The efficacy of music therapy for people with dementia: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (original) (raw)
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Ageing Research Reviews, 2013
The authors concluded that music therapy was effective for the management of the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. The effects were small for depression and behavioural outcomes, and moderate for anxiety. The quality assessment of studies was limited, but most studies were likely to have been subject to bias. The authors' conclusions appear somewhat over-optimistic. Authors' objectives To evaluate the effects of music therapy on behavioural and psychological symptoms, activities of daily living, and cognitive function, in patients with dementia. Searching MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Ichushi (Japanese database) were searched to February 2011. Search terms were reported. The search was limited to articles published in English or Japanese. The reference lists of previous systematic reviews were searched.
Musical intervention for patients with dementia: a meta-analysis
Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2013
Aims and objectives. To provide a meta-analysis of the effects of music interventions on patients with dementia, separating, for the first time, between different types of interventions and different outcome measures, namely affective, behavioural, cognitive and physiological. Background. Music therapy is an attractive form of intervention for the growing number of demented patients, for whom pharmacological interventions are not always effective and may lead to undesired side effects. While music is more frequently applied in clinical settings for each year, no meta-analysis has considered effects of music interventions on affective, behavioural, cognitive and physiological outcomes separately. Design. A standard meta-analysis approach was applied. Methods. We include all original studies found for the key words music and dementia. Mean effect sizes and confidence intervals are computed from study effect sizes according to standard methods, and these are considered for various common types of music interventions separately. Results. Nineteen studies with a total of 478 dementia patients exhibit effect sizes ranging from 0Á04-4Á56 (M = 1Á04). Many of these indicate large positive effects on behavioural, cognitive and physiological outcome measures, and medium effects on affective measures. Conclusions. Music interventions seem to be effective and have the potential of increasing the quality of life for patients with dementia. Many studies in this area suffer from poor methodological quality, which limits the reach of meta-analysis and the strength and generalisability of these conclusions. Relevance to clinical practice. Being inexpensive and largely without adverse side effects, current knowledge seems to indicate that music interventions can be recommended for patients in all stages of dementia.
Effects of Music Therapy on Patients with Dementia—A Systematic Review
Geriatrics
Dementia is an increasingly common syndrome and while pharmacotherapy is available, its potential benefit is limited, especially in non-cognitive outcomes. Non-pharmacotherapy such as music therapy is potentially associated with improved outcomes. We assessed the effects of music therapy on patients with dementia to evaluate its potential benefits on dementia. Two independent reviewers searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for clinical trials, using the keywords “music therapy” and “dementia”. Study outcomes included cognitive function, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), and quality of life. A total of 82 studies were included, of which 43 were interventional clinical trials, and 39 were systematic reviews or meta-analyses. Significant improvements in verbal fluency occurred after music therapy, with significant reductions in anxiety, depression, and apathy. There were no significant improvements in cognition or daily func...
Effectiveness of Music Therapy in People Living with Dementia: An Umbrella Review Protocol
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Background: Dementia stands out as a neurological disorder which constitutes a progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and social functioning. However, non-pharmacotherapy, such as music therapy, can be combined with pharmacological treatment as a possible strategy to improve functionality regarding the cognitive and non-cognitive dimensions of people diagnosed with dementia. Objectives: To analyze and synthesize published evidence regarding the effectiveness of music therapy in people diagnosed with dementia, concerning cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes. Design: Descriptive study protocol of an umbrella review. Methods and analysis: An umbrella review method will guide this study, focusing on an extensive search of published systematic reviews and meta-analyses reviews that include randomized controlled trials and other types of trials. Databases for the article search include ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) EBP database, and EBSC...
Neurology International
Background: Dementia, a significant cognitive impairment, is characterized by a decline in memory. It affects an individual’s mood and behavior, which can impair their quality of life and well-being. Studies show that the demand for applying music as a new therapy method for dementia has increased during the last decades. Objective: To review the studies conducted on the impacts of music on different symptoms of dementia and provide readers with a more detailed picture of the efficacy of music, and recognize gaps in the literature. Methods: Electronic searches were conducted in the Cochrane Library (1938), Embase (773), Medline and PubMed (700), PsycINFO (89), and Scopus (218) databases. The search was comprised of all the literature from 2010 to 2020. For the search, key terms including “Dementia” AND “music” OR “music intervention” OR “music therapy” and index terms “clinical trial” OR “randomized controlled trials” were used. Finally, after screening 891 citations, 30 studies wer...
umu.diva-portal.org
As the number of demented patients is growing rapidly and pharmacological intervention is not always effective, more research is needed on non-pharmacological interventions, including music. Previous meta-analyses have not been able to determine if music interventions have a positive effect on behavioral, cognitive, and psychological problems of demented patients. The purpose of this review was to update earlier findings and investigate the extent to which music intervention is effective in the treatment of demented patients. Eighteen studies were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 533 dementia patients. Both pretest-posttest and controlexperimental group design studies were included, but analyzed separately. The mean effect sizes across these studies were computed and compared. However, the reach of meta-analysis was found to be limited, because a large proportion of music intervention studies have poor methodological quality, and reasonable inclusion criteria leave small samples of studies. We conclude that meta-analyses need to include unpublished studies with larger groups of participants.
