The Effect of Temperature and Composition to the Rheological Properties of Asphalt Pavements (original) (raw)
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Asphalt mixtures are the one of the most popular building materials in Hungary, because of the highway programme of the government. In spite of this large popularity, some of the mechanical properties of asphalts have not been discovered enough till today. In particularly, there is no mechanical model usable to understand and explain the rheological behaviours of asphalt mixtures with different composition of bitumen and mineral raw materials. The present used in industry rheological model of Burgers is not reliable enough to understand mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures, because of the included Maxwell element. This means that under any kind of mechanical forces the asphalt surfaces of roads must be continuously deformed, in spite of these forces are as small as possible. The rheological model of Burgers suggests, the lifetime cycle of asphalt roads and highway must be very-very short, which is inconsistent with the real lifetime cycle of asphalt roads. On the basis of Rheo-...
Open Journal of Civil Engineering, 2015
The main purpose of this article is to choose among advanced rheological models used in the French rational design, one that best represents the viscoelastic behavior of asphalt mixtures mixed with aggregates of Senegal. The model chosen will be the basis for the development of computational tools for stress and strain for Senegal. However, the calibration of these models needs complex modulus test results. In opposition to mechanical models the complex modulus can directly characterize the viscoelastic behavior of bituminous materials. Here determination is performed in the laboratory by using several types of tests divided into two groups: homogeneous tests and non-homogeneous tests. The choice of model will be carried out by statistical analysis through the least squares method. To this end, a study was carried out to "Laboratory of Pavement and Bituminous Materials" (LCMB) with asphalt concrete mixed with aggregate from Senegal named basalt of Diack and quartzite of Bakel. In this study, the test used to measure the complex modulus is the Canadian test method LC 26-700 (Determination of the complex modulus by tension-compression). There mainly exist two viewing complex modulus planes for laboratory test results: the Cole and Cole plane and the Black space. The uniqueness of the data points in these two areas means that studied asphalt concretes are thermorheologically simple and that the principle of time-temperature superposition can be applied. This means that the master curve may be drawn and that the same modulus value can be obtained for different pairs (frequency-temperature). These master curves are fitted during the calibration process by the advanced rheological models. One of the most used software in the French rational design for the visualization of complex modulus test results and calibration of rheological models developed tools is named Visco-analysis. In this study, its use in interpreting the complex modulus test results and calibration M. L. C. Aidara et al. 290 models shows that, the studied asphalt concretes are thermorheologically simple, because they present good uniqueness of their Black and Cole and Cole and Black diagrams. They allow a good application of the principle of time temperature superposition. The statistical analysis of calibration models by the least squares method has shown that the three studied models are suitable for modeling the linear viscoelastic behavior of asphalt mixtures formulated with the basalt of Diack and the quartzite of Bakel. Indeed their calibration has very similar precision values of "Sum of Squared Deviation" (SSD) about 0.185. However, the lower precision value (0.169) is obtained with the 2S2P1D model.
Using thermal analysis methods to better understand asphalt rheology
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The Strategic Highway Research Program allowed to de®ne some parameters that characterize the rheological properties of asphalt cement(s) (ACs). Those parameters implied that ACs follow the time and temperature superposition principle. However, highly asphaltic or waxy ACs deviate from this rule since their structure changes as a function of time and temperature. Some of these transitions clearly appear on differential scanning calorimetry curves.
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 2020
Different temperature sensitivity parameters were introduced to address the temperature susceptibility of asphalt cement, all of which used a single number to define each particular material by assuming linearity in temperature sensitivity. The time-temperature superposition principle (TTS) has been used, under different circumstances, to understand the viscoelastic properties of asphalt materials. Various empirical relationships have been developed to explain the relationship between TTS shift factors and temperature. This research evaluated the suitability of such relationships to evaluate the temperature sensitivity of viscoelastic materials and found that the modified Arrhenius equation is more fundamentally appropriate for this purpose. Results of this study showed that the temperature sensitivity of rheological parameters (TSRP), introduced here, is sensitive to age hardening (for both asphalt cement and mix) and can be used to evaluate age hardening and changes in mix’s volum...
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Polymer modified asphalt (PMA) binders can be utilized using warm mix asphalt (WMA) technologies in order to aim for the green highway construction by lowering construction temperatures and toxic by-products (i.e., CO 2 , smoke, and odor). This paper focused on a rheological investigation of three PMA binders, graded as PG 76-22, containing two warm additives (Aspha-min ® and Sasobit ®) available commercially. The main rheological factors selected in this study were relationships between loading and response as a function of time, temperature and frequency using a Bohlin Dynamic Shear Rheometer II. The results suggested that the two warm additives positively influenced the performance of PMA binders. In particular, the use of Sasobit ® showed the enhanced rutting resistance properties at high pavement temperature and more elastic properties at lower temperatures.
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Behavior of asphalt mixes and typical failures of the pavement structure, which are influenced by high or low temperatures, are most significantly influenced by the behavior of bituminous binder. The experimental method for assessment of asphalt mix characteristics at low temperatures has not been set in European standards yet, however a test method based on the experience of Prof. Arand is at the moment in preparation. Using this test method the specimen is exposed in a special chamber to decreasing temperature of the ambient environment without the possibility of shrinkage. In the Czech Republic the asphalt mix behavior in the range of low temperatures is so far observed and assessed using the approach of bending beam test at the zero temperature or even lower temperatures. A second test method, which is usually done in parallel on the same testing apparatus, is the relaxation test. The practical part of the paper addresses the testing, analysis and evaluation of low temperature characteristics for various HSM (high stiffness modulus) asphalt mixes as well as of asphalt mixes for SAL (stress absorbing layers).
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Quantifying the impact of environmental conditions on the mechanical properties and performance of hot mix asphalt (HMA) materials is a necessary task to achieve high-quality pavement structures. Although the influence of temperature in the behaviour of these viscoelastic materials has been well determined, there is still a lack of information regarding the impact of moisture on the mechanical response of HMA. Studies in this direction should consider that under actual field conditions, these mixtures are usually in a partial saturation state. Within this context, this work evaluates the mechanical response of an HMA through the quantification of the axial tension, axial compression and shear moduli of the mixture, after subjecting it to different relative humidity environments. The experimental plan was conducted using the recently developed Hollow-Cylinder Tester for Asphalt Mixtures equipment, and the results demonstrate that partial saturation strongly influences the rheological properties of these mixtures.