Zika virus infection in pregnancy and infant growth, body composition in the first three months of life: a cohort study (original) (raw)
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Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 2021
Introduction In utero Zika virus (ZIKV) exposure has been related to a group of congenital structural abnormalities called the congenital Zika syndrome, which also has been related to neurodevelopment alterations even in normocephalic children. Physical growth has been less explored, and delayed growth and malnutrition have been reported. Objective The objective of this study is to describe the growth and neurodevelopment features of normocephalic infants born from a cohort of mothers with RT-PCR confirmed ZIKV during pregnancy in Risaralda, Colombia. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort, including normocephalic children born from mothers with RT-PCR confirmed ZIKV infection during pregnancy in Risaralda, Colombia. Physical growth was measured using WHO standards, and neurodevelopment was measured with the abbreviated neurodevelopment scale 2 validated for Colombia. Results After verifying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 children were followed during a median time of 28 ...
JAMA Network Open, 2020
IMPORTANCE Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus recognized as teratogenic since the 2015 to 2016 epidemic. Antenatal ZIKV exposure causes brain anomalies, yet the full spectrum has not been delineated. OBJECTIVE To characterize the clinical features of ZIKV infection at a pediatric referral center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, among children with antenatal ZIKV exposure. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Retrospective cohort study conducted from May to July 2019 of a prospective cohort of 296 infants with antenatal ZIKV exposure followed up since December 2015 at a tertiary maternity-pediatric hospital. EXPOSURES Zika virus infection during pregnancy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Characterization of clinical features with anthropometric, neurologic, cardiologic, ophthalmologic, audiometric, and neuroimaging evaluations in infancy and neurodevelopmental assessments (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition) from 6 to 42 months of age, stratified by head circumference at birth (head circumference within the reference range, or normocephaly [NC] vs microcephaly [MC]). RESULTS Antenatal exposure to ZIKV was confirmed for 219 of 296 children (74.0%) referred to Instituto Fernandes Figueira with suspected ZIKV infection through positive maternal or neonatal polymerase chain reaction analysis or IgM serology results. Of these children, 110 (50.2%) were boys, Author affiliations and article information are listed at the end of this article.
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 2021
Introduction: Newborn who had Zika vírus but did not show microcephaly at birth may have neuropsychomotor development problems. We aimed to evaluate the developmental and anthropometric milestones of asymptomatic children whose mothers had Zika during pregnancy in Northeastern Brazil in 2015 and 2016. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional case series study of children in Fortaleza born without microcephaly whose mothers had Zika during pregnancy. Home visits were undertaken to evaluate the developmental milestones and gather anthropometric data of the children and to conduct semi-structured interviews with the mothers to identify their socioeconomic and gestational profiles and assess the newborns after birth. Results: In total, 30 cases were identified. Of these, 17 children and their mothers participated in the study. The median age of the mothers at the time of delivery was 26 years. All were symptomatic, and TORCH was negative. At the time of the home visit, all had growth profiles suitable for their age. However, nearly all children (15/17, 88.2%) presented at least one developmental delay, considering their age group. Conclusions: There were late changes in the neuropsychomotor development of children born to mothers who had Zika during pregnancy, suggesting the need for specialized medical follow-ups.
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 2020
Objective: To know the evidence available in the literature on the effects of the zika virus in children development after fetal exposure. Methods: This is an integrative literature review with 16 scientific articles found in five databases (PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus), based on the guiding question: “What are the effects in the development of children aged 0 to 6 years exposed to the zika virus in the fetal period? The STROBE statement was used for data extraction and evaluation of primary studies. Results: Exposure to the zika virus in the fetal period resulted in several congenital anomalies and/or changes in the central nervous system: microcephaly, ocular problems, neurosensorial problems, ventriculomegaly, intracranial calcification, cardiopathy, arthrogryposis, among others. Conclusion: The zika virus is neurotropic; its effect in the fetal nervous system causes irreparable damage to the child, so health professionals, especially nurses, must intensify ...
Early Growth and Neurologic Outcomes of Infants with Probable Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2016
We report the early growth and neurologic findings of 48 infants in Brazil diagnosed with probable congenital Zika virus syndrome and followed to age 1-8 months. Most of these infants had microcephaly (86.7%) and craniofacial disproportion (95.8%). The clinical pattern included poor head growth with increasingly negative z-scores, pyramidal/ extrapyramidal symptoms, and epilepsy.
