Verticillium andFusarium Wilts of Cotton: Molecular Genetic MarkersforDisease Resistance (original) (raw)
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Genetics of Verticillium Wilt Resistance in Cotton
2017
Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a major constraint to cotton production in almost all countries where cotton is cultivated. Developing new cotton cultivars resistant to Verticillium wilt is the most effective and feasible way to combat the problem. Little is known about the inheritance of resistance to Verticillium wilt of cotton, especially that caused by the defoliating and non-defoliating pathotypes of the soilborne fungus V. dahliae. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of seedling reactions to representative isolates defoliating and non-defoliating of V. dahliae in crosses of the resistant cotton Giza 45 and Tex with susceptible Albania. F1, F2, and backcross-F1 populations were inoculated to determine the mode of inheritance of seedlings by the stem-injection method. The Chi-square test for goodness of fit was used to analyse segregating populations. Two independent recessive genes appeared to control resistance of Giza 45 an...
Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 2013
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is crucial for the textile industry worldwide. Among the diseases attacking cotton, Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb. is the most significant. Isolates of V. dahliae can be classified into defoliating and non-defoliating pathotypes. Thirty-two isolates of the non-defoliating pathotype and one isolate of a virulent, defoliating pathotype were analysed by the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) method. Three hundred and forty AFLP fragments were obtained with nine primer combinations. The number of total bands per primer pair ranged from 16 to 81, with an average of 37.7. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) value for the AFLP products was 0.50. Using the genotypic data, genetic distance analysis was performed. The maximum variation was found between isolates (Vd11) Nazilli and (Vd16) Soke, at a value of 0.79 and the minimum variation was found between isolates (Vd20) Aydin and (Vd14) Soke, at 0.24. The unweighted paired group method with arithmetic averages cluster analysis (UPGMA) was used to discriminate the V. dahliae isolates into five subgroups. Defoliating pathotypes (Vd33) from Soke province formed a single subgroup. As a result, it was found that there was significant variation among Verticillium isolates. AFLP analysis is an efficient and effective marker technology for determining genetic relationships among Verticillium isolates.
Plants, 2021
Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is the best plant fiber source in the world and provides the raw material for industry. Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb. is accepted as a major disease of cotton production. The most practical way to deal with verticillium wilt is to develop resistant/tolerant varieties after cultural practices. One of the effective selections in plant breeding is the use of marker-assisted selection (MAS) via quantitative trait loci (QTL). Therefore, in this study, we aimed to discover the genetic markers associated with the disease. Through the association mapping analysis, common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were obtained using 4730 SNP alleles. As a result, twenty-three markers were associated with defoliating (PYDV6 isolate) pathotype, twenty-one markers with non-defoliating (Vd11 isolate) pathotype, ten QTL with Disease Severity Index (DSI) of the leaves at the 50–60% boll opening period and eight markers were associated with DSI in...
Evaluation of cotton cultivars for resistance to pathotypes of Verticillium dahliae
Crop Protection, 2009
After the recent detection of serious losses caused by Verticillium wilt of cotton, incited by the defoliating pathotype of Verticillium dahliae in the Aegean Region of Turkey, 28 of the most commonly grown cotton cultivars (Gossypium hirsutum L.) of Turkey, were evaluated for the presence of field resistance to wilt. Six-week-old plants were inoculated with a cotton nondefoliating (ND) or a cotton defoliating (D) pathotype of V. dahliae under controlled conditions. Resistance was evaluated on the basis of external symptoms by calculating areas under disease progress curves. The percentage of plants killed and of those which recovered from the disease was used as additional parameters for including a particular cultivar into a defined category. Most of the evaluated cultivars were susceptible, although at different levels, to both pathotypes of V. dahliae. All cultivars were more susceptible to the D than to the ND pathotype. The most promising cultivars in the experiments appeared to be Carmen and ST-373. Carmen showed differential resistance: it was susceptible to the D but resistant to the ND pathotype. ST-373 was moderately susceptible to both pathotypes of V. dahliae. A resistance related phenotypic reaction to the disease was quantified by using six growth parameters (plant height, number of nodes, leaf weight, stem weight, leaf to stem ratio, and total shoot weight) measured 13 d after inoculation. The percentage decrease in leaf-stem ratio and leaf weight were found to be the best indicators of resistance. Results obtained in this study will be useful to quantify resistance to V. dahliae and identify the best parameters to phenotype in genetic studies.
The Verticillium wilt problem in Australian cotton
Australasian Plant Pathology, 2021
Verticillium dahliae is a soil-borne phytopathogen and the causal agent of Verticillium wilt. It affects many agriculturally important crops around the world, including cotton. In Australia, the billion-dollar cotton industry is increasingly impacted by Verticillium wilt. Internationally it has been reported that the defoliating V. dahliae Vegetative Compatibility Group (VCG) 1A causes severe damage to cotton. In Australia however, the non-defoliating VCG2A is causing more severe damage to crops in fields than the defoliating VCG1A. This review examines the current research to understand the Australian V. dahliae situation, including current classification systems, genetic analyses and management strategies. It appears that virulence cannot be defined solely by VCG in Australian Verticillium dahliae isolates causing disease in cotton, and that the industry must continually adapt their practices in order to keep the disease under control.
Fungal Diversity Associated with Verticillium Wilt of Cotton
Pakistan Journal of Botany
The association of fungal diversity with Verticillium wilt is rarely known, which is important to know for the control of this detrimental disease. Our study is the preliminary attempt to find the associations of fungal diversity with Verticillium wilt and provides the baseline information for biological control. About 30 different fungi from soil and 23 from cotton plants were isolated and confirmed through molecular characterization. The colony forming unit (CFU)/g dry soil of fungi before and after planting cotton showed significant variation among all the fungi. The overall frequency of all fungi for soil after sowing was significantly higher than before sowing. A. alternata, F. equiseti, F. concentricum, A. flavus, F. proliferatum, and Chaetomium sp. associated with high resistance (Arcot-1) to Verticillium wilt, whereas, V. dahliae, A. niger and Paecilomyces sp., with high susceptible (Arcot-438) germplasm. However, T. basicola, C. ramotenellum and G. intermedia were isolated ...
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology
Verticillium Wilt Disease is one of the most important diseases affecting the rate of cotton yield. There is no economic chemical control for Verticillium wilt, but it is recommended to use resistant varieties to control this disease. This experiment was carried out in a randomized plot design with four replications in the growth chamber to determine the response of some cotton cultivars against a defoliating and non-defoliating pathotypes of Verticilllium dahliae Kleb. In the study, a total of twenty cotton cultivars i.e. the resistant control GIZA 75, the tolerant control CARMEN and the susceptible control ACALA SJ2, defoliating (PYDV6 isolate) and non-defoliating (Vd 11 isolate) pathotypes were used, and cotton varieties were tested using conidial suspension technique. Analysis of variance showed significantly (P