Assessing Total Value Requirements on Low Income Houses in Brazil (original) (raw)
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The concept of desired value as a stimulus for change in social housing in Brazil
Habitat International, 2011
User satisfaction has been studied extensively in social housing, but this has not had a significant impact on design factors in many cases. In recent years, such studies have included the assessment of values relating to design attributes. This paper presents a discussion on the concept of desired value in social housing, based on results of a study conducted in the region of the city of Campinas, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. End-users of four multi-family social housing projects, based on five storey walk-up apartment blocks were asked to identify aspects of housing design, which are most valued. The research method was based on the concept of stated preferences, where approximately 200 respondents organized a list of design attributes in order of their desired values. The investigation tool was based on the analogy of a deck of cards. Data was statistically analyzed and a general importance index was created for each of the value attributes. Results showed that security was the main preference aspect. Analysis of general results indicates a list of possible improvements to projects with regard to value delivery to end-users at little or no costs. To contribute towards a process of incremental improvements to social housing models in the State of São Paulo, the results of the case study can be applied by agents of the local housing provision system, in conjunction with a conceptual framework of data on housing quality indicators.
Environmental Science and Sustainable Development, 2021
Government housing projects are among the complex issues facing developing countries' governments. There have been many attempts to solve problems related to this issue and a lot of effort has been made in this direction. The main problem is lowering the cost of lodging, without sacrificing its quality and the effectiveness by which it fulfills the needs of its occupants. This became possible upon the use of the value engineering technique. Value engineering is an effective tool used to solve problems related to housing, by lowering cost on one hand and sustaining or even ameliorating quality and performance.
VALUE ENGINEERING IN RESIDENTIAL HOUSE CONSTRUCTION
The current construction practices require a great effort to balance the factors such as money, time and quality. Comparing with other industries it seemed that construction industry remains the toughest one to deal with. It is proven that certain modern techniques can be easily adapted to the project to balance the factors above said. Value engineering is an efficient tool among them for fostering the construction quality with an aim of low cost and high services. The value engineering study is carried out with analysis of basic functions of the project and based on that analysis unwanted elements in the project are scrutinized and eliminated. The function analysis is carried out with the help of FAST tool and the projects study deals with a step by step process. This thesis deals with implementing the value engineering concepts in a residential building project in order to reach out better quality with lower cost.
2009
The success of any real estate investment is a function of in-depth pre-investment planning based on socio-economic and environmental considerations. The value of both commercial and residential development depends on the quantum of utility they can provide to the end users. This value is also a composite of different attributes of the respective developments, some internal and others external. This therefore calls for a need to evaluate their cost-value implications and identify user preferences in a hierarchal manner. This is an aspect neglected by most real estate developers as they fail to recognise the need for market research. Consideration of user preferences in development projects will be very useful in planning and budgeting, as emphasis will be on those building components and services that are more cost effective. Budget constraint encourages rationalisation in project planning. Using data of 150 from residential and 100 commercial tenants in areas of Lagos, Nigeria, ach...
A Method for Proposing Valued-Adding Attributes in Customized Housing
Sustainability, 2014
In most emerging economies, there has been many incentives and high availability of funding for low-cost housing projects. This has encouraged product standardization and the application of mass production ideas, based on the assumption that this is the most effective strategy for reducing costs. However, the delivery of highly standardized housing units to customers with different needs, without considering their lifestyle and perception of value, often results in inadequate products. Mass customization has been pointed out as an effective strategy to improve value generation in low-cost housing projects, and to avoid waste caused by renovations done in dwellings soon after occupancy. However, one of the main challenges for the implementation of mass customization is the definition of a set of relevant options based on users' perceived value. The aim of this paper is to propose a method for defining value adding attributes in customized housing projects, which can support decision-making in product development. The means-end chain theory was used as theoretical framework to connect product attributes and costumers' values, through the application of the laddering technique. The method was tested in two house-building projects delivered by a company from Brazil. The
Value Analysis Model to Support the Building Design Process
Sustainability
The architecture, engineering, and construction industry requires methods that link the capture of customer requirements with the continuous measurement of the value generated and the identification of value losses in the design process. A value analysis model (VAM) is proposed to measure the value creation expected by customers and to identify value losses through indexes. As points of reference, the model takes the Kano model and target costing, which is used in the building project design process. The VAM was developed under the design science research methodology, which focuses on solving practical problems by producing outputs by iteration. The resulting VAM allowed the measurement and analysis of value through desired, potential, and generated value indexes, value loss identification, and percentages of value fulfillment concerning the design stage. The VAM permits the comparison of different projects, visualization of the evolution of value generation, and identification of v...