Background Studies examining the association between in utero Zika virus (ZIKV) exposure and child neurodevelopmental outcomes have produced varied results limited by the absence of a comparison group. The present study aimed to assess the neurodevelopmental outcomes among a cohort of children born with normal head circumference from pregnant people enrolled in the Zika in Pregnancy in Honduras (ZIPH) cohort study between July and December 2016. Methods Enrollment of pregnant people was voluntary and occurred during their first prenatal visit at a health center in Tegucigalpa, with collection of venous blood. Children with the following characteristics were selected for the longitudinal follow-up study: normal birth head circumference, > 6 months of age, born at one of two hospitals in Tegucigalpa, and known in utero ZIKV exposure status. In utero exposure to ZIKV was defined as a positive prenatal ZIKV IgM and/or positive ZIKV RNA result at enrollment. The developmental evaluati...
BMC Medicine, 2021
In utero exposure to Zika virus (ZIKV) is known to be associated with birth defects. The impact of in utero ZIKV exposure on neurodevelopmental outcomes in early childhood remains unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of in utero ZIKV exposure on neurodevelopment at 24 months of age among toddlers who were born normocephalic to women who were pregnant during the 2016 ZIKV outbreak in French territories in the Americas. We conducted a population-based mother-child cohort study of women whose pregnancies overlapped with the 2016 ZIKV epidemic in Guadeloupe, Martinique, and French Guiana. Infants were included in this analysis if maternal ZIKV infection during pregnancy could be determined, the newborn had a gestational age ≥ 35 weeks, there were no abnormal transfontanelle cerebral ultrasound findings after delivery or no abnormal ultrasound findings on the last ultrasound performed during the third trimester of the mother’s pregnancy, there was an absence o...
2020
Background The implications for pediatric neurodevelopment and behavior remain sparsely studied in children exposed to congenital infection by Zika Virus (ZIKV). The aim of this study is to compare patterns of neurodevelopment and behavior of children with different levels of Zika-related microcephaly or prenatal exposure without microcephaly. Methods A Cross-sectional study nested in a cohort, including 274 children aged 10–45 months. Participantes were evaluated between Feb/2017 and Aug/2019 in two tertiary care hospitals in Recife/Pernambuco/Brazil. Primary exposure was having ZIKV-related microcephaly or prenatal ZIKV-exposure, confirmed by maternal RT-PCR testing. We included children born during the peak of microcephaly epidemic and post epidemic period, divided in four groups according to clinical and laboratory criteria. Groups 1 and 2 had microcephaly, severe and moderate, respectively. Group 3 was composed of children with laboratory evidence of prenatal ZIKV-exposure and ...
Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
Introduction Aim of the study was to evaluate the association between microcephaly and acute infection with Zika virus (ZIKV) in pregnant women in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Infection was confirmed by laboratory testing. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional retrospective study of pregnant women with symptoms occurring between 2015 and 2016 suggestive of acute ZIKV infection was carried out, with confirmation of infection done by blood or urine RT-PCR. The relative proportions of categorical variables were calculated for two distinct groups: pregnant women whose newborns had microcephaly and pregnant women who gave birth to infants without microcephaly. Confidence intervals with a 95% level of agreement were estimated for the relative ratios. Results A total of 1609 pregnant women with a mean age of 26.4 ± 6.5 years were evaluated. As regards the time of acute infection, 19.6% (316) of cases occurred in the first trimester of pregnancy. Nineteen (76%) of the 25 cases wit...
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2018
Femur-sparing pattern of fetal growth restriction following maternal Zika virus infection with smaller head and abdominal circumference in relation to femur length. Short Version of the Title Femur-sparing pattern of fetal growth restriction after Zika virus infection Implications and Contributions A. Why was this study conducted? To determine if Zika virus infection during pregnancy is associated with a femur-sparing pattern of fetal growth restriction, similar to observations in a nonhuman primate model of decelerating growth of the fetal head and abdomen with respect to femur length. B. What are the key findings? An unusual femur-sparing pattern of fetal growth restriction was detected in the majority of fetuses with congenital ZIKV exposure using Intergrowth-21 st Project fetal body ratios comparing head or abdominal circumference to femur length. C. What does this study add to what is already known? Fetal body ratios may provide a new screening tool to detect Zika virus-associated fetal injury in pregnancies without overt microcephaly.