Wideband Reflectarrays for 5G/6G: A Survey (original) (raw)
Related papers
Design and Analysis of Reflectarray Compound Unit Cell for 5G Communication
Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society, 2020
In this paper, a single-layer compound unit element is proposed for reflectarray antenna design operating in Ka-band (26.5-29.5GHz) at the center frequency of 28GHz. A systematic study on the performance of a compound unit element is examined first. The structure of the proposed unit element is a unique combination of two different shape simple patches i.e. cross dipole and square patches. The desired phase range is achieved due to the multi-resonance of both patch elements with a single layer without any air-gap. The compound unit element is simulated by computer models of CST Microwave studio based on the Floquet approach (infinite periodic approach) and it has achieved 348.589o reflection phase range. Furthermore, the analysis of the reflection phase range, S-curve gradient, reflection magnitude, fabrication tolerance, and surface current density is also simulated and demonstrated. Based on the remarkable performance, the proposed element can be considered as the best element of ...
Reflectarray Pattern Optimization for Advanced Wireless Communications
Array Pattern Optimization [Working Title]
A framework for the design and optimization of large dual-linear polarized, shaped-beam reflectarrays for advanced wireless communications is presented. The methodology is based on the generalized intersection approach (IA) algorithm for both phase-only synthesis (POS) and direct optimization of the reflectarray layout, as well as on the use of a method of moments in the spectral domain assuming local periodicity. A thorough description of the design and optimization procedures is provided. To demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed framework, two examples are considered. The first example is a shaped-beam reflectarray for future 5G base stations working in the millimeter waveband, radiating a sectored-beam pattern in azimuth and squared-cosecant pattern in elevation to provide constant power in the coverage area. The second example is a very large contoured-beam reflectarray for direct-to-home (DTH) broadcasting based on real mission requirements with Southern Asia coverage.
Single- and double-beam reflectarrays for Ka band communication
Sādhanā
The Ka band has found applications in satellite, and radar communications. It is also expected that this band will be utilized for 5G applications. This paper presents single-and double-beam microstrip reflectarrays with single layer and compact size for Ka band communications at 28 GHz. Three different unit cells are investigated in this paper. Single-and double-beam reflectarrays are investigated. The reflectarrays are designed at 28 GHz with a physical size of 10k 9 10k. A pyramidal horn antenna is used for the feeding purpose. The focal-length-to-diameter (F/D) ratio is equal to one. Two different scenarios for single-beam reflectarrays are presented: one with a broadside direction and the other with a 10°tilt angle. The simulation results show that for the broadside single-beam scenario, it is possible to achieve a gain up to 28.5 dB, and a 1-dB gain-bandwidth up to 30.7%. On the other hand, the presented reflectarray for the single-beam design at 10°tilt angle gives a gain of about 26.4 dB, a side lobe level (SLL) of about-15.6 dB, and a 19.3% gain-bandwidth. For the double-beam reflectarray, four different designs at different angles of 5°, 10°, 15°, and 20°have been simulated and compared. Moreover, the simulation results on the double-beam reflectarray show that the double-beam design at 10°is better from the gain and SLL perspectives. Two prototypes for broadside single-beam reflectarrays have been fabricated and measured. The measurement results show a good match with the simulation results. Gain flatness is guaranteed for both the simulated and measured results over the band of interest.
Dielectric Resonator Reflectarray Antenna Unit Cells for 5G Applications
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2018
This paper presents an investigation for the performance comparison of three different unit cell configurations operating at 26 GHz for 5G applications. The unit cells are cross shape dielectric resonator, cross microstrip patch and cross hybrid dielectric resonator. Verification of the comparison has been done by simulations using commercial Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio (CST MWS). The simulated results for reflection phase, slope variation, reflection loss and 10% bandwidth were analyzed and compared. The results indicate that the optimum configuration to be deployed for the reflectarray's unit element in order to fulfill the 5G requirements of a wide bandwidth is the cross hybrid DRA. This configuration is a combination of cross DRA with cross microstrip patch as the parasitic element in order to tune the phase and provide a wide phase range with smooth variation slope. Cross hybrid DRA provided a wide phase range of 520° with 0.77 dB loss and 10% bandwidth of 160 MHz.
Reflectarray research at the communications research centre Canada
IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 2008
It has been a decade since a research program began on reflectarray technology at the Communications Research Centre Canada (CRC). This endeavor has demonstrated the advantages and shortcomings of this technology, the issues that ought to be addressed, and future opportunities. This paper summarizes the outcome of this research in the context of projects that have been carried out, and the resulting insight into reflectarray technology. Design methodology, fabrication process, and measurements results will be briefly discussed for each particular development.
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies
This paper presents the design of two passive shaped-beam reflectarrays acting as passive intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) to enhance 5G millimeter-wave coverage in the 27.2–28.2 GHz band. The reflectarray panels have been designed to generate a broadened and deflected beam in dual-linear polarization (horizontal and vertical). The reflectarray cell provides a robust performance under incidence angles of up to 50°, with more than 360° of phase variation range. Phase-only synthesis based on the generalized intersection approach has been applied to obtain the phase distribution on each reflectarray panel, so that their radiation patterns comply with the beamwidth and pointing requirements of the scenario under study. The two reflectarrays show a stable performance in the 27.2–28.2 GHz band in terms of gain, side-lobe level, and cross-polarization. The results confirm the potential of this technology to implement passive low-cost IRSs that will contribute to improve millimeter-wa...
Circular polarization folded reflectarray antenna for 5G applications
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control)
First and foremost, I wish to express my deepest appreciation to my project supervisor, Dr. Mohd Fairus bin Mohd Yusoff for his valuable guidance, immense knowledge and advice throughout the duration of this project. With his continuous support and encouragement, this project finally has been presented. Apart from that, I would like to take this opportunity to thank my beloved parents and siblings for giving me support and unconditional love throughout my academic years. Their understanding is very important and precious for me. Last but not least, I would like to thank to all my friends for gracing me strength and confidence during this project. They have often motivated and always supported me. I really appreciated it.
Patents on reconfigurable reflectarray antennas
2009
Reflectarray antennas have attracted significant attention due to a number of attractive properties, such as low cost, and conformal deployment capability. In addition, the drive towards flexible radio transceivers, enabling beamforming and multi-beam operation has spurred significant interest towards the design of antenna elements and antenna arrays with reconfigurable capabilities. A review of recent publications and patents on reconfigurable reflectarrays is presented focusing on the different capabilities, technologies and architectures that have been proposed.
Design and Performance Improvement of Broad-Beam Microstrip Reflectarray
This paper presents the design and the effectiveness of reducing the unit cell size of microstrip reflectarray which is duplicated the same radiating aperture as quadratic backscatter. A reflectarrays with variable element sizes and reduced grid spacing have been designed at 10 GHz. For a given number of elements, it is shown that increased gain can be attainted for reduced unit cell size with no significant change in array size.
Performance Improvement in the Design of Broad-Beam Microstrip Reflectarray
This is a theoretical and experimental study of microstrip reflectarray useable in wireless local area networks (WLAN). The effectiveness of reducing the unit cell size of microstrip reflectarray which is duplicated the same radiating aperture as quadratic backscatter was investigated. A reflectarray with variable element sizes and reduced grid spacing have been designed at 10 GHz. For a given number of elements, it is shown that increased gain can be attainted for reduced unit cell size with no significant change in array size. To confirm the validity of this approach, an X-band antenna prototype was designed and developed. It was experimentally tested and showed good performance characteristics.