection of fruits/seeds. Seeds wer e stored at the last collection from all the sites. 05 replica...
Studies on seed germination, seedling growth and budding of some stone fruits (Prunus spp.)
These studies were carried out at Awbara orchard station, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region-Iraq, during 2006-2008. The studies were including three sets of consecutive experiments; seed germination, seedling growth acceleration and budding of some Prunus species. Seed germination experiment was performed during 2006-2007, in which the intact and endocarp removed seeds of three domesticated species of the genus Prunus [apricot (P. armeniaca), almond (P. dulcis) and cherry (P. avium)] and two wild species [wild almond (P. arabica) and wild cherry (P. microcarpa)] were subjected to different stratification periods (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 or 100 days) for the intact seeds, and (0, 15, 30, 45, 60 or 75 days) for seeds after endocarp removal, in moist sand at 5±1°C. At the end of stratification period just before sowing, all the seeds were soaked overnight in different concentrations of GA3 solution (0, 100 or 200 mg.l-). ...
Effects of different pretreatments on germination of Prunus serotina seed sources
Journal of …, 2007
Establishing intensive plantations of fast growing hardwood tree species that have high market values in the forest industry can narrow the gap between Turkey's demand and the supply of quality hardwood products. Black cherry (P. serotina Ehrh.) is a fast growing hardwood species with a high market value. Introducing and intensively growing black cherry (BC) in Turkey may significantly reduce the country's quality wood shortage. Adequate seed germination constitutes the first essential step for successful establishments. In this paper, effects of different pretreatments, including artificial and natural stratification, on the seeds of different BC seed sources (SSs) were studied. Pretreatments had substantial effects on the dormancy breaking and germination behaviours of the SSs. Consecutive periods of complex warm and cold artificial stratification regimes longer than 90 days or natural stratification (where seeds were assumed to be naturally exposed to this complexity) resulted in best dormancy breaking and, in turn, germination among all pretreatments. Deeper dormancy and reduced germination rates of some BC seeds as the altitude of the source increases might suggest an ecological adaptive strategy of the species. BC may have deeper morphophysiological dormancy than is commonly believed. Seed size may have a positive effect on seed germination.
Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of the Endangered Azorean Cherry Prunus azorica
HortScience, 2012
Prunus azorica is an Azorean endemic tree considered as a priority species for conservation. It is important as a laurel forest component, particularly at medium altitude, and as a food source for the endangered bird Pyrrhula murina. The best conditions for seed germination were investigated after removal of the outer layers of the fruit by determining the effect of 1) using stones or seeds; 2) stratification regime (six treatments and a control); 3) incubation temperature (four alternating temperature regimes); and 4) gibberellic acid concentration (three levels). This resulted in a fully factorial design with 168 (2 × 7 × 4 × 3) treatments with three replicates per treatment and 25 seeds per replicate. Cumulative germination percentages were determined at the end of the trial. Globally, there was a significant effect of endocarp removal (49% germination with seeds and 15% with stones). Both for stones and seeds, there was a significant effect of incubation temperature, stratificat...
Journal of Environmental Biology, 2007
Establishing intensive plantations of fast growing hardwood tree species that have high market values in the forest industry can narrow the gap between Turkey's demand and the supply of quality hardwood products. Black cherry (P. serotina Ehrh.) is a fast growing hardwood species with a high market value. Introducing and intensively growing black cherry (BC) in Turkey may significantly reduce the country's quality wood shortage. Adequate seed germination constitutes the first essential step for successful establishments. In this paper, effects of different pretreatments, including artificial and natural stratification, on the seeds of different BC seed sources (SSs) were studied. Pretreatments had substantial effects on the dormancy breaking and germination behaviours of the SSs. Consecutive periods of complex warm and cold artificial stratification regimes longer than 90 days or natural stratification (where seeds were assumed to be naturally exposed to this complexity) resulted in best dormancy breaking and, in turn, germination among all pretreatments. Deeper dormancy and reduced germination rates of some BC seeds as the altitude of the source increases might suggest an ecological adaptive strategy of the species. BC may have deeper morphophysiological dormancy than is commonly believed. Seed size may have a positive effect on seed germination.
Seed Science and Technology
Seeds of the mahaleb cherry, Prunus mahaleb L., used as a rootstock in cherry production, germinate and emerge poorly due to seed dormancy. A greenhouse experiment was done to determine the effects of several treatments to overcome this dormancy, i.e. prolonged (30, 60 and 90 days) stratification followed by hot water treatment at 90°C (for 0, 10, 20 and 30 minutes) or sulfuric acid scarification (0, 10, 20 and 30 minutes) or gibberellic acid, GA3 (0, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm). The results showed that stratification for 60 days or more increased germination percentage and decreased mean germination time. Scarification with either hot water or sulfuric acid only improved germination percentage and speed if followed by 60 days of stratification. Treating the seeds with GA3 resulted in a significantly higher germination rate. The highest germination percentages were attained by treating seeds which had been stratified for 60 and 90 day-periods with GA3 at 1000 ppm. It is recommended that...