Music Therapy for Non-Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia: A Systematic Review
Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Diseases
Background: It is estimated that 6% of the population aged 65 or older has dementia. Although dementia is a syndromic entity, there are distinct subtypes that differ in their etiology, presentation form, and clinical course and associated disorders. Studies in music and or music therapy have mainly focused on Alzheimer's disease. Objective: A systematic review of published scientific articles was performed on the existent research studies on music therapy with non-Alzheimer disease dementia patients in order to provide clinical recommendations regarding music therapy interventions. Methods: The search sources included Scopus; PubMed and Science direct electronic data bases in order to identify potential articles to be included. The keywords used were music or music therapy and dementia, Vascular dementia, Lewy bodies dementia, Mixed dementia, dementia in Parkinson's Disease, Frontotemporal dementia, and Huntington's disease. The criteria for inclusion included: (1) The articles had to be published in scientific journals; (2) Only scientific articles in English, Portuguese and Spanish languages; (3) Results had to be reported in quantitative and qualitative data; and (4) Participants had to include people diagnosed with non-Alzheimer's type dementias. Results: The database search was carried out in April 2017. A total of 151 sources were identified of which six were included in the review comprising three case studies, two Randomized Control Trials (RCT) and one with in subjects design study. The total number of participants was 136. Active music therapy techniques were used in all studies and included singing songs and playing instruments with live music, improvisation and music listening accompanied by musical instruments. Five of the six interventions were led by professional music therapists. The studies reported positive results in relation to their interventions. Conclusion: Due to the limited number of articles on music therapy with non-Alzheimer's types of dementia, it is not possible to make specific recommendations for music therapy interventions. The results of the sources analyzed show that active music therapy seems to be a safe and effective treatment for all types of dementia. However, it is recommended that future studies contemplate and highlight the diversity of symptoms and course of the disease of the different types of dementias in order to identify and better understand the music therapy interventions best suited for each of them.
Effects of Music on Agitation in Dementia: A Meta-Analysis
Agitation is a common problem in patients suffering from dementia and encompasses a variety of behaviors such as repetitive acts, restlessness, wandering, and aggressive behaviors. Agitation reduces the probability of positive social interaction and increases the psychological and organizational burden. While medical interventions are common, there is need for complementary or alternative methods. Music intervention has been brought forward as a promising method to reduce agitation in dementia. While interventions, target groups and research designs differ, there has so far not been a systematic overview assessing the effect of music intervention for agitation in patients with dementia. A meta-analysis was conducted in order to investigate possible effects of music interventions. Twelve studies met inclusion criteria. Music intervention had a medium overall effect on agitation in dementia, suggesting robust clinical relevance. While the moderate number of studies does not allow for further differentiation between sub-types of music intervention, the subgroup comparisons indicated promising pathways for future systematic reviews. This meta-analysis is the first systematic and quantitative overview supporting clinically and statistically robust effects of music intervention on agitation in dementia. The analysis provides further arguments for this non-pharmacological approach and highlights needs for future systematic research reviews for the investigation of intervention types.
BMJ Open, 2019
IntroductionIn older adults, dementia and depression are associated with individual distress and high societal costs. Music interventions such as group music therapy (GMT) and recreational choir singing (RCS) have shown promising effects, but their comparative effectiveness across clinical subgroups is unknown. This trial aims to determine effectiveness of GMT, RCS and their combination for care home residents and to examine heterogeneity of treatment effects across subgroups.Methods and analysisThis large, pragmatic, multinational cluster-randomised controlled trial with a 2×2 factorial design will compare the effects of GMT, RCS, both or neither, for care home residents aged 65 years or older with dementia and depressive symptoms. We will randomise 100 care home units with ≥1000 residents in total across eight countries. Each intervention will be offered for 6 months (3 months 2 times/week followed by 3 months 1 time/week), with extension allowed if locally available. The primary ...
Journal of Personalized Medicine
Music therapy (MT) is considered one of the complementary strategies to pharmacological treatment for behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) of dementia. However, studies adopting MT protocols tailored for institutionalized people with dementia are limited and their usefulness for supporting caregivers is under investigated to date. Our study aimed at evaluating the effects of an MT intervention according to Gerdner and colleagues’ protocol in a sample of 60 elderly people with moderate-to-severe dementia of the Auxologico Institute (Milan, Italy) and associated caregivers, randomly assigned to an Experimental Group (EG) (n = 30) undergoing 30 min of MT two times a week for 8 weeks and to a Control Group (n = 30) (CG) receiving standard care. Before and after the intervention, residents-associated caregivers were administered the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Depression and worry were also assessed in caregivers prior to the interve...