Value Generation in Front-End Design of Social Housing with QFD and Multiattribute Utility Theory
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
The design of social housing is a multi-faceted endeavour like in many social projects such as megaprojects whose expected benefits reach beyond a handful of stakeholders. Understanding the requirements of such projects can be a painstaking endeavour and without a structured process to guide decision making, such projects often fail to deliver on their intended benefits. This paper examines how the use of Utility Theory and Quality function deployment (QFD) can serve as a useful basis to support the delivery of such benefits. The research examines a social housing project in Brazil to draw focus on contextual influences on understanding, structuring and delivery of benefits. The approach adopts QFD for requirements management while Utility Theory (UT) assesses utility decision making in raking the housing models on the basis established user requirements and derived design requirements (DRs). While a medium low-income model is preferred best, the next preferred models are very-low, medium-low, medium-high in the order. The analysis indicates no transitivity in preference from an end-user perspective. The novelty of the paper is representing, quantitatively, a process of requirements management that supports the delivery of project benefits on a Utilitarian basis in social housing design. The method is able to account for interdependencies between design and user attributes in supporting social housing design decision making in an integrated process. This understanding can be key to the delivery of the right social projects that reflect context-specific end-2 user needs.
Opportunities for client requirements management in low-income house building projects in Brazil
Proceedings of the IGLC- …, 2005
This paper describes the main results of multiple-case studies concerned with client requirements management in the product development process (PDP) of eight low-income house-building projects, carried out in the South of Brazil. These projects were developed in two different existing forms of housing provision in Brazil: the Residential Leasing Program (Programa de Arrendamento Residencial-PAR) and the City Entrance Integrated Program (Programa Integrado Entrada da Cidade-PIEC). Both are new forms of housing provision as far as they have created new types of client-supplier relationships that have never been experienced in Brazil before. The aim of this paper is to describe the PDP of both forms of housing provision as well as to discuss opportunities for client requirements management, emphasizing the role of the state in value generation. This investigation was based on the analysis of design, production control and legal documents, semi-structured interviews carried out with design and production professionals, as well as the evaluation of users' degree of satisfaction. This study is part of a broader research project, which aims to propose guidelines for client requirements management in low-income house-building projects.
INCORPORATING VALUE AND RISK MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS IN DEVELOPING LOW COST HOUSING PROJECTS
The construction industry is concerned with satisfying its customers' needs through delivering projects that achieve their objectives and meet their expectations on time, within budget and as specified. Despite the several housing programmes constructed by government authorities, there is a real housing problem for the poor. This problem is attributed to a number of reasons.
APPLICATION OF VALUE ENGINEERING IN AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN INDIA
International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research, 2021
A major challenge for the Indian government is the rapid growth of the urban population, leading to housing shortages and poor urban living conditions. The current need-based housing shortage in the country is about 19 million units as per the 2011 census. The government has introduced many affordable housing schemes that focus on meeting the shortage of housing needs. Excess cost management needs to be planned from the initial stages of design during the building's project life. Value engineering is an effective problem-solving approach that minimizes prices while preserving and improving performance and quality requirements. Ve process's success lies in its ability to find ways to reduce redundant expenses while maintaining efficiency, reliability, performance, and other critical elements that reach or surpass the standards of the client. This study aims at understanding the application of value engineering in affordable housing to optimize cost, time and quality thus increasing overall value of the project. Two case studies of different scale of housing projects are considered, it has been found out that on replacing a material with similar functions, helps reduce the cost of the project and add to the value of the project. This research will provide an overview of benefits of strong value engineering and use of alternative materials to enhance the efficiency of a project.