Pruning affects the vegetative balance of the wine grape (Vitis vinifera L.) (original) (raw)
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Acta Horticulturae, 2013
The "Piave" AOC is a modern winegrape growing area where mechanization is well-established and able to enhance the local viticulture; mechanization supports the competitiveness of wines as it allows to satisfy a wide market demand. Two different winter pruning techniques, manual and fully mechanized pruning, were considered and compared to no pruning. The effects on grape composition and health status were assessed, to verify whether preventing winter pruning produced changes in the metabolism of synthesis and accumulation of micro and macrocomponents in the berries. The trial was conducted in Ponte di Piave (TV), in two 12 year old cordon trained vineyards. In both vineyards the "no pruning" treatment consisted of a parcel that hadn't been pruned for 7 years consecutively. Measurements and analysis were conducted both on the canopy and on the grapes. Regarding the 'Pinot Gris', the results of the first year of observations showed "manual pruning" reduced yield per vine by 50% compared to the other two treatments without any substantial increase in berry quality. The health status of the grapes was significantly more satisfactory in the "no pruning" treatment. In 'Cabernet Sauvignon' no differences in production were found; a tendency to obtain higher grape sugar content and lower extractable anthocyanins and flavonoids was observed in the "no pruning" treatment.
OENO One, 2015
Aim: Light pruning may improve vine yield and quality although vineyard responses are variable. We assessed the effects of traditional manual pruning and mechanical light pruning on the viticultural and oenological performance of Vitis vinifera cv. Bobal and cv. Tempranillo.Methods and results: During 2008-2011, Bobal and Tempranillo vineyards underwent traditional pruning or light pruning. The effects of both pruning techniques were determined in vine vigour and yield, and grape and wine characteristics. Both cultivars responded similarly to the pruning techniques assayed: i) light-pruned plants tended to overcrop, ii) grape yield significantly increased with light pruning and produced more clusters with smaller berries, and iii) the oenological characteristics of grapes were slightly affected since fruit ripeness was delayed in mechanically light-pruned vineyards.Conclusion: Mechanical light pruning vs. traditional manual pruning offers potential benefits: 30% higher yields; lower...
Pruning management of Chardonnay grapevines at high altitude in Brazilian southeast
Bragantia, 2016
The agronomical responses of Chardonnay, a variety indicated for sparkling wine production, is influenced by the vineyard management and the edaphoclimatic conditions of the region. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of two pruning types (Royat and double Guyot) on vegetative and reproductive development of Chardonnay vine growing at high altitude in the Brazilian southeastern region. The experiment was carried out in a commercial vineyard located at 1,280 m of altitude in Divinolândia, São Paulo State, Brazil. The Chardonnay vines (clone 96), grafted onto 1103 Paulsen rootstock and trained in a vertical shoot positioning trellis system, were assessed. Vegetative vigor, bud fruitfulness, production and physicochemical composition of grapes were evaluated during 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. The Royat pruning induced higher vegetative vigor and increased the bud fruitfulness, the cluster number and the productivity of Chardonnay vine when compared to Guyot pruni...
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture, 2015
In evaluating the quality of the viticultural terroir there are use different quality parameters. The exposed leaf area (SFE) currently considered an indicator better than planting density to be used as a quality factor in the AOC regulations. Getting a projected yield, in terms of quality and quantity, it can be achieved only by limiting the vegetative growth at a certain level to stimulate the fructification, but under the conditions of maintaining a photosynthetic activity to satisfy the metabolic needs of grapes (SFE/kg grapes). Exposed Leaf Area/production is an indicator that allows keeping under control the quality of grape production. The optimal value of this index is specific to the variety and viticultural terroir. Under the ecopedoclimatic conditions of the area DOC Dealu Mare-Valea Calugareasca the maximum sugars potential of carbohydrate metabolism, determined by the correlation analysis, was achieved as the SFE/P 1.85 sqm/kg at 'Riesling italian', 1.41 sqm/kg at 'Feteasca regala', 1.85 sqm/kg at 'Merlot', 1.78 sqm/kg at 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and 1.83 sqm/kg at 'Burgund mare'. SFE/P correlation is specific to each viticultural terroir. The alcoholic potential of wine colour intensity was strength correlated with the SFE/P report. The optimal values of the SFE/kg report, identified at the varieties studied, underlying the differentiated technologies for viticulture in the area DOC Dealu Mare Valea Calugareasca.
