Magneto-mechanical modeling of electrical steel sheets (original) (raw)
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Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings), 2003
iron-silicon laminations are commonly used in electrical engineering. Although these materials are assumed to exhibit a quasi-isotropic behaviour in the sheet plane, some specific coupled properties such as magnetostriction are very sensitive to a weak crystallographic texture. Magnetostriction is the strain mechanism that is induced by a magnetic field. This deformation contributes to the noise emitted by electrical machines. An experimental study of the process-induced anisotropy is presented, for both elastic and magnetostrictive behaviours. A multi-scale approach is then proposed, taking into account two sources of anisotropy: the usual cubic anisotropy at the grain scale, and the heterogeneous orientation of the grains (crystallographic texture) at the macro scale. It is shown that specific surface effects must be taken into account in the description of the anisotropy of industrial iron-silicon laminations.
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2017
The abilities of a simplified multiscale and a Helmholtz energy based models from literature to predict the multiaxial stress dependent magnetic hysteresis behavior of electrical steel sheets are analyzed. The identification of the models are performed using only uniaxial magneto-mechanical measurements. Reasonable accuracy between the measurements and the modeled results are obtained. With this study, the applicability of the Helmholtz energy based model for predicting the multiaxial magneto-mechanical behavior of electrical steel sheets is verified for the first time. The differences between the studied models and possible modifications to increase the accuracy of them are discussed. Some brief guidelines for the applications are given.
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2019
Compact and high speed electromechanical systems lead to higher and higher levels of multiaxial mechanical stress, that may strongly change the magnetic behavior of materials, making the development of highly accurate magnetic models a very important task. Among all available magnetoelastic models, multiscale approaches seem to be the most promising.The coupling effect is introduced at the single crystal scale, mainly attributed to the evolution of magnetic domain structures under magneto-mechanical loading. All these models use however a formulation of free energy where the energetic term describing magneto-elastic coupling is linearly stress dependent, that hardly allow (using artificial mechanisms) providing non-monotonic stress effect on the magnetic behavior. The proposition detailed in this paper is to consider a second order stress term in the free energy expression, allowing a linear dependance of magnetostriction tensor with stress to be defined and providing the non-monotonous stress effect. This introduction leads to a more complex description of magnetoelastic effect that needs the identification of a large number of complementary material constants. In this paper, developments are made in the frame of cubic symmetry for first order magneto-elastic term (joining the classical description) and considering an isotropic second order stress effect for the sick of simplicity. This simplification leads to only two additive physical constants to be identified. An identification procedure is proposed and applied to model the magnetoelastic behavior a non-oriented (NO) 3wt%silicon-iron electrical steel.
A hybrid product-multi-scale model for magneto-elastic behavior of soft magnetic materials
Physica B: Condensed Matter, 2019
Magnetic properties of electrical steels exhibit a strong sensitivity to mechanical stress; this phenomenon is known as magneto-elastic coupling. Mechanical stress affects microstructural features of soft magnetic materials, which in turn leads to a change in their magnetic characteristics. Therefore, the magnetoelastic coupling in these materials needs to be studied and modeled accurately. This paper is devoted to the development of an analytical magneto-elastic hysteresis model. A recently proposed analytical hysteresis model based on Kádár product approach is modified to model the magnetoelastic effects using a multi-scale approach. The proposed model is validated using the quasi-static hysteresis loops measured for a non-oriented (NO) material (M235-35A) subjected to uni-axial compressive stress and tensile stress. The proposed formalism is applicable to model the reversible effects of stress (in elastic range) and it offers a closed form equation. A stress-dependent coercive parameter is introduced in this equation using a simple numerical procedure. Thus the model can be implemented easily in circuit and field analyses.
An Improved Engineering Model of Vector Magnetic Properties of Grain-Oriented Electrical Steels
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2008
This paper presents an improved magnetic reluctivity model for vector magnetic properties of anisotropic electrical steel sheet based on Chua-type model using Fourier series expansion of measured B and H waveforms in the viewpoint of engineering application. In the modeling, B-spline surface interpolation is adopted to obtain smooth approximation of measured data. The accuracy of the proposed magnetic reluctivity model is verified by comparing its modeling results with experimentally measured Band H-waveforms with 30PG110 grain-oriented silicon steel sheet. The nonlinear finite element (FE) formulation is also derived to incorporate the proposed reluctivity model, and applied to magnetic field analysis of a single phase transformer core model. By comparing the numerical results with experimental ones, the effectiveness of the reluctivity model and FE formulation is investigated.
A Parametric Magneto-Dynamic Model of Soft Magnetic Steel Sheets
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2000
This paper deals with a new analytical parametric magneto-dynamic model of a thin soft magnetic steel sheet (SMSS). The interdependence of the magnetic field and eddy currents inside such an SMSS is calculated by dividing the sheets into an arbitrary number of slices. Using an adequate number of slices, the magnetic field and eddy currents are described piece-wise uniformly across the SMSS for a given excitation dynamics. Dynamic hysteresis loops for arbitrary excitations can be calculated using the proposed model. The calculated results are validated by the measurements on a non-oriented SMSS.
Measurement and Modeling of 2-D Magnetostriction of Nonoriented Electrical Steel
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2000
Magnetostriction of nonoriented electrical steel was measured under rotating flux magnetization conditions which occur in AC electrical machine stator cores, and compared with the magnetostriction calculated from a model based on a mechanical elasticity analogy. Shear magnetostriction and magnetostriction perpendicular to the magnetization direction are accounted for in the model which leads to an accurate representation of magnetostriction throughout the electrical steel lamination plane. This has the potential for improving the accuracy of stator core deformation and vibration calculations.