Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effect of ethanolic extract of seeds of Eugenia jambolana in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits (original) (raw)
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Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry
Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder associated with the development of metabolic complications. This research evaluated the hypoglycemic and hypolipidaemic effects of Moringa oleifera (MO), Treculia africana (TA) and Albizzia chevalieri (AC) plant extracts on diabetes. Albino rats were randomly divided into six (six) main groups; MC, MO, TA, AC, Normal Control (NC) and Diabetic Control (DC) groups. Group MO, TA and AC were further subdivide into three sub groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced by a single dose intraperitoneal injection of alloxan 150 mg/kg body weight. Fasting blood glucose level and lipid profile were assayed using standard methods. Intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg of Alloxan in the albino rats resulted in significant (p<0.05) elevation of serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-C), and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C). Also, there was significant decrease (p<0.05) in HDL-C and body weight...
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2014
The comparative effects of the chloroform extracts of the leaves of Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae), Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae) and Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae) and fruits of Xylopia aethiopica (Annonaceae) on blood glucose concentration and lipid levels of diabetic rats were investigated using standard methods. The results show 74, 82 and 83% reductions in the blood glucose concentrations upon the administration of A. occidentale (100 mg/kg body weight), E. globulus (100 mg/kg body weight) and X. aethiopica (250 mg/kg body weight) extracts respectively as from the 10th hour of treatments in relation to the 74 and 69% reductions in glibenclamide and diabetic untreated groups respectively while the synergic treatment group [A. occidentale + E. globulus (100 mg/kg body weight)] showed 83% decrease in the blood glucose concentration as from the 10th hour upon the administration of the combined extracts when compared with the values obtained for the glibenclamide and diabetic untreated groups. P. guajava extract had the greatest significant (p<0.05) reduction in the total cholesterol concentration of the treated rats. P. guajava + X. aethiopica treatment group in a similar manner showed the most significant (p<0.05) decrease in the triglyceride concentration of the treated rats. Hence, the individual performances of these extracts on blood glucose concentration and blood lipids confirm their ability to reduce blood glucose and diabetic complications.
Scientific Journal of Medical Science, 2013
The study investigated the hypolipidemic and hepato-protective effects of n-butanol fraction of Alchornea cordifolia leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. To achieve this set objective, 16 hours fasted rats were made diabetic by single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg body weight dose of streptozotocin dissolved in 0.1 ml fresh cold citrate buffer pH 4.5. After this, the diabetic animals were randomly divided into the following groups: Group I served as the normal control, Group II served as diabetic control, while Group III to Group VI were treated with 200, 400 and 800mg/kg b w of the plant extract fraction and glibenclamide 10mg/kg b w respectively by oral gavage for a period of 4weeks. At the end of treatment period all animals from each group were euthanized and blood samples collected by cardiac puncture. There was a statistically significant (p< 0.05) reduction in blood glucose level in all groups treated with 200, 400 and 800mg/kg b w of the extract after day 7, 14, 21 and 28 when compared to the diabetic control group. The study also revealed a significantly decreased (p<0.05) serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein and significantly elevated (p<0.05) serum levels especially in the groups treated with 400 and 800 mg/kg b w of the extract when compared to the diabetic control group. There was also a significantly reduced(p<0.05) serum liver enzymes, AST, ALT and ALP as well as total and direct conjugated bilirubin levels in all groups that received various doses of the plant extract when compared to the diabetic control group. It can be concluded that the plant possesses anti-diabetic property suggesting that the plant maybe useful in the management of dyslipidemia, a secondary complication that usually occur in diabetic condition.
