Molecularly Imprinted High Affinity Nanoparticles for 4-Ethylphenol Sensing (original) (raw)
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Talanta, 2009
By using a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as a recognition element, the design and construction of a high selective voltammetric sensor for para-nitrophenol was formed. Para-nitrophenol selective MIP and a non-imprinted polymer (NIP) were synthesized, and then used for carbon paste (CP) electrode preparation. The MIP-CP electrode showed greater recognition ability in comparison to the NIP-CP. It was shown that electrode washing after para-nitrophenol extraction led to enhanced selectivity, without noticeably decreasing the sensitivity. Some parameters affecting sensor response were optimized and a calibration curve was plotted. A dynamic linear range of 8 × 10 −9 to 5 × 10 −6 mol L −1 was obtained. The detection limit of the sensor was calculated as 3 × 10 −9 mol L −1. Thus, this sensor was used successfully for the para-nitrophenol determination in different water samples.
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2019
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) is a polymer that binds together to form a specific binding site that is selective for certain analytes. Its high stability, its synthesize simplicity, and it can ease costs significantly make it was applied widely as a receptor instead of antibodies or enzymes. MIPs can be redeveloped into MIPs nanoparticles (MIP-NPs) which have greater potential. MIPs use in electrochemical sensors have relevant applications in daily life and have been tested in human samples. Electrochemical sensors have been successfully functioned with MIP-NPs leading to real-time monitoring of drugs, pesticides, environmental contaminants, and secondary metabolites, as well as molecules with biological relevance. The aim of this review is to summarize the developments and applications of MIP-NPs as a selective recognition component in electrochemical sensors with special emphasis on their analytical applications.
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2022
Recent challenges in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields require the development of new analytical methods. Therefore, the development of new sensors is a very important task. In this paper, we are outlining the development of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) based sensors, which belongs to important branch of affinity sensors. In this review, recent advances in the design of MIP-based sensors are overviewed. MIPs-based sensing structures can replace expensive natural affinity compounds such as receptors or antibodies. Among many different polymers, conducting polymers show the most versatile properties, which are suitable for sensor application. Therefore, significant attention is paid towards MIPs based on conducting polymers, namely polypyrrole, polythiophene, poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene), polyaniline and ortho-phenylenediamine. Moreover, many other materials, which could be imprinted analyte molecules, are overviewed. Among many conducting polymers, polypyrrole is highlighted as one of the most suitable for molecular imprinting. Some attention is dedicated to overview polymerization methods applied for the design of sensing structures used in various affinity sensors. The transduction of analytical signal is an important issue, therefore, physicochemical methods suitable for analytical signal transduction are also outlined. Advances, trends and perspectives in MIP application are discussed.
The aim of this study is (i) to prepare estrone-imprinted nanospheres (nano-EST-MIPs) and (ii) to integrate them into the electrochemical sensor as a recognition layer. N-methacryloyl-(l)-phenylalanine (MAPA) was chosen as the complexing monomer. Firstly, estrone (EST) was complexed with MAPA and the EST-imprinted poly(2-hyroxyethylmethacrylate-coN -methacryloyl-(l)-phenylalanine) [EST-imprinted poly(HEMA-MAPA)] nanospheres were synthesized by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization method. The specific surface area of the EST-imprinted poly(HEMA-MAPA) nanospheres was found to be 1275 m 2 /g with a size of 163.2 nm in diameter. According to the elemental analysis results, the nanospheres contained 95.3 mmole MAPA/g nanosphere. The application of EST specific MIP nanospheres for the development of an electrochemical biosensor was introduced for the first time in our study by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. This nano-MIP based sensor presented a great specificity and selectivity for EST.
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2011
Molecular imprinting technology is becoming a versatile tool for the preparation of tailor-made molecular recognition elements. This work investigates the performance of a hemin-modified molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) used as an amperometric sensor for the detection of 4-aminophenol (4-APh). MIP particles were prepared by the precipitation polymerization method with hemin introduced as the catalytic center to mimic the active site of peroxidase. 4-APh was used as the template molecule, methacrylic acid (MAA) as the functional monomer, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM) as the cross-linker and 2,2 -azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator. The synthesized polymer particles were characterized in terms of particle size, porosity and morphology. The amperometric sensor used for 4-APh detection was prepared by modifying a glassy carbon electrode surface with the heminbased MIP. Under optimized operational conditions, a linear response was obtained in the range of 10.0-90.0 mol L −1 , with a sensitivity of 5.5 nA L mol −1 and a detection limit of 3.0 mol L −1 . The sensor showed good repeatability (RSD = 2.7% for n = 7). It exhibited to be very selective for 4-APh even in the presence of structurally similar compounds (2-aminophenol, catechol, guaiachol, 2-cresol and chloroguaiachol). Recoveries in the range 93-111% were obtained using the sensor for the determinations of 4-APh in tap and river water samples.
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2016
Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) was synthesized and combined with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA)-functionalized graphene (PDDA-G) to develop an electrochemical sensor for selective determination of 4-CP. The chemical structures of the imprinted films were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The morphology and interfacial behavior of MIP and PDDA-G modified glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) were investigated by scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) techniques, respectively. The obtained MIP/PDDA-G/GCE showed high sensing performance towards 4-CP. Under optimized conditions, the sensor showed a linear response to the concentration of 4-CP in a wide range from 0.8 to 100 μmol•L −1 3 with a detection limit (3S/N) of 0.3 μmol•L −1. Moreover, the imprinted sensor exhibited excellent specific recognition ability to 4-CP which could avoid the interference of other structurally similar phenolic compounds. The developed sensor was successfully applied to the detection of 4-CP in real-life water samples.
Electrochemical Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers
Electroanalysis, 2002
Over the past two decades, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have attracted broad interest from scientists engaged in sensor development. This attention can be explained by the serious potential advantages of using MIPs in place of natural receptors and enzymes such as their superior stability, low cost and easy preparation. This review encompasses recent achievements in molecular imprinting related to the area of sensor technology. Since electrochemical biosensors dominate the market and due to specific requirements of this journal, the emphasis of this review will be on the development of electrochemical MIP sensors. The problems associated with application of imprinted polymers in sensors are highlighted and possible solutions indicated. The commercial potential of MIPbased sensors is analyzed in the expectation that they can offer improved performance in the analytical market place.
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2014
A novel voltammetric sensor based on molecularly imprinted poly(aniline-co-anthranilic acid) for determination of amlodipine (AML) was developed. The sensor was prepared by electrocopolymerization of aniline and anthranilic acid in the presence of AML molecules and perchloric acid onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Several parameters affecting the performance of the imprinted (MIP) and non-imprinted films (NIP) were optimized. Under optimized operational conditions, the proposed MIP/GCE sensor exhibits two distinct linear responses ranging from 0.01 nM to 0.08 nM and 0.3 nM to 8.0 nM respectively with a LOD (3σ/m) of 2.66 pM. The precision (RSD, n=6) of the method for intra and inter-days was found to be 0.65% and 1.68% respectively. The selectivity of the MIP/GCE sensor against AML was investigated in the presence of various interfering molecules. The proposed sensor was successfully applied for the detection of AML in pharmaceuticals, human urine, human serum and plasma. The proposed MIP/GCE sensor appeared to be suitable for sensitive and precise quantification of AML in several matrices.