Agronomía Colombiana , 2011
The vineyards that are located in the Colombian cool tropical zone of Corrales (Boyaca department) offer grapes for the production of quality wines; to improve the crop we must know the adequate balance between the quantity of clusters and the leaf area of the plants. In order to determine the effect of leaf removal and cluster thinning on yield and quality of the clonal selection Riesling × Silvaner wine grape, it was used a completely randomized bifactorial design of 2x3. The first factor was removal of leaves (without defoliation and 60% defoliation) and the second one was cluster thinning (maintaining 66% or 33% of clusters per plant). Plants with 66% clusters and without leaf removal exhibited the highest total soluble solids content and yield of grapes, in fresh mass of clusters and fresh and dry mass of grapes. Plants without cluster thinning, but with removal of leaves, produced the lowest pH levels and total titratable acidity in the grapes. The technical maturity index was significantly higher in plants without leaf thinning; but was not affected by removed clusters. Thinning clusters is an alternative to improve production and the quality of wine grapes.
OENO One, 2012
Tests were carried out to assess the effects of early defoliation, cluster thinning and cluster cutting on the basic and nutritional composition of musts and wines of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Montepulciano. Methods and results: Both production and quality variables of the musts were evaluated. Antioxidant activity was determined on berries and on wines, as were the phenol and anthocyanin concentrations. The wines were compared by sensory evaluation. The results attested to a positive effect of the treatments on grape composition and on antioxidant activity in the berries. Conclusions: The tested treatments (DP = early defoliation; D3 = cluster thinning 30 %; D5 = cluster thinning 50 %; T3 = cluster cutting 30 %; T5 = cluster cutting 50 %) increased both the soluble solids and the pH of the musts and enhanced the nutritional quality (based on antioxidant concentration) of both the grapes and the wine. Significance and impact of the study: The adopted techniques may be useful in cases in which yield control is required and/or the composition of the musts and wines needs to be modified based on the concentration of sugars in the berries. However, the variable response of the vines to the various techniques suggests that each cultural practice be evaluated in relation to specific oenological objectives.
Wine has shown a synergistic effect in a holistic context, being referenced in recent years by several areas, such as medicine, which considers it a natural antioxidant, economics, tourism, design and agribusiness, among other areas of study that perceive qualitative and quantitative characteristics of wine. In this sense, the wine sector is constantly looking for new practices for the Vitis vinifera grape, such as the use of biodynamic agriculture, which presents positive results for the sustainability of the ecosystem and the quality of the soil, thus ensuring a better terroir. The study here proposes to know: what interferes in the winegrower's decision to choose environmentally sustainable practices in vineyard management? The general objective is to characterize the environmental profile of the biodynamic vineyard. The adopted methodology is a descriptive case study of qualitative analysis. The factor that interferes, in the choice of sustainable practices for the management of vineyards, to the necessity of the maintenance, the fertility and productivity, the vineyards and in this case the biodynamic practice can be an option for the production of grapes with low impact environmental and that can result in the production of good quality wines.
Water Balance Indices for Tropical Wine Grapes
Grapes and Wines - Advances in Production, Processing, Analysis and Valorization, 2018
Over the last few decades, the Brazilian semiarid region has appeared as one of the main tropical wine production areas in the country. The aim of this research was the elaboration and application of water balance indices to upscale them in the wine grape growing regions of the Petrolina and Juazeiro counties in the states of Pernambuco (PE) and Bahia (BA), respectively, simulating different pruning dates along the year. Previous energy balance measurements were used for relating the crop coefficient (Kc) with the accumulated degree-days (DD ac). The model was applied to upscale the water balance indices during the growing seasons (GS). It was concluded that if irrigation water is available, the best pruning periods are for GS from May to July because of better natural thermal and moisture conditions. Much care should be taken for pruning done in other periods of the year, with regard to the effect of increasing thermal conditions on wine quality. The classifications and delimitations done, joined with other environmental characteristics, are important for a rational planning of the commercial tropical wine production expansion, mainly in the actual situations of climate and land use changes together with rising water competition along the years in the Brazilian semiarid region.