Co-liquefaction of Yatağan lignite and waste tire under catalytic conditions. Part 1. Effect of fresh tetraline and recycled tetraline on the conversion (original) (raw)
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Effect of Advanced Catalysts on Tire Waste Pyrolysis Oil.pdf
This study aims to examine the effect of various advanced catalysts on tire waste pyrolysis oil using a small pilot-scale pyrolysis reactor with a capacity of 20 L. The catalytic pyrolysis with activated alumina (Al2O3) catalyst produced maximum liquid oil (32 wt.%) followed by activated calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) (26 wt.%), natural zeolite (22 wt.%) and zeolite (H-SDUSY) (14 wt.%) catalysts, whereas liquid oil yield of 40% was obtained without catalyst. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry results confirmed the pyrolysis liquid oil produced without catalyst consist of up to 93.3% of mixed aromatic compounds. The use of catalysts decreased the concentration of aromatic compounds in liquid oil down to 60.9% with activated calcium hydroxide, 71.0% with natural zeolite, 84.6% with activated alumina, except for synthetic zeolite producing 93.7% aromatic compounds. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy data revealed that the mixture of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds were found in all liquid oil samples, which further confirmed the gas chromatography results. The characteristics of pyrolysis liquid oil had viscosity (1.9 cSt), density (0.9 g/cm3), pour point (-2 °C) and flash point (27 °C), similar to conventional diesel. The liquid oil had higher heating values, key feature of a fuel, in the range of 42-43.5 MJ/kg that is same to conventional diesel (42.7 MJ/kg). However, liquid oil requires post-treatments, including refining and blending with conventional diesel to be used as a transport fuel, source of energy and value-added chemicals.
Pyrolysis of Lubricant Waste into Liquid Fuel using Zeolite Catalyst
International Journal of Research in Vocational Studies (IJRVOCAS), 2022
The number of means of transportation in Indonesia continues to increase from year to year. Along with this, the amount of used oil waste oil becomes something more useful by considering the high hydrocarbon content, namely the pyrolysis method with a raw material ratio of 1:1 to be converted into liquid fuel which is ready to be commercialized by catalytic cracking process using a zeolite catalyst of a certain amount. 25% by weight of the raw material which is useful for accelerating the reaction so as to save energy use and improve the quality of the resulting product. Observations were made by looking at the effect of temperature variations ranging from 250oC, 300oC, 350oC, to the results of the pyrolysis process which aims to obtain the optimal process temperature.
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2018
Liquid fuels from polypropylene plastic waste and co-reactants biodiesel from nyamplung oil (Calophyllum Inophylum) have been successfully performed by catalytic cracking method. The catalyst used is Al-MCM-41: Ceramics with ratio 7:3. The catalyst was characterized by XRD, SEM, Pyridine-FTIR, N2-Adsorption-Desorption, and the product of catalytic cracking were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The Liquid fuels obtained was mixed with commercial fuels (Premium RON 88) and methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) with ratio (10:87.5:2.5). The results showed liquid fuels have the largest percentage of gasoline (C7-C12) are 93.92 fraction produced. The performance of liquid fuels is enhanced with the additive MTBE investigated by generator set engine with gasoline-based fuel. Physical characteristic as density, caloric value, viscosity of liquid fuels were also investigated before and after adding commercial fuels. The performance of liquid fuels has optimum thermal efficiency (BTE) at 2090 watts loading of 27.18%. Addition of MTBE improving the physical characteristic of liquid fuels. Characteristic of liquid fuels produced were also suitable with commercial gasoline standard.Liquid fuels from polypropylene plastic waste and co-reactants biodiesel from nyamplung oil (Calophyllum Inophylum) have been successfully performed by catalytic cracking method. The catalyst used is Al-MCM-41: Ceramics with ratio 7:3. The catalyst was characterized by XRD, SEM, Pyridine-FTIR, N2-Adsorption-Desorption, and the product of catalytic cracking were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The Liquid fuels obtained was mixed with commercial fuels (Premium RON 88) and methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) with ratio (10:87.5:2.5). The results showed liquid fuels have the largest percentage of gasoline (C7-C12) are 93.92 fraction produced. The performance of liquid fuels is enhanced with the additive MTBE investigated by generator set engine with gasoline-based fuel. Physical characteristic as density, caloric value, viscosity of liquid fuels were also investigated before and after adding commercial fuels. The performance of liquid fuels has optimum thermal efficiency (BTE) at ...