The British Exit from the European Union the Challenges for Business (original) (raw)

The organizational implications of Brexit

Journal of Organization Design

This point-of-view article examines the organizational implications of the UK's exit from the European Union (Brexit). We identify the effects of Brexit on firms' transaction costs in cross-border trade within Europe and highlight the importance of EU residency to secure licenses to operate. We also address how access to skilled labor may be affected by rising restrictions to immigration. Finally, we discuss the possible implications of Brexit for the organizational design of British firms and foreign firms operating in the UK.

The UK's EU Withdrawal Agreement

2019

Application of EU acquis during transition and exceptions 5.3 Exceptions to UK being treated as a Member State in EU law 5.4 Institutional Arrangements 5.5 EU Court jurisdiction 5.6 Fisheries 5.7 Justice and Home Affairs 5.8 International Agreements and the EU's external actions 5.9 Common Foreign and Security Policy 5.10 Duration of the transition period 5.11 Extension of the transition period 5.12 Domestic Legislation required to implement the transition period 5.13 Final Provisions 5.14 Entry into Force 6. Part Five: financial provisions 6.1 What was agreed in the Joint Report? 6.2 Potential cost 6.3 The Withdrawal Agreement UK participation in Union annual budgets to 2020 UK participation in EU programmes in 2019 and 2020 3 Commons Library Briefing, 1 December 2018 EU budget outstanding commitments (reste à liquider) Liabilities Contingent liabilities European Investment Bank European Central Bank European Coal and Steel Community European Investment Fund European Development Fund Facility for Refugees in Turkey and EU Trust funds Defence related agencies 6.4 Other key aspects of the settlement The UK's share of outstanding commitments and liabilities 7. Part Six: Institutional and Final Provisions 7.1 Administering the Agreement: the Joint Committee 7.2 The role of the CJEU and domestic courts 7.3 Dispute Settlement 7.4 Disputes about EU law 8. Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland The Good Friday Agreement How Brexit might affect the Good Friday Agreement The Brexit negotiations Reaction to the backstop 8.2 The text of the Protocol Preamble, entering and exiting the Protocol 8.3 Individual Rights and the Common Travel Area Common Travel Area 8.4 The 'backstop': trade, Single Market provisions and the level playing field Single customs territory, movement of goods What does the Protocol not cover? Fisheries Level playing field provisions 8.5 The UK internal market and technical regulations Protection of the UK internal market 8.6 Tax, agriculture, environment 8.7 State Aid 8.8 North-South cooperation 8.9 Supervision, enforcement and common provisions 8.10 Governance 9. Protocols on UK Sovereign Base Areas in Cyprus and Gibraltar 9.1 Protocol relating to Sovereign Base Areas in Cyprus 9.2 Protocol on Gibraltar 9.3 The Isle of Man and the Channel Islands 10. What now in the UK and EU? 10.1 Overview of Parliamentary approval in the UK 10.3 The EU (Withdrawal Agreement) Bill 10.4 Parliament's role in a 'no deal' scenario 10.5 A second UK referendum? 10.6 Approval in the EU 11. Constitutional implications of the texts in the UK 11.1 Extension of the transition period 11.2 The treaty/treaties on the future relationship 11.3 Constitutional status of the Withdrawal Agreement 4 The UK's EU Withdrawal Agreement Appendix: parts of the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland that come into force on exit day 165

Thoughts on Certain Aspects of the Brexit and its Management

AARMS, 2019

This article examines certain aspects related to Brexit and its management -both from the side of the UK and the EU. We search for the answer to such questions, whether the Brexit is a crisis, and if so, then what certain effects can it have on the economy, society, everyday life, etc. of those involved, and if these effects were and are handled properly by those in charge. In addition, we review the timeline of Brexit, including the planned dates and events. The institutional background of the crisis management will also be examined in case of both parties. Please note that the article was written in the summer of 2018, consequently it does not reflect the later events and deadline extensions!

Brexit1-4870912 Final (1) Revision (2)

Brexit, 2022

Brexit is the process whereby the United Kingdom (UK) will withdraw from the European Union (EU). This process began in June 2016 when the UK held a referendum and voted to leave the EU. Since then, the UK and EU have been negotiating the terms of the withdrawal. This abstract provides an overview of the Brexit process, focusing on the timeline since the referendum was held and the current state of negotiations between the UK and EU. It also outlines the potential implications for the UK, the EU, and the global economy. Finally, it provides a brief discussion of the challenges and opportunities associated with Brexit.

