The effects of physical activity on glycaemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus participating in diabetes camp (original) (raw)
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Endocrinology & Metabolic Syndrome, 2015
Background and aim: Regular physical exercise (RPA) have a great role in management of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We aimed from this study to correlate between regular physical activity and glycaemic control in pediatric age group with T1DM. Patients and methods: This is a cross-sectional study, includes 243 T1DM children and adolescents visiting pediatric diabetes clinic at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH). Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients were all recorded. Patients were divided into two groups, good glycemic control (HbA1c<8%) and poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 8%). The collected data used to examine cross-sectional association between glycaemic control (HbA1c) and physical activity Results: There was no significant difference between two groups regarding age, gender, mother education, father education, family history of type 1 diabetes and duration of RPA (P value>0.05), while there was significant difference between two groups regarding RPA and frequency of RPA /week(P value<0.05). We found. Lower level of HbA1c in patients with more frequent RPA (P<0.05). Patients with no RPA were at 3.5 times risk of poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 8%). Patients with long duration of diabetes had higher HbA1c. Conclusion: Children and adolescents with T1DM should be encouraged to participate regularly in physical activity which results in better glycaemic control.
Type 1 diabetes and exercise management among children and adolescents: an overview
Revista Portuguesa de Endocrinologia, Diabetes e Metabolismo, 2023
Exercise is determinant to the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Despite being crucial for a healthy development, it brings several challenges for patients, families and professionals that deal with insulin therapy. In fact, the type, duration, intensity of the exercise (among several other factors) can have an important impact on glycemic control. For that reason, this paper aims to present an overview of some basic concepts related with exercise in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetic patients, that will be useful for clinicians to develop an effective management that enables this activity while avoiding hypo and hyperglycemia.
Effects of Exercise in Children and Adoles-cent with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Exercise is one of the most important components, together with insulin therapy and diet, in the clinical management of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Physical activity has multiple health benefits, like blood pressure reduction, improvement of cardiovascular fitness and lipoprotein profile. The benefits for children with diabetes may also include positive effects on glycemic metabolism. The following review examines the main studies about the effects of exercise on diabetes. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to verify the hypothetical positive relationship between sport and T1DM and between sport and diabetic complications. However, aerobic and moderate intensity physical activity in children and adolescents with T1DM should be encouraged also for its beneficial psychological effects.
Physical activity and sports participation in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2007
Background and aim: Regular physical activity is of great importance in the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We investigate here the levels of moderate/vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and participation in sporting activity in a sample of children and adolescents with T1DM and analyse whether they differed from healthy subjects. The family variables associated with MVPA or sports participation and the influence of exercise on metabolic parameters are also explored. Methods and results: In this cross-sectional case control study, 138 children and adolescents with T1DM (of which 67 were boys, age 13.6 AE 4.1 years; duration of diabetes 6.1 AE 3.8 years) and 269 (of which 120 were boys) healthy controls were studied. Weekly levels of MVPA and sports participation were investigated using a questionnaire. Body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) values, plasma total cholesterol, serum triglycerides and the mean glycated haemoglobin (A1c) levels over the past year were assessed in T1DM subjects. MVPA scores in T1DM patients were lower than in controls (p ¼ 0.0004). MVPA was higher in boys than in girls, both in diabetic and control subjects; T1DM girls were less frequently engaged in MVPA than control girls. MVPA scores were significantly and independently correlated with sex, age and diabetic status. Lower triglyceride levels and fewer subjects with poor metabolic control were found more among physically active patients (MVPA > 5 days/week) than in inactive patients (weekly MVPA ¼ 0). Sports participation was lower in T1DM patients than in controls (p ¼ 0.002) and was Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases (2007) 17, 376e382 www.elsevier.com/locate/nmcd significantly and independently correlated with sex, father's education level and diabetic status. Triglyceride levels and the percentage of subjects with poor metabolic control were significantly lower in sports participants than in nonparticipants. Conclusions: Children and adolescents with T1DM appeared to spend less time in physical activity than their non-diabetic peers. Regular physical activity was associated with better metabolic control and lipid profile. Adolescents, particularly the girls, tended to be less active. Further efforts should be made to motivate patients with type 1 diabetes. ª
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019
Given the fact that physical exertion leads to blood glucose fluctuations, type one diabetes mellitus (T1D) may potentially constitute a barrier for obtaining a sufficient amount of exercise. The main purpose of the study was to compare the level of physical activity between children with T1D (n = 215) and healthy controls (n = 115) and to assess the physical activity of the study group in relation to the applied method of insulin therapy, i.e., the use of insulin pen vs. insulin pump. The level of physical activity was assessed with a hip-worn tri-axial accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X+) used by the subjects for an uninterrupted period of seven days. Children with T1D had significantly lower median values of total time of moderate (213.3 vs. 272.1 min), vigorous (135.3 vs. 19.6 min) and moderate-to-vigorous (347.4 vs. 467.4 min) physical activity compared to healthy peers respectively, (p < 0.001) in all cases. In addition, the total median number of steps was significantly lower (53,631 vs. 67,542 steps), (p < 0.001). The method of insulin therapy was not associated with significant differences in physical activity level (p > 0.001). The level of physical activity in children and adolescents with T1D is lower than in their healthy peers and does not depend on the insulin therapy method.
Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2010
Background:The current study objectively assessed physical activity (PA) levels and patterns in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and compared the metabolic and physiologic health profiles of those achieving and those not achieving the current recommendation of 60 minutes a day (minutes·D−1) of at least moderate intensity PA.Method:37 children and adolescents (20 boys, 17 girls) aged 12.7 ± 2.1 years (mean ± SD), disease duration 5.9 ± 3.0 years participated. PA was assessed using heart rate monitoring. Peak VO2, BMI, sum of 5 skinfolds, HbA1c, and daily insulin dosage were also determined.Results:Mean accumulated time in moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA was 53.6 ± 31.4 minutes·D−1. Levels of vigorous-intensity PA were low, mean 8.3 ± 10.2 minutes·D−1. When controlling for age, no differences in metabolic or physiologic health outcomes were evident between those individuals achieving, and those not achieving, 60 minutes·D−1 of moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA. PA predo...
Reduced physical fitness in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Pediatric Diabetes, 2012
Aims: To evaluate motor performance and cardiorespiratory function in youths with type 1 diabetes in comparison with age-matched control group; and to analyse the influence of physical activity level, anthropometric and physical fitness parameters on long-term metabolic control. Methods: 106 youths with diabetes and 130 healthy youths aged 8-18 were assessed by the Eurofit Test Battery regarding motor performances, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2max ), skinfold thickness, and body mass index. Physical activity level was assessed through the use of questionnaires. Predictors of physical fitness and metabolic control were determined with regression analysis. Results: There were no differences either in body composition or in physical activity level, but younger girls with diabetes had impaired results in speed of upper limb movement, abdominal muscle strength, upper body strength, running speed and VO 2max ; older girls with diabetes had poor results in speed of upper limb movement, abdominal muscle strength, upper body strength and VO 2max . Younger boys with diabetes had impaired results in speed of upper limb movement, flexibility, static strength of the hand and abdominal muscle strength; and older boys with diabetes had poor results in speed of upper limb movement, flexibility, abdominal muscle strength, upper body strength and VO 2max . Older age, female gender, higher skinfold thickness, lower physical activity level and higher HbA 1c were significant independent predictors of poorer VO 2max . Better VO 2max proved to be the single predictor of favourable HbA 1c . Conclusions: Youths with diabetes have reduced fitness parameters. Efforts should be carried out to improve physical fitness as part of treatment and care of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2013
Diabetes is a leading chronic disease of childhood and adolescence. In addition to the well-known auto-immune, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes (T1D)), the past two decades have witnessed the emergence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in children and adolescents, which previously was only seen in middle-aged or older adults. One of the key components of diabetes management is physical activity (PA). The beneficial effects of increased PA and decreased sedentary behavior are extremely important in youth with diabetes because of the markedly increased long-term risk of cardiovascular disease in this population compared to persons without diabetes. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the epidemiologic, observational research published and listed in PubMed between 1970 and 2012 on PA and sedentary behaviors, as well as physical fitness in children and adolescents with T1D and T2D. Additionally, we describe briefly the state of knowledge on perceived barriers of PA in persons with diabetes, with a focus on hypoglycemia. Finally, we provide an overview of the epidemiological literature pertaining to health benefits of increased PA in youth with T1D and T2D and briefly discuss the topic of exercise-related hypoglycemia.