The Factors Influencing Galectin-3 Levels in Acute Coronary Syndrome with Decreased Left Ventricular Function (original) (raw)
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Levels of Galectin-3 in Chronic Heart Failure: A Case-Control Study
Cureus
Introduction Heart failure (HF) is a progressive clinical syndrome resulting from various cardiac disorders. Galectin-3 promotes adverse cardiac remodeling leading to chronic heart failure (CHF). Aim To estimate the levels of galectin-3 in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients and controls and to determine the association between galectin-3 levels with age, gender, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Materials and methods The levels of plasma galectin-3 were estimated in CHF patients from January 2013 to October 2013 at Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The study was a case-control study. A total of 55 CHF patients were recruited as cases, and 55 controls were enrolled for the study. Participants' profiles were documented, and 5 mL of blood sample was collected. Galectin-3 levels in plasma were estimated by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 version. Mean, SD, and percentages were used to compare the characteristics of the two groups. The student's t-test was used to compare galectin-3 levels between CHF patients and the controls. ANOVA was employed to compare galectin-3 levels in the different age groups, gender, and LVEF. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted for plasma galectin-3 in CHF. Results In the present study, the mean age of CHF patients was 55.9±8.1 years and 54.1±9.4 years for controls. Males constituted 63.6% (n=35) and females were 36.4% (n=20) in the CHF group while 67.3% (n=37) were males and 32.7% (n=18) were females in the control group. The mean and SD for plasma galectin-3 was 9.95±2.8 ng/mL among CHF patients, while it was 4.08±1.3 ng/mL among controls (p<0.0001). As the age increased, levels of plasma galectin-3 increased in CHF patients and controls (p<0.00001). However, there was no statistical significance (p >0.05) for levels of galectin-3 among males and females in both groups. There was a highly significant difference in galectin-3 levels among cases and controls when classified into subgroups based on their LVEF (p<0.0001). At the cutoff level of 8 ng/mL, plasma galectin-3 had a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 71% in predicting CHF. Conclusion Galectin-3 helps in identifying CHF due to maladaptive remodeling of the heart. The present study concludes that estimating the plasma levels of galectin-3 is useful in diagnosing CHF.
Scientific Reports
Our study investigates association between Galectin-3 levels and adverse left ventricular remodelling (LVR) at six months. Fifty-seven patients following first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were enrolled in this study and blood samples collected on day 1 from the femoral vein and artery, the right atrium near the coronary sinus and the aortic root, and on day 30, from the cubital vein. Patients with LVESV ≥20% at six months, were included in the LVR group. On day 1, Galectin-3 plasma levels in the femoral vein (10.34 ng/ml ± 3.81 vs 8.22 ng/ml ± 2.34, p = 0.01), and near coronary sinus (10.7 ng/ml ± 3.97 vs 8.41 ng/ml ± 2.56, p = 0.007) were higher in the LVR group. Positive correlations between Galectin-3 levels from aortic root and coronary sinus, aortic root and femoral vein, and coronary sinus and femoral vein, were observed in both groups. On day 30, Galectin-3 concentration in the cubital vein was an independent risk factor of LVR six months post-AMI, demonstrating 1.5-fol...
Trend of Galectin-3 Levels in Patients with Non-ST-Elevation and ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Medicina, 2022
Background and Objectives: Given the fact that galectin-3 has a predictive significance on the development of myocardial dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction, the aim of our study was to examine potential factors that could be important for the dynamics of the concentration of this biomarker in the early postinfarction period. Materials and Methods: This study included 89 patients with a diagnosis of stable angina pectoris (SAP) or the first non-ST elevation (NSTEMI) or ST-elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The study group included 23 patients with the first NSTEMI and 42 patients with STEMI, while the control group consisted of 24 patients with SAP hospitalized for elective PCI without a previous MI. All patients had preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. Galectin-3 levels were determined on days 1, 5, and 30 after PCI. The significance of various independent variables as predictors of galectin-3 concentr...
Journal of surgery and medicine, 2020
Aim: Cardiac fibrosis, a pathological phenomenon in cardiac remodeling, is associated with heart diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of Galectin-3 with N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) levels in patients with heart failure (HF). Methods: A total of 50 patients with HF (patient group) and 30 subjects with normal ejection fractions (control group) were enrolled in this study. Serum galectin-3 levels and plasma NT-pro-BNP were measured in all subjects. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded. The Galectin-3 and NT-pro-BNP levels were compared between the groups. Results: Patients with HF had significantly higher Galectin-3 and NT-pro-BNP levels than control subjects (37.5 (18.0-80.0) versus 12.00 (8.00-14.00), P<0.001; 467.0 (1157.5-5107.2) versus 50.0 (35.0-102.0), P<0.001, respectively). Galectin-3 was correlated with serum glucose, creatine, left atrial diameter, ejection fraction and NT-pro-BNP in the HF patients. There was a positive and significant correlation between the NT-pro-BNP and Galectin-3 levels (r=0.742, P=0.001). In addition, there was an inverse and significant correlation between the ejection fraction and Galectin-3 levels (r=-0.556, P=0.001). Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that galectin-3 and NT-pro-BNP levels are significantly higher in patients with systolic HF. Galectin-3 was positively and significantly correlated with the NT-pro-BNP and inversely correlated with ejection fraction.
Annals of Medicine, 2011
Aims. galectin-3 is an emerging biomarker which has been studied in relatively small heart failure (Hf) cohorts with predominantly systolic Hf. We studied the prognostic value of base-line galectin-3 in a large Hf cohort, with preserved and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (lvef), and compared this to other biomarkers. Methods. We studied 592 Hf patients who had been hospitalized for Hf and were followed for 18 months. The primary end-point was a composite of all-cause mortality and Hf hospitalization. Results. A doubling of galectin-3 levels was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.97 (1.62-2.42) for the primary outcome (P 0.001). After correction for age, gender, BnP, egfR, and diabetes the HR was 1.38 (1.07-1.78; P 0.015). galectin-3 levels were correlated with higher il-6 and CRP levels (P 0.002). Changes of galectin-3 levels after 6 months did not add prognostic information to the base-line value (n 291); however, combining plasma galectin-3 and BnP levels increased prognostic value over either biomarker alone (RoC analysis, P 0.05). The predictive value of galectin-3 was stronger in patients with preserved lvef (n 114) compared to patients with reduced lvef (P 0.001). Conclusions. galectin-3 is an independent marker for outcome in Hf and appears to be particularly useful in Hf patients with preserved lvef.
International Cardiovascular Research Journal, 2014
Galectin-3 is a soluble ß-galactoside-binding lectin released by activated cardiac macrophages. Galectin-3 has been proposed for diagnosis and prognosis of HF patients. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between galectin-3 as a biomarker and ejection fraction and functional capacity in the patients with compensated systolic heart failure. In this study, serum levels of Galectin-3 were measured in 76 patients with compensated heart failure with New York Heart Association class I-IV and left ventricular ejection fraction < 45%. Galectin-3 was measured by an ELISA kit. Besides, echocardiography was used to evaluate left ventricular ejection fraction. Additionally, functional capacity was determined based on the patients' ability to perform a set of activities. After all, the data were analyzed used t-test, Kruskal-Wallis, one-way ANOVA, and chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The patients' age ranged from 45 to 75 ye...
International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
Inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerosis. Galectin-3 is a macrophage- and endothelium-derived mediator actively involved in the regulation of many aspects of inflammatory cell behaviour. The aim of this study is to quantify plasma Galectin-3 in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and different clinical manifestation at the moment of observation in order to verify whether Galectin-3 could be a useful biomarker of atherosclerotic state. We enrolled 125 patients affected by CAD, angiographically documented (70 stable, 55 unstable). They underwent accurate examinations and anamnestic data was collected. The most important traditional risk factors, such as age, hypertension, and body mass index, were reported. Plasma Galectin-3 was quantified using an ELISA kit. Unstable patients (n = 55) had a higher plasma Galectin-3 levels in respect to the stable subjects (27.75 ng/mL (19.27-39.09) vs 6.48 ng/ml (4.88-8.83), p<0.001. A trend in correlation between plasma Galect...
ESC Heart Failure, 2021
Aims Galectin-3 (Gal-3) predicts long-term outcome among patients with heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The ability of Gal-3 to diagnose and predict incident HFpEF in a cohort at risk for HFpEF is of particular interest. We aimed to determine the association between Gal-3 and clinical manifestations of HFpEF, the relationship between Gal-3 and all-cause mortality, or the composite of cardiovascular hospitalization and death. Methods and results The observational Diast-CHF study included patients aged 50 to 85 years with ≥1 risk factor for HF (e.g. hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerotic disease) or previously suspected HF. Patients were followed for 10 years. The association between Gal-3, evidence of diastolic dysfunction, and Framingham criteria for HF was examined. All deaths and hospitalizations were adjudicated as cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular. The analysis population was composed of 1386 subjects (67 years old, 50.9% female). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve to diagnose HFpEF was 0.71. At a cutoff value of 13.57 ng/mL, sensitivity was 0.61 and specificity was 0.73 for Gal-3, and the diagnostic power to detect HFpEF was superior to N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.59, P > 0.001). Baseline Gal-3 was associated with risk factors for HF (P < 0.001). Higher levels of Gal-3 predicted incident HFpEF (P < 0.05), adjusted all-cause mortality (P < 0.001), and the adjusted composite of cardiovascular hospitalization and death (P < 0.001), both independent from N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide. Conclusions Gal-3 differentiated patients with HFpEF from an overall cohort of well-characterized patients with risk factors for HFpEF. Independent of other factors, baseline Gal-3 levels were associated with a higher risk for incident HFpEF, mortality, or the composite of cardiovascular hospitalization and death over 10 year follow-up. In conjunction with clinical parameters, Gal-3 adds a statistically significant value for the diagnosis of HFpEF within this study, yet the clinical relevance remains debatable.