Logistic Regression Analysis of the Outlook of People in Turkey Regarding the Principles of Secularism and Republic for the New Constitution to be Prepared (original) (raw)
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Religiosity and Negative Voting towards Islamist Parties in Turkey
Starting from 1990s, Islamist Parties in Turkey have gained a wide range support from voters. The individual characteristics of the electorate supporting these parties have been analyzed by some researchers but there has been little done to empirically demonstrate the individual characteristics of the electorate who uphold negative attitudes towards those parties. This paper aims to close the gap in the literature by addressing the question „Are the individual level religiosity and secularity important determinants of electorate‟s negative attitudes for Islamist parties?‟ In doing so, this paper applies the famous cleavage theory of Lipset and Rokkan to the Turkish context and focuses particularly on the secular versus religious cleavage. By using the World Values Survey Dataset, this study statistically analyses the negative voting of the Turkish electorate towards four Islamist political parties; the Justice and Development Party (AKP), the Felicity Party (SP), the Virtue Party (FP), the Welfare Party (RP). The analyses of this study present some empirical evidence of the arguments that individual level secularity and religiosity play a very important role in determining negative attitudes of people towards Islamist parties.
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There is a widespread belief among many researchers that Islam and secularization is incompatible. Obviously, in the Eastern world and in Muslim countries in particular, the problematic relationship between religion and democracy is still shows itself intensively. The current lack of democracy in most Muslim countries derives in part from this mindset contending that Islam is incompatible with secularization. So the application of concept "secularization" to studies of the Muslim countries Middle East has often been more problematic than enlightening. The present study continues the discussion of the compatibility of secularization and Islamic religion bringing to the fore the case of modern Turkish politics. By considering the possible ways of how secularization can emerge and survive in a predominantly Muslim society, the study demonstrates the statereligion interaction in Turkey. The thesis examines how the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the rise of Turkish nationalism decreased religious authority which led to the emergence of secularization. It shows that western institutions played a crucial role in survival of secularization. Later it discusses the reasons of revival of religion and survival of secularization in Turkish politics. The main purpose is to present Turkey as a case in support of the argument concerning the coexistence of Islam and secularization.
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