Multiple molecular targets in cancer chemoprevention by curcumin (original) (raw)

Curcumin: A potential candidate in prevention of cancer via modulation of molecular pathways.

Cancer is the most dreadful disease worldwide in terms of morbidity and mortality. The exact cause of cancer development and progression is not fully known. But it is thought that cancer occurs due to the structural and functional changes in the genes. The current approach to cancer treatment based on allopathic is expensive, exhibits side effects; and may also alter the normal functioning of genes. Thus, a safe and effective mode of treatment is needed to control the cancer development and progression. Some medicinal plants provide a safe, effective and affordable remedy to control the progression of malignant cells. The importance of medicinal plants and their constituents has been documented in Ayurveda, Unani medicine, and various religious books. Curcumin, a vital constituent of the spice turmeric, is an alternative approach in the prevention of cancer. Earlier studies have shown the effect of curcumin as an antioxidant, antibacterial, antitumor and it also has a noteworthy role in the control of different diseases. In this review, we summarize the understanding of chemopreventive effects of curcumin in the prevention of cancer via the regulation of various cell signaling and genetic pathways.

Potential Anticancer Properties and Mechanisms of Action of Curcumin

Anticancer Research, 2015

Curcumin, a yellow substance belonging to the polyphenols superfamily, is the active component of turmeric, a common Indian spice, which is derived from the dried rhizome of the Curcuma longa plant. Numerous studies have demonstrated that curcumin possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancerous properties. The purpose of this review is to focus on the anti-tumor effects of curcumin. Curcumin inhibits the STAT3 and NF-ĸB signaling pathways, which play key-roles in cancer development and progression. Also, inhibition of Sp-1 and its housekeeping gene expressions may serve as an important hypothesis to prevent cancer formation, migration, and invasion. Recent data have suggested that curcumin may act by suppressing the Sp-1 activation and its downstream genes, including ADEM10, calmodulin, EPHB2, HDAC4, and SEPP1 in a concentration-dependent manner in colorectal cancer cell lines; these results are consistent with other studies, which have reported that curcumin could suppress the Sp-1 activity in bladder cancer and could decrease DNA binding activity of Sp-1 in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells. Recent data advocate that ER stress and autophagy may as well play a role in the apoptosis process, which is induced by the curcumin analogue B19 in an epithelial ovarian tumor cell line and that autophagy inhibition could increase curcumin analogue-induced apoptosis by inducing severe ER stress. The ability of curcumin to induce apoptosis in tumor cells and its anti-angiogenic potential will be discussed in this review. Curcumin, a yellow substance belonging to the polyphenols superfamily, is the active component of turmeric, a common Indian spice, which is derived from the dried rhizome of the Curcuma longa plant (1-2). Turmeric contains three principal components, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, of which curcumin is the most abundant and potent (3-6). Curcumin comprises approximately 2%-5% of turmeric (7). Numerous studies have demonstrated that curcumin possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties (8-18). Its ability to induce apoptosis in tumor cells and anti-angiogenic potential will be discussed in this review.

The Role of Curcumin in Cancer Treatment

Biomedicines

Curcumin is a polyphenol extracted from the rhizomes of the turmeric plant, Curcuma longa which has anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Chronic inflammation is associated with the development of cancer. Curcumin acts on the regulation of various immune modulators, including cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which partly explains its anticancer effects. It also takes part in the downregulation of growth factors, protein kinases, oncogenic molecules and various signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling. Clinical trials of curcumin have been completed or are ongoing for various types of cancer. This review presents the molecular mechanisms of curcumin in different types of cancer and the evidence from the most recent clinical trials.

The Multifaceted Role of Curcumin in Cancer Prevention and Treatment

Molecules, 2015

Despite significant advances in treatment modalities over the last decade, neither the incidence of the disease nor the mortality due to cancer has altered in the last thirty years. Available anti-cancer drugs exhibit limited efficacy, associated with severe side effects, and are also expensive. Thus identification of pharmacological agents that do not have these disadvantages is required. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric (Curcumin longa), is one such agent that has been extensively studied over the last three to four decades for its potential anti-inflammatory and/or anti-cancer effects. Curcumin has been found to suppress initiation, progression, and metastasis of a variety of tumors. These anti-cancer effects are predominantly mediated through its negative regulation of various

Anti-carcinogenic and therapeutic properties of curcumin

Journal of Cancer Research and Metastasis , 2018

In spite of great progress in therapeutic practices over the past decade, neither the incidence nor the deaths from cancer have changed over the past thirty years. Existing anticancer drugs have limited efficacy, severe complications, and high costs expensive. Hence, identifying pharmaceutical agents lacking these disadvantages is required. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), bioactive phenolic component of turmeric derived from the curcuma longa linn rhizome, is such a factor that over the past three to four decades extensive in vitro and in vivo studies have shown it to have anti-cancer, antiviral, anti amyloid, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The underlying mechanisms of these effects are various and seem to include different molecular targets, such as transcription factors, growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, protein kinases, enzymes, and the like. This paper reviews modulated molecular-targets of curcumin and its signaling paths. Moreover, in the status quo, a number of curcumin nano-formulations and its use in cancer treatment were discussed.

Role of Curcumin in Cancer Therapy

Current Problems in Cancer, 2007

A lthough our knowledge of cancer biology has advanced a great deal, neither the incidence of cancer nor the rate of death due to cancer has changed in the last 50 years. Most drugs currently available for the treatment of cancer have limited potential because they are very toxic, highly inefficient in treating cancer, or highly expensive and thus beyond the reach of the majority. Treatments without these disadvantages are needed. Curcumin is one such agent; derived from turmeric (Curcumin longa), it has been used for thousands of years in the Orient as a healing agent for variety of illnesses. Research over the last few decades has shown that curcumin is a potent antiinflammatory agent with strong therapeutic potential against a variety of cancers. Curcumin has been shown to suppress transformation, proliferation, and metastasis of tumors. These effects are mediated through its regulation of various transcription factors, growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, protein kinases, and other enzymes. It also inhibits proliferation of cancer cells by arresting them in various phases of the cell cycle and by inducing apoptosis. Moreover, curcumin has the ability to inhibit carcinogen bioactivation via suppression of specific cytochrome P450 isozymes, and to induce the activity or expression of phase II carcinogen detoxifying enzymes, which may account for its cancer chemopreventive effects. Curcumin has been shown to have protective and therapeutic effects against cancers of the blood, skin, oral cavity, lung, pancreas, and intestinal tract, and to suppress angiogenesis and metastasis in rodents. The current review focuses on the molecular mechanisms by which curcumin mediates its effects against various cancers. Curcumin is the most active component of turmeric, a botanical agent derived from the dried rhizome of the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa), a perennial herb belonging to the ginger family that is cultivated extensively in south and southeast tropical Asia. The rhizome, or root, is processed into turmeric powder, which is 2% to 5% curcumin. Turmeric is widely consumed in the Indian subcontinent, south Asia, and Japan. 1 It has a variety of uses;

Curcumin mediates anticancer effects by modulating multiple cell signaling pathways

Clinical Science, 2017

Curcumin, a component of a spice native to India, was first isolated in 1815 by Vogel and Pelletier from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and, subsequently, the chemical structure of curcumin as diferuloylmethane was reported by Milobedzka et al. [(1910) 43., 2163-2170]. Since then, this polyphenol has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. The current review primarily focuses on the anticancer potential of curcumin through the modulation of multiple cell signaling pathways. Curcumin modulates diverse transcription factors, inflammatory cytokines, enzymes, kinases, growth factors, receptors, and various other proteins with an affinity ranging from the pM to the mM range. Furthermore, curcumin effectively regulates tumor cell growth via modulation of numerous cell signaling pathways and potentiates the effect of chemotherapeutic agents and radiation against cancer. Curcumin can interact with most ...

Curcumin: From Exotic Spice to Modern Anticancer Drug

Al Ameen Journal of …

Inhibition of defined molecular steps of tumourigenesis by natural non-toxic compounds may be an efficient means to tackle the population cancer burden. Extensive research has addressed the chemotherapeutic potential of curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a relatively nontoxic plant derived polyphenol. Curcumin is used for centuries in cuisine and indigenous medicine against several major human diseases. Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Disruption of a proper regulation of cell proliferation can ultimately cause cancer. Most human malignancies are driven by chromosomal translocations or other genetic alterations that directly affect the function of critical cell cycle proteins such as cyclins as well as tumor suppressors, e.g., p53. In this regard, curcumin, the yellow pigment of the spice turmeric, has been reported to have immense potentialility for being used in cancer chemotherapy because of its control over the cell growth regulatory mechanisms and for its anti-inflammatory, anti-toxic and anti-oxidative properties. Increasingly reports are showing that curcumin can induce apoptosis in a wide variety of cancer cells. The mechanisms implicated in the inhibition of tumorigenesis by curcumin are diverse and seem to involve a combination of cell signalling pathways at multiple levels. When curcumin is combined with some cytotoxic drugs or certain other diet-derived polyphenols, synergistic effects have been demonstrated. Taken together, this review seeks to summarise the unique properties of curcumin that may be exploited for successful clinical cancer prevention.

Curcumin: a Polyphenol with Molecular Targets for Cancer Control

2016

Curcumin, is a polyphenol from Curcuma longa (turmeric plant), is a polyphenol that belongs to the ginger family which has long been used in Ayurveda medicines to treat various diseases such as asthma, anorexia, coughing, hepatic diseases, diabetes, heart diseases, wound healing and Alzheimer's. Various studies have shown that curcumin has anti-infectious, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, thrombosuppressive, cardio protective, anti-arthritic, chemo preventive and anti-carcinogenic activities. It may suppress both initiation and progression stages of cancer. Anticancer activity of curcumin is due to negative regulation of inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors, protein kinases, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oncogenes. This review focuses on the different targets of curcumin to treat cancer.

An overview on anti-carcinogenic properties of curcumin

2019

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a type of herb that belongs to the ginger family. Turmeric is a spice that has been used widely in a variety of food items in India as a flavoring and coloring agent. Curcumin is present in the form of 1, 7-bis (4-hydroxy-3methoxy phenyl) -1, 6-heptadiene-3, 5-dione) it also works as a compounds of phenol and is the main ingredient in the rhizome of the herb naming, Curcuma longa, which is extracted as a yellow pigment from the powdered form which is called as turmeric, the rhizome from 2000 BC which also is known as anti-inflammatory agent. Researches have been done over the last 50 years which reported that curcumin can treat and prevent cancer. Pharmacologically, curcumin has been found to be safe. It has been directed at doses up to 10g/day. Many of the researches have suggested that curcumin has a huge prospective in the anticipation & chemotherapy of cancer. Despite excessive progress in beneficial practices over the last ten years, neither the freq...