A Conceptual Framework for an Information Behavior Model Based on the Collaboration Perspective between User and System for Information Retrieval (original) (raw)

Human information behaviour and design, development and evaluation of information retrieval systems

Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of human information behaviour and to explore the relationship between information behaviour of users and the existing approaches dominating design and evaluation of information retrieval (IR) systems and also to describe briefly new design and evaluation methods in which extensive attention is dedicated to the users and their behaviours and conditions. Design/methodology/approach -The paper takes the form of a literature review with particular concentration on the efforts made by information science researchers. Findings -The paper finds that there are four classic approaches to IR systems design: system-centred, user-centred, interactive and cognitive. Not enough research has been carried out to explore the relationship between information behaviour and information systems design to date. Contextual design and participatory design are among the new methods where users' behaviour, factors and contexts are considered more proactively than previously when designing information systems. Originality/value -The paper introduces new methods and research frameworks being investigated currently in the area of information systems design and evaluation in which considerable attention is given to the users' information behaviour and situation. The paper is also useful in gaining a broad understanding about issues explored that have not previously been presented in one publication.

Assessment of the effects of user characteristics on mental models of information retrieval systems

2001

Abstract This article reports the results of a study that investigated effects of four user characteristics on users' mental models of information retrieval systems: educational and professional status, first language, academic background, and computer experience. The repertory grid technique was used in the study. Using this method, important components of information retrieval systems were represented by nine concepts, based on four IR experts' judgments.

Towards a cognitive theory of information retrieval

Interacting with Computers, 1998

A framework for constructing a cognitive model of users' information searching behaviour is described. The motivation for the framework is to create explanatory and predictive theories of information searching to improve the design of information retrieval (IR) systems. The framework proposes a taxonomy of components for process models of the information seeking task, information need types and knowledge sources necessary to support the task. The framework is developed into a preliminary version of a cognitive theory of information searching by the addition of strategies and correspondence rules which predict user behaviour in different task stages according to information need types, facilities provided by the IR system and knowledge held by the user. The theory is evaluated by using claims analysis based on empirical observations of users information retrieval and by a walkthrough of an IR session to investigate how well the theory can account for empirical evidence. Results show that the theory can indicate the expert strategies which should be followed in different task contexts but predictions of actual user behaviour are less accurate. The future possibilities for employing the theoretical model as a tutorial advisor for information retrieval and as an evaluation method for IR systems are reviewed. The role and potential of cognitive theories of user task-action in Information Retrieval and Human Computer Interaction are discussed. 0 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.

A study of information seeking and retrieving. I. Background and methodology

Readings in information …, 1997

The objectives of the study were to conduct a series of observations and experiments under as real-life a situation as possible related to: (i) user context of questions in information retrieval; (ii) the structure and classification of questions; (iii) cognitive traits and decision making of searchers; and (iv) different searches of the same question. The study is presented in three parts: Part I presents the background ot the study and describes the models, measures, methods, procedures, and statistical analyses used. Part II is devoted to results related to users, questions, and effectiveness measures, and Part III to results related to searchers, searches, and overlap studies. A concluding summary of all results is presented in Part III.

A Review of the Cognitive Information Retrieval Concept, Process and Techniques

Journal of Global Research in Computer Sciences, 2013

The word "cognitive" refers to the thought process toward awareness or knowledge. In terms of Cognitive Science, it provides bridge between information processing, conceptualization of the resources, perceptual skills and topics related to the cognitive psychology. By retrieving information that based on cognitive concepts, process and techniques one can represent the current user’s information need, their problem state and domain work or area of interest in the outline of structure and casualties. This poly-representational approach leads to cognitive process which is multitasking in the way of perception, attention, interpretation, understanding and remembrance of human behaviour interaction. With the help of implementation techniques of relevance feedback which validate and provide reliability metrics to calculate user behaviour using knowledge domain visualization, Training frameworks provide users how to proceed in searching and retrieving information

An analysis of two approaches in information retrieval: From frameworks to study designs

2007

There is a well-known gap between Systems-oriented IR and User-oriented IR, which Cognitive IR seeks to bridge. It is therefore interesting to analyze approaches at the level of frameworks, models, and study designs. This article is an exercise in such an analysis, focusing on two significant approaches to IR, the Lab IR approach and Ingwersen's Cognitive IR approach. It focuses on their research frameworks, models, hypotheses, laws and theories, study designs and possible contributions. The two approaches are found quite different. This becomes apparent in the use of independent, controlled and dependent variables in the study designs of each approach. Thus each approach is capable of contributing very differently to understanding and developing information access. The article also discusses integrating the approaches at the study design level.

