Spectrophotometric Determination of Diclofenac Sodium Via Oxidation Reactions (original) (raw)
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This work describes a simple, sensitive, rapid and economical analytical procedure for direct spectrophotometric evaluation of diclofenac sodium (DS) using aqueous medium without using a chemical reagent. Parameters like time, temperature, acidic and basic conditions and interference by analgesic drugs were studied for a 5µg ml-1 solution of DS at 276 nm. Under optimized parameters, a linear working range of 0.1-30 µg ml-1 with regression coefficient of 0.9998 and lower detection limit of 0.01 µg ml-1 was obtained. The method was applied for DS contents in tablets, serum and urine samples.
Spectrophotometric Methods for Estimation of Diclofenac Sodium in Tablets
A simple, rapid, accurate, economical and reproducible spectrophotometric method for estimation of diclofenac sodium (DIC) has been developed. The method employs estimation by straight line equation obtained from calibration curve of diclofenac sodium. The method obeys Beer's law between 4.64 -27.84 µg/ml in 20% v/v aqueous methanol as solvent. Results of analysis were validated statistically by ICH guidelines 1996.
Titrimetric and UV-spectrophotometric determination of diclofenac in tablet formulation
International Journal of Bioassays, 2014
Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It is usually formulated as a sodium or potassium salt. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-pyretic activities both in animals and in humans. This study sets out to evaluate the quality and efficacy of diclofenac tablets using Chemical and UV spectrophotometric methods with a view to providing simple, sensitive and cost-effective analytical methods. The tablet samples were subjected to weight uniformity and hardness test. Method validation was by means of a precision assay. The methods were applied to the determination of diclofenac in tablets formulation. Six different brands of diclofenac tablets sourced from pharmacies in Yenagoa and Port-Harcourt, South-south region of Nigeria were analysed for diclofenac by non-aqueous titrimetry and UV spectrophotometry at the λ max of 296 nm. All the six different brands of diclofenac tablet complied with the pharmacopoeia specification for uniformity of weight and the table...
Evaluation of Diclofenac by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer in Some Locally Produced Tablets
Dhaka University Journal of Science
Diclofenac is a common and randomly used pharmaceutical product, was evaluated for its active ingredient by UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 282 nm. Diclofenac sodium of 50 mg dose of seven different companies of Bangladesh was extracted from the tablets, cleaned up and the active ingredient was evaluated. Evaluation was carried out with respect to calibration curve of standard diclofenac sodium. Amount of diclofenac in 50 mg tablets of seven different companies were found to be in the range of 47.91 ± 0.90 to 58.52 ± 0.41 mg. Recovery experiments were done by spiking excipient of the medicine at two different concentration levels with 5-7 replicate studies. Correlation coefficient (r2) was found to be 0.9974 and the recovery was103.39 ± 3.93 to 107.96 ± 3.56 % for the drug. Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 65(2): 163-165, 2017 (July)
In this work, a simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method is presented for determination of the non-steriodal anti-inflammatory drugs; diclofenac sodium (DCL) and diflunisal (DIF) in their binary mixture without prior separation. The proposed method is based on the generation of ratio spectra of one compound using the other as the divisor followed by measurement of the peak-to-trough amplitudes between two selected wavelengths in the generated ratio spectra. For the determination of DCL, a standard solution of DIF 5 µg/mL was used as the divisor, and the peak-to-trough amplitudes between 251 and 291 nm were measured and correlated to the corresponding concentrations. Similarly, DCL 7.5 µg/mL was set as the divisor in DIF determination and the peak-to-trough amplitudes at the same wavelengths were recorded. The proposed method was found linear over the concentration ranges 5-50 and 1.5-30 µg/mL for DCL and DIF, respectively. The developed method was validated following the ICH guidelines and successfully applied to the determination of both drugs in various laboratory prepared mixtures. In addition, satisfactory results were obtained from analysis of the commercial pharmaceutical preparation (suppositories) with no significant statistical differences from a reference HPLC method.
F1000Research, 2020
Background: Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is a rapid quantitative method which has been applied for pharmaceutical analysis. This work describes the utility of first derivative ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in the quantitative determination of diclofenac sodium tablets. Methods: This analytical quantitative technique depends on a first derivative measurement of the area of infrared bands corresponding to the CO stretching range of 1550-1605 cm-1. The specificity, linearity, detection limits, precision and accuracy of the calibration curve, the infrared analysis and data manipulation were determined in order to validate the method. The statistical results were compared with other methods for the quantification of diclofenac sodium. Results: The excipients in the commercial tablet preparation did not interfere with the assay. Excellent linearity was found for the drug concentrations in the range 0.2 – 1.5 w/w %. (r2= 0.9994). Precision of the ...
ORIENTAL JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, 2018
AbSTRACT Derivative spectrophotometry, which is primarily based on the first and second derivative spectra of absorption, was applied for individual and simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of diclofenac sodium (DS) and nicotinamide (NAM) in the ultraviolet region. The method depends on 1st and 2nd derivative UV spectrophotometry, with the