Journal of Medicinal Food, 2011
Diabetes is accompanied by lipid abnormalities, which contribute significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. We previously demonstrated the potent antihyperglycemic activity of the active principle (fraction II from Sephadex LH 20 chromatography [LH II]) isolated from ethanolic seed extract of Eugenia jambolana in diabetic rabbits. In the present study, the efficacy of LH II was evaluated for its hypolipidemic activity in alloxan-induced mildly diabetic (MD) and severely diabetic (SD) rabbits. Phytochemical investigation of LH II by various structural spectra showed the presence of saturated fatty acid, D 5 lipid, and sterol. Oral administration of LH II (10 mg=kg of body weight) for 21 days resulted in improved glycemic control in both MD and SD rabbits. After treatment with LH II, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the total cholesterol=high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio were significantly improved. LH II also resulted in significant (P < .001) improvement in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase activity and levels of total lipids and glycogen in both MD and SD rabbits. Thus, the present study demonstrates that LH II possesses potent hypolipidemic activity and efficacy in both MD and SD rabbits. KEY WORDS: alloxan diabetes Eugenia jambolana hypolipidemic MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant material Fruits of E. jambolana were obtained from the Azadpur Mandi (an herbal market) in Delhi, India and identified with the help of a botanist. A voucher specimen (number P-96=7) was stored at the Botanical Garden, Kolkata, India.
Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Herbal medicine development against the non-communicable disease like diabetes is one of the thrust area of research in the field of global medicine. Here we have studied the separate and composite methanolic extract of seed of Eugenia jambolana and root of Musa paradisiaca for the management of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. We have measured the fasting blood glucose level and glycogen content in liver as well as in skeletal muscle.Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are two important characters of diabetes mellitus. Hyperlipidemia developed in these experimental diabetic rats was assessed by quantification of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and triglyceride (TG) in serum. We noted that after treatment of methanolic extract of above plant parts in separate as well as in composite manner in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat resulted a significant remedial effect on blood glucose level as well a...
A Possible Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Effect of Herbal Mixture Extraction in Diabetic Rats
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2015
Back ground: The use of medicinal plants for management of diabetes mellitus is an old practice which has become even more relevant in modern perspective. The present work was designed to evaluate the effect of a mixture of five medicinal plants which used in folk medicine in Egypt especially in Sinai as hypoglycemic agents on the adult male diabetic rats. These plants are Cleome droserifolia (Samwah), Ambrosia maritima (Damsissa),Artemisia judaica (Shih kharasani), Chiliadenus montanus or Jasonia Montana (Neheda) and Artemisia annua (Kaysom).Material and Methods: Thirty male albino rats were divided equally into three groups including control, diabetic and diabetic treated with a mixture of aqueous extract. A single dose of alloxan (120 mg/kg body weight) was used to induce diabetes in rats. Diabetic rats were given plant mixture extract orally twice daily for 30 days (28.5 mg/kg body weight (b. wt.) twice/day). Results: there was a marked decline (p<0.01) in levels of serum insulin, body weight (4.98 %), total proteins, albumin, globulin and high density lipoproteins (HDL) accompanied with marked elevation (p<0.01) in levels of fasting blood glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA_IR), aspartate aminotransferase(ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), urea, creatinine, uric acid, serum total lipids(TL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides TG, low density lipoproteins (LDL), and very low density lipoproteins(VLDL),risk ratios of TC/HDL and LDL/HDL in diabetic rats as compared to the control rats. While administration of aqueous extract of plant mixture to alloxan diabetic rats significantly ameliorated the disturbed biochemical parameters. Conclusion: These results proved that this plant mixture extract has a significant hypoglycemic effect and ameliorating metabolic abnormalities induced by diabetes mellitus.
Hypolipidimic effect of some medicinal plants on diabetic rats
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2006
Our aim was to evaluate the hypolipidimic effect of aqueous extract of a famous mixture used in Saudi Arabia folk medicine that consists of Nigella sativa, Commiphora myrrha, Boswellia carterii Birdw, Ferule assa-foetida and Aloe vera and also the extract of each plant alone on alloxan induced diabetic rats. Material and Methods :-The present study was carried out on 80 adult male albino rats (120 ± 20 g.b.wt.), the rats were divided randomly into 8 groups, the first group served as control group, the second group as alloxan induced diabetic rats, the third group was diabetic rats treated with mixture of folk medicinal plant (0.01g /100 g b. wt.) ,the fourth group: diabetic rats treated with Nigella sativa (0.01g /100 g b. wt.), the fifth group: diabetic rats treated with Aloe vera (0.005g /100 g b. wt.), the sixth group: diabetic rats treated with Ferule assa-foetida (0.01 g /100 g b. wt.), the seventh: diabetic rats treated with Boswellia carterii Birdw (1ml/100 g b. wt.) and the eighth group: diabetic rats treated with Commiphora myrrha (0.01 g ml/100 g b. wt.) Results :-Serum total lipid, serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride recorded significant increases in diabetic, Nigella sativa, Commiphora myrrha, Boswellia carterii birdw and Aloe vera treated group. While the mixture and Ferule assa-foetida treated group, showed insignificant changes in serum total lipid, triglyceride, serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. On other hand, the mixture treated group and Ferule assa-foetida treated group showed significant decreased in the previous parameters. The serum HDL-cholesterol was significantly reduced in diabetic group throughout the experimental periods, otherwise, all treated group revealed insignificant changes till the end of experiment when compare with undiabetic rats. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of a mixture consists of Nigella sativa, Commiphora myrrha, Boswellia carterii Birdw, Ferule assa-foetida and Aloe vera are useful for improvement of the lipid profile of alloxan induced diabetic rats fram each plant alone.
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, 2014
The Corchorus olitorius seeds were pulverized (grounded) to powder. The powdered seed (200 g) was extracted with 500 ml of ethanol (99.9%) within a period of 24 h and the procedure repeated 3 times using the same powdered extract. Extraction and fractionation were carried out with some modification in the choice of primary solvent (water) and partitioning (separating) solvents (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol). The fractions obtained (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, saturated butanol and last remaining aqueous) were tested for antidiabetic and phytochemical properties. Two doses were employed while testing in diabetic rats, 500 and 250 mg/kg body weight. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg body wt alloxan (Sigma) in saline. Animals with a blood glucose level ≥ 150 mg/dl were considered diabetics. All the fractions had some bioactivity in alloxan induced diabetic rats. The activity being better with the 500 mg doses than the 250 mg. Statistical significance (p ˂ 0.05) in bioactivity (blood sugar change) was only seen with the aqueous fraction (1 h post treatment), chloroform fraction (1, 3 and 4 h post treatment) and the ethyl acetate fraction (2 and 3 h post treatment). The action of the seed extract can be attributed to phytochemical content of the extract. Of these flavanoids, alkaloids, saponins have been reported to have hypoglycaemic effect.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem and the incidence of DM is increasing at alarming rate all over the world. Many Indian medicinal plants have been reported to possess potential antidiabetic activity and could play important role in the management diabetes. This study sought to evaluate the antidiabetic potentials of hydroalcoholic extract of seed of L. sativumin diabetic rats. Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents and quantitative analysis of total phenolics and flavonoids were determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature. Quantitative analysis of phenolic and flavonoids was carried out by folins ciocalteau reagent and aluminium chloride method. Diabetes was induced in rats by Alloxan monohydrate (120 mg/kg; i.p.) administration. Oral treatment of hydroalcoholic extract of L. sativumusing rat oral needle at 100 and 200mg/kg doses significantly ( < 0.001) decreased blood glucose and cholesterol levels in diabetic rats than control rats. In this study, Body weight, blood glucose, HDL, Total Protein, SGOT, SGPT, cholesterol and triglyceride were measured. The results showed that there was a significant decrease (P<0.01) in the blood glucose, cholesterol, total protein, SGOT, SGPT and triglyceride levels in diabetic rats when compared to the normal (control) rats and increase the level of HDL and body wt. In conclusion, the above actions might be responsible for the antidiabetic activity of extract due to presence of gallic acid and other biomarkers.