Model of Information Retrieval in the Context of Organizations

Pakistan Journal of Information Management and Libraries, 2018

An information retrieval model is presented as a result of a study of two different but integrated perspectives of Information Science. On the one hand, Information Science is considered from the point of view of Information Management, and on the other from the Information Science retrieval. The latter encompasses the point of view of some cognitivist authors who have created an information retrieval model and these have been exhaustively studied. This appraisal begins with the intention of finding realistic solutions to the problems in order that the information chain can flow unhindered and, thus, enable to achieve the objectives for which the information was generated.

Cognitive Perspectives of Information Retrieval Interaction: Elements of a Cognitive Ir Theory

Journal of Documentation, 1996

The objective of the paper is to amalgamate theories of text retrieval from various research traditions into a cognitive theory for information retrieval interaction. Set in a cognitive framework, the paper outlines the concept of polyrepresentation applied to both the user's cognitive space and the information space of IR systems. The concept seeks to represent the current user's information need, problem state, and domain work task or interest in a structure of causality. Further, it implies that we should apply different methods of representation and a variety of IR techniques of different cognitive and functional origin simultaneously to each semantic full-text entity in the information space. The cognitive differences imply that by applying cognitive overlaps of information objects, originating from different interpretations of such objects through time and by type, the degree of uncertainty inherent in IR is decreased. Polyrepresentation and the use of cognitive overlaps are associated with, but not identical to, data fusion in IR. By explicitly incorporating all the cognitive structures participating in the interactive communication processes during IR, the cognitive theory provides a comprehensive view of these processes. It encompasses the ad hoc theories of text retrieval and IR techniques hitherto developed in mainstream retrieval research. It has elements in common with van Rijsbergen and Lalmas' logical uncertainty theory [1] and may be regarded as compatible with that conception of IR. Epistemologically speaking, the theory views IR interaction as processes of cognition, potentially occurring in all the information processing components of IR, that may be applied, in particular, to the user in a situational context. The theory draws upon basic empirical results from information seeking investigations in the operational online environment, and from mainstream IR research on partial matching techniques and relevance feedback.

Psychological aspects of information retrieval

The paper introduces the relationships between information retrieval (IR) and the psychological disciplines that contribute to the understanding of knowledge generation, acquisition and use. Other fields closely related to psychology-such as sociology, linguistics, philosophy, epistemology and AI-are briefly discussed in connection with the IR process and the 'best match' principle. Each major step in IR can be viewed as a problemsolving task for the individuals and system devices involved. Hence, perception, information processing, thinking, representation and categorization of knowledge, communicative behaviour, etc. are of major importance to IR. Initially, the paper provides a conceptual framework to which the different fields are related. This is followed by a short outline of three philosophical and epistemological approaches regarded as valuable to information science: the cognitive point of view; paradigm theories; Popper's World 3 model. The close relationship between the cognitive sciences and information science is emphasized and an evolutionary model concerned with views on the development of IR method is suggested. Finally, selected cognitive psychological elements and concepts of interest to IR are discussed, in particular perception and assimilation of information, LTM and STM processing, memory concepts and the dichotomy of IR and conceptual knowledge.

Pioneering models for information interaction in the context of information seeking and retrieval

Journal of Documentation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to clarify the conceptual issues of information behaviour research by reviewing the approaches to information interaction in the context of information seeking and retrieval (IS&R). Design/methodology/approach The study uses the conceptual analysis focussing on four pioneering models for interactive IS&R proposed by Belkin, Ingwersen and Ingwersen and Järvelin. Findings A main characteristic of models for information interaction is the tripartite setting identifying information resources accessible through information systems, intermediary/interface and user. Dialogue is a fundamental constituent of information interaction. Early models proposed by Belkin and Ingwersen focussed on the dialogue occurring in user-intermediary interaction, while more recent frameworks developed by Ingwersen and Järvelin devote more attention to dialogue constitutive of user-information system interaction. Research limitations/implications As the study focusses on fo...