奥古斯都和平祭坛:献给皇帝的 荣誉与元老院的表态 (The Ara Pacis Augustae: an honour for an emperor and a statement by the Senate) (original) (raw)
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Anhui shixue [Anhui historical studies], 2020
This paper suggests that attention to Chinese philanthropy is not, however, as limited as often suggested because this topic has often been “embedded,” or hidden, in other subject areas that resulted in their exclusion from bibliographies under the keywords philanthropy or charity. The main example of this “embedding” can be seen in studies of missionary history, which often included significant exposition of the philanthropic work of missionaries in China despite not being categorized under the “philanthropy” subject heading. A complete understanding of Western studies of Chinese philanthropy cannot ignore the contributions of these studies. This paper also argues that the dominance of missionaries in Western perceptions of philanthropy in China for a long time hindered, or even distorted, the growth of the history of Chinese philanthropy as a specialized area of research. It was only with the development of other trends in Western studies of Chinese history, beginning with an emphasis on “China-centered history,” that eventually helped to correct the distortions in Western perceptions about Chinese philanthropy. These development ultimately contributed growing attention to this subject that finally promises to bring more strength and better balance to the study of Chinese philanthropy in the West.
Hiatus, Expansion, and Collapse: The Kokuten’s Middle and Final Stages
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The application of phylogenetic relationships helps us to understand species composition and species distribution patterns, which provide a scientific basis for the effective protection and sustainable use of biological diversity. Phylogenetic diversity (PD faith), based on branch lengths of the phylogenetic tree, is the most basic measurement index. Many indices are derived from PD faith , which makes difficult to choose the most appropriate parameters. The most effective and feasible way is to select suitable indices based on specific research questions, and some examples have been presented in plant phylofloristics and biodiversity conservation. DNA sequences have rapidly accumulated particularly through the global DNA barcoding project, which provides a standardized mass data, and can be used to reconstruct mega-phylogeny. But studies conducted around the phylogenetic diversity require more information, specifically data on species distribution, environmental factors, and climatic data. In addition, some fundamental questions need to be verified, such as the relationship between phylogenetic diversity and ecosystem functions.
Journal of Chinese European Studies 欧洲研究, 2010
The Clash of Civilizations:War-making and State Formation in Europe explores the causal mechanisms of modern state-formation in Europe,which is dependent on the clash of civilizations,violence-state origin and social power.Victor Lee Burke,the writer of the book,demonstrates the historical legitimacy of the clash of civilizations,who believes that it is interconnected with state formation,that the notion of civilization is a somewhat solid and fixed and that conflicts originate from the identity-oriented civilizations.Burke thus challenges the European-centralism of state-formation theory,who argues that the state-formation in Europe results from the clash of a variety of great civilizations.However,the background and premises of the European-centralism is neglected by Burke,who does not put forward a solution to resolve the clash of civilizations in the context of nationalism.
Research on the Space Narrative Changes of Canglangting Garden during the Song and Ming Dynasties
Humanities and Arts
The Canglangting Garden was first built by Su Shunqin in the Northern Song Dynasty and underwent frequent changes in the following four dynasties: Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing. The theme of "Canglang" and its connection with Su Shunqin also disappeared and emerged in history, and gradually became prominent after the renovation of Canglangting Garden by Song Luo during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. Based on local Chronicles, garden records, poems and images, and other related historical documents, this paper focuses on the study of the spatial narrative changes of Canglangting Garden from the initial construction of Su Shunqin to the renovation of Song Luo by intensive literature reading, image analysis and field survey, discusses some important issues and details in particular, such as the background of the emergence of Canglang theme, the competition between Zhang and Han during the chaotic times, the disappearance