Seed Dormancy Breaking of Wild Cherry (Prunus Avium L.)
Several methods for overcoming wild cherry seed dormancy have been studied. Wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) seeds have shown to be affected by combined dormancy: weak morphological and deep physiological dormancy. Fresh stones responded differently to the various methods for dormancy breaking. The study showed that the dormancy of fresh seeds is successfully overcome by sowing the seeds immediately after their harvest or in autumn. Stored seeds, however, did not have a positive response to these specific sowing periods. Acceptable germination rates were achieved after application of seed stratification. Findings showed that accelerated stratifications did not give positive results for successful dormancy break in the conditions of Bulgaria. Stored seeds should be sown in spring after application of combined warm and cold stratifications with the following durations: 6 weeks of warm period and 5 months of cold period.
New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science
Background: Elaeocarpus prunifolius Wall. ex Müll. Berol. is a threatened tree species of northeastern India. The present study was undertaken to investigate the type of dormancy prevailing in seeds of E. prunifolius, explore seed dormancy breaking techniques and assess seedling fitness. Methods: Ripe fruits of E. prunifolius were harvested from Jaintia hills, and seeds were subjected to various physical, manual and chemical treatments. The effect of plant growth regulators, viz gibberellic acid (GA 3) and potassium nitrate (KNO 3), were tested. Seedling vigour and survival based on seed weight were examined. Results: Germination took 6 months to initiate after seed dispersal and natural germination percentage of fresh seeds was 24%. Physical pre-germination treatments such as surface and acid scarification failed to overcome dormancy. Cracked seeds promoted germination (46%) with a mean germination time of 146 days (time to 50% germination, T 50 = 144 days). Among the GA 3 treatments, split seeds treated with GA 3 (3000 mg/L −1) yielded the highest germination (24%) with a T 50 of 55 days whereas KNO 3 did not promote germination. A combination of GA 3 and KNO 3 , however, increased the germination to 31%. Between the seed weight classes, the highest percentage of germination was observed in heavy seeds (25%) and the lowest in light seeds (20%). There was no significant variation between seed weight and germination time (p > 0.05). Seed weight had a significant effect on the shoot height, number of leaves and dry weight of seedlings (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the seed tests, E. prunifolius seeds exhibits 'combined' dormancy (physical and physiological) as splitting seed coat and application of GA 3 effectively broke dormancy. Splitting the seed coat is a cost-effective method for accelerating germination of seeds. Heavyweight seeds produced better performing seedlings compared to their counterparts which may be viewed as an important reproductive strategy of the species.
This study was undertaken in the Faculty of Forestry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar. This study deals with effect of seven storage periods/ treatments at room temperature (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days) on germinability and viability of Allepo pine seeds. The experiment consisted of seven treatments with four replications each and was laid out in completely randomized design in laboratory. The fresh Allepo pine seeds collected possess high viability (79.20 to 80.08%) (Table-1) but low germinability. A maximum of 40.37 per cent germination was observed in mature seeds which declined to 33.25 (Table-1) per cent at the end of 90 days storage period. This indicated that Allepo pine seeds do possess inherent dormancy which further deepened with storage. Introduction The allepo pine (Pinus halepensis) is native to the Mediterranean region. It is generally found at low altitudes mostly from sea level to 200 m but even grow at an altitude of up to 1000 m to 1700 m. Allepo pine is a small to medium sized tree reaching 15-25 m tall and with a trunk diameter of up to 60 cm exceptionally up to 1 m. The bark is an organ red, thick and deeply fissured at the base of the trunk and flanky in the upper crown, the leaves (needles) are very slender 6-12 cm long distinctly yellowish green. Exotic pine can play the role of restoration of degraded areas and fulfill the local need because of their fast growth rate, long fibered pulp and high volume per hectare. Allepo pine is an exotic conifer/ pine species in India and has been successfully introduced in Kashmir valley. Although the exact date of its introduction has not been ascertained but the tree has been found growing in Shankaracharya reserve forest (Srinagar), situated at an altitude of 1,970 m above MSL. Allepo pine is widely planted for timber in its native areas. The turpentine obtained from the resin is antiseptic, diuretic, rubefacient and vermifuge. It is also used for complaints of respiratory systems, kidney and bladder complaints (Grieve, 1984) [5]. The optimal time to harvest is when a large amount of viable germinable seeds can be collected. It is also a popular ornamental tree extensively planted in parks and gardens in hot dry areas. It is also extensively grown as wind break and for soil conservation. A resin from the trunk is used for chewing and flavoring wine. There are several factors which effect the viability of seeds in storage. Temperature and moisture are the most critical factors which regulate the seed viability. Seed viability is best retained at low temperature and high concentration of CO2 (Hadidi, 1996) [7] .