Assessment of Selected heavy Metals in Honey Samples Using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), Ethiopia (original) (raw)
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BMC chemistry, 2022
y up and mature. Extracted honey is a gelatinous liquid foodstuff containing a number of nutritiously important complementary elements [4-8] such as carbohydrates, maltose, sucrose, fructose, glucose, traces metals, organic and inorganic substances and water [9, 10]. High concentrations of these trace toxic elements in honey may result minimized quality set by regular control of food [11-14]. In ancient time the golden yellow liquid honey processed for its medicinal properties [15]. The heavy metals found in the environment can deposit at the hairy bodies of bees hive, flower, herb and water [16]. The toxic metals in the human body, causing the side effects, so honey quality specific elemental content becomes the important issue for human nutrition and safety [17, 18]. High accumulation of toxic heavy metals in plants is hazardous for the food chain and may result in damages to human and animals heaths [19]. Contaminated water and agricultural BMC Chemistry
Honey has been used as a bio monitor to determine environmental quality in the environments which are polluted by heavy metals, radioactivity and pesticides. The study sought to determine the levels of some heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb, As, and Mn) in honey and assess their potential health risk to consumers. Samples of honey were harvested from within 5km of the Tamale Metropolis of Ghana. A known weight (5g) of honey samples were digested using an oxi-acidic mixture of HNO3/H2O2 and filtered into a 50ml volumetric flask. The contents of the minerals in the digests were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The analysis revealed that the concentrations of lead (79.815 ± 16.796 mg/Kg), nickel (15.785 ± 10.968 mg/Kg), copper (13.855 ± 10.213 mg/Kg) and manganese (8.215 ± 4.452 mg/Kg) in the samples exceeded the FAO/WHO maximum permissible limits. The elevated levels of these metals may be evidence of possible pollution agents (vehicular and industrial emissions, pollution of farm soils and pockets of water) in the study area. The Health Risk assessment (THQ< 1) showed no significant public health risk to consumers. However, we recommend regular monitoring of heavy metals from the natural environment of Tamale to mitigate possible future threats to public health.
Determination of Heavy Metals and Potential Health Risk Assessment of Honey
Honey has been used as a bio monitor to determine environmental quality in the environments which are polluted by heavy metals, radioactivity and pesticides. The study sought to determine the levels of some heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb, As, and Mn) in honey and assess their potential health risk to consumers. Samples of honey were harvested from within 5km of the Tamale Metropolis of Ghana. A known weight (5g) of honey samples were digested using an oxi-acidic mixture of HNO 3 /H 2 O 2 and filtered into a 50ml volumetric flask. The contents of the minerals in the digests were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The analysis revealed that the concentrations of lead (79.815 ± 16.796 mg/Kg), nickel (15.785 ± 10.968 mg/Kg), copper (13.855 ± 10.213 mg/Kg) and manganese (8.215 ± 4.452 mg/Kg) in the samples exceeded the FAO/WHO maximum permissible limits. The elevated levels of these metals may be evidence of possible pollution agents (vehicular and industrial emissions, pollution of farm soils and pockets of water) in the study area. The Health Risk assessment (THQ< 1) showed no significant public health risk to consumers. However, we recommend regular monitoring of heavy metals from the natural environment of Tamale to mitigate possible future threats to public health.
Determination of Heavy Metals and Potential Health Risk Assessment of Honey.pdf
Honey has been used as a bio monitor to determine environmental quality in the environments which are polluted by heavy metals, radioactivity and pesticides. The study sought to determine the levels of some heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb, As, and Mn) in honey and assess their potential health risk to consumers. Samples of honey were harvested from within 5km of the Tamale Metropolis of Ghana. A known weight (5g) of honey samples were digested using an oxi-acidic mixture of HNO 3 /H 2 O 2 and filtered into a 50ml volumetric flask. The contents of the minerals in the digests were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The analysis revealed that the concentrations of lead (79.815 ± 16.796 mg/Kg), nickel (15.785 ± 10.968 mg/Kg), copper (13.855 ± 10.213 mg/Kg) and manganese (8.215 ± 4.452 mg/Kg) in the samples exceeded the FAO/WHO maximum permissible limits. The elevated levels of these metals may be evidence of possible pollution agents (vehicular and industrial emissions, pollution of farm soils and pockets of water) in the study area. The Health Risk assessment (THQ< 1) showed no significant public health risk to consumers. However, we recommend regular monitoring of heavy metals from the natural environment of Tamale to mitigate possible future threats to public health.
Heliyon
This study aimed to determine the levels and potential health risks posed by trace metals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Cd, Cr, and Pb) obtained in honey samples. The honey samples were from Sheko, Guraferda, Mizan Aman Town, Debub Bench, and Semien Bench in Bench Sheko Zone, Southern Ethiopia, and levels of trace metals were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The levels of trace metals in honey samples across the provinces ranged as follows; Zn (1.78-4.02 mg/kg), Cu(1.85-2.35 mg/kg), Mn (0.75-1.25 mg/kg), Cd (0.011-0.038 mg/ kg), Cr (0.25-0.55 mg/kg), respectively. The level of Pb was not detected in all honey samples. The levels of trace metals obtained were lower than the maximum permissible limit set by WHO/FAO. Limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were ranged from 0.00045 to 0.005 and 0.0015 to 0.016, for the tested metals, respectively. The estimated recoveries of the method were ranged from 92.66% to 103.00% showed a good agreement of accuracy. The EDI values (mg/kg) of the investigated trace metals in all honey samples were less than the maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI). The values of the target hazard quotient (THQ) and the hazard index (HI) were less than unity. The target cancer risk (TCR) values of Cd in all honey samples showed the lowest carcinogenic risks with values ranged from 3.34E-07 to 1.27E-06. However, the TCR value of Cr in all honey samples ranged from 1.03E-05 to 2.43E-05 and was in the moderate range. The P TCR value of Cd and Cr ranged from 1.15E-05 to 2.37E-05 and 1.23E-05 to 2.55E-05 for male and female adults, respectively, and were found in the moderate range. Therefore, there was no serious non-carcinogenic and carcenogenic risks to human health from exposure to trace metals through the consumption of this honey.
Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research , 2020
The aim of the present study was to assess quality of East Gojjam honey with respect to physicochemical properties and levels of some heavy metals. Three honey samples were collected from Markets of East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Region, Ethiopia and analyzed for some major quality parameters such as pH, electric conductivity, moisture, Total solid, ash content, free acidity, reducing sugar, total sugar, non reducing sugar, total sugar, Hydroxymethylfurfural and color. The results were found to be 3.98-4.12, 0.35-0.65 mS/cm, 17.53-18.19%, 81.8- 82.38%, 0.09- 0.26%, 35.33-46.67 mg/kg, 45.09-63.79%, 61.40-68.11%, 4.30-16.51%, and12.12-23.98 mg/kg, 0.21-0.61 respectively. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in pH, moisture content, free acidity, electrical conductivity, ash content, reducing sugar and color of the honey samples from the three different areas. Some of the levels of heavy metal contents were determined by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The optimized wet digestion method for honey sample analysis was found to be efficient for the metals determined and it was validated through the recovery experiment and a good percentage recovery was obtained (84.45 98.0%).Among the seven heavy metals analyzed for honey Cd and Pb were not detected, hence below the method detection limit. However, the concentration of Fe was found in highest amount with mean concentration ranging from (0.59 to 5.39 μg/g followed by Cr with mean concentration range of (0.22-0.46 μg/g, Cu (0.271-0.278 μg/g, Mn (0.008-0.33 μg/g and Ni (0.04-0.14 μg/g). Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed between Cr, Fe and Mn in all sample sites. The results obtained were in agreement with data reported in the literature and the metals content and the physicochemical properties investigated in honey samples were found within the ranges established by national and international standards, except non-reducing sugar content from Bichena. The slight excess value of sucrose content of honey from Bichena may be due to adulteration of the honey by addition of commercial sugar to honey. Keywords: Honey, heavy metals, Physicochemical Properties, Wet Digestion
Detection of the Concentration of Some Metals in the Honey Product in Dawuro Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia
Journal of Analytical & Bioanalytical Techniques, 2019
Naturally honey contains a variety of mineral elements which mostly indicates the botanical origin of honey and contamination by environmental sources. This study was done to determine the concentration of metals and to investigate the effects of season and location on concentration of metals in honey produced in Dawuro zone. The ash content of honey was determined by muffle furnace and the content of metals was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The mean values of ash and different metals within the three honey production seasons in Dawuro zone were ranged as: ash content, 0.10-0.14 g/100 g and content of metals (mg/kg):
Levels of heavy metals in a multifloral Saudi honey
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018
The presence of chemical pollutants, especially heavy metals, affects the quality of honey. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of eight heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in honey samples from Al-Baha region in Saudi Arabia, using inductively coupled plasma with optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The highest concentration was found for Zn (1707.93 μg kg −1), while the lowest was found for Co (3.04 μg kg −1). Cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed that two groups are recognized indicating two different metal sources. The first group includes only Zn and the second group includes the rest of the metals. In view of the recommended and established heavy metal intakes for humans, consumption of Saudi honey from Al-Baha should not be deemed a matter of concern for human health.
Trace metal contents and quality parameters (physicochemical properties) such as pH, electrical conductivity and ash content of four Ethiopian honeys were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry, pH-meter, conductivity meter and ashing, respectively. The optimized wet digestion method for honey analysis was found efficient for the metals determined and it was validated through the recovery experiment and a good percentage recovery was obtained (93-104%). Fe was found in highest amount with mean concentration ranging from 5.37 to 12.4 µg/g followed by Ni with mean concentration range of 0.80 to 4.46 µg/g, Cr (1.20-4.33 µg/g), Zn (1.92-4.22 µg/g), Co (0.60-1.17 µg/g), Mn (0.16-0.89 µg/g), Cd (ND-0.69 µg/g) and Cu (0.09-0.47 µg/g). The toxic metal Pb was not detected. The ranges of physicochemical properties determined were summarized as: pH 4.11-4.33, electrical conductivity of 0.10-0.29 mscm-1 and ash content 0.17-0.46%. The metals content and the physicochemical properties investigated in honey samples were found within the ranges established by national and international standards.
2017
Analysis of the concentration of selected heavy metals i.e. cobalt, copper, zinc, iron, lead, manganese, and chromium in honey samples was done in order to determine the level of heavy metals in the study area and to determine the health safety of the honey consumed. The honey samples were from Kapiri Mposhi and Kaoma districts of Zambia. Acid aqueous solution was used in the digestion of the honey samples and an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used to analyze the concentration of heavy metals. Physicochemical properties such as moisture content, Ash content and pH of the honey were also determined. Kapiri Mposhi Sample and from Kaoma sample had moisture content of 13.77% and 15%, respectively. The rest of the samples had moisture content within the world honey standard of 18% to 23%. The ash content values ranged from 2.8% to 15.7%, exceeding the maximum limit allowed of 1%. The pH values recorded were within the accepted range (3.5 –5.5) according to codex standards. The c...