BREXIT AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR SCOTLAND: A WAY FORWARD

This paper looks at the migration implications of Brexit for Scotland. It will seek to address the migration issues in Scotland and proffer options on a way forward for Scotland and the United Kingdom. The paper will examine relevant legislations and recent literature on the subject. Finally, this paper will proffer mechanisms for solving potential issues from the migration implications of Brexit for Scotland. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part presents an abstract of the work. Part two of the work briefly discusses the origin of the European Union and UK's entry despite refusal by existing members. It then looks at the growing discontent by the UK with some aspects of the EU's core principles. Part three addresses Scotland's immigration needs through the lens of its population numbers. It also considers the migration implications of Brexit for Scotland. The final part of the work considers the immigration options for Scotland.

The Prospects for Brexit: Two Views

Economic Affairs, 2017

The striking thing about the debate on Brexit since the UK general election of June 2017 is just how obsessed the media have been with the effects of Brexit on producers. A 'soft' Brexit is one that leaves the status quo as unchanged as possible and so leaves in place all the current advantages enjoyed by certain UK producers as a result of the European Union's protectionist trade policies in respect of food and manufacturing, its interventionist regulations across the whole economy, and its insistence that all EU nationals should be free to migrate anywhere in the EU. Producers of food and manufactures gain from the average 20 per cent protective trade barrier 1 the EU raises on each sector against the rest of the world; this raises UK prices of these sectors' output by the same percentage, to the detriment of consumers and producers in other sectors. Were these barriers to be removed by the UK on departure, consumer prices would fallon my calculations by 8 per centand enhanced competition would raise UK productivity, by around 3 per cent, on top of a direct gain to consumers' welfare of about 1 per cent by removing the premium they pay to EU producers. This means an overall gain to UK GDP of around 4 per cent. 2 EU regulation of the Single Market impacts in key ways: in the labour market to provide worker rights, in energy to combat climate change, in finance to prevent what it sees as intermediary abuses, and in industrial standards to harmonise at a high level. These interventions generally are less of a problem for large firms than for small firms who cannot afford to meet many of them: hence large firms welcome the implied barriers to entry and benefit from enhanced monopoly power. This is why the Confederation of British Industry and other large-firm organisations are in favour of these interventions, even if they may lobby to reduce their scale somewhat. The economic costs of these EU regulations have to be measured not just by their direct implementation costs but by the more damaging reduction of productivity that they cause. In work using the supply side of the Liverpool Model I have assessed existing regulations as causing roughly a 6 per cent contraction in UK GDP. On leaving the EU I expect about a third of this to be rolled back, gaining the UK around 2 per cent of GDP. Unskilled immigration is something to whose costs economists such as the late Gary Becker have long drawn attention. Plainly migrants with low skills from poor countries can gain by moving to rich countries with a welfare statewhere unskilled wages may still be low but come accompanied by a large menu of welfare benefits: tax credits for dependants, free health care and education, and housing benefits. I have calculated that under the current UK benefit system the average unskilled EU adult migrant (of whom there are around 1 million) costs the UK taxpayer about £3,500 per year, say 0.2 per cent of GDP in total. Politically this economic problem is compounded by these costs being loaded largely onto local residents of the areas to which these migrants go, and by the fall in unskilled wages for indigenous workers in these areas. Again,

Assessment of the Issues and Challenges that Prompted Britain's Exit from the European Union

Jalingo Journal of Social and Management Sciences, 2023

Series of events and developments in the complex relationship between the European Union (EU) and the United Kingdom (UK) led to the 2016 Brexit referendum which ushered Britain's official withdrawal from the EU on 30 th January, 2020. The study explores the issues and challenges that triggered Britain's departure from the European Union. The study used secondary data from books, articles, policy documents and bilateral briefings. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. The study is guided by the Integration Theory of international relations. The findings of the study showed that Brexit was driven by numerous issues, including disparities in development, sovereignty, inequality, anti-immigration movement, populism, and British national identity. Additionally, the paper presents various challenges the United Kingdom encountered during Brexit's negotiation process and in its post-Brexit journey. Based on the findings, the study recommends that EU should review its existing laws to prevent unnecessary exit by any member state, and as well encourage member countries to retain peculiar priorities to ensure unity in diversity in order to strengthen the European integration project.

Brexit and its Consequences

Globalizations, 2016

One of the most important arguments used by the Leave Campaign during the electoral campaign for Brexit was related to a negative vision of migration in the UK. A total closure of borders to Europeans and extra EU workers will have quantitative and qualitative effects on the composition of the British population and workforces. Most of the arguments exposed by leavers were not supported by data and the real dimension of migrants and their composition were omitted in the debate. The aim of this article is to explain the potential negative consequences that a "closed borders" policy could have on the competitiveness of UK economy in an international and long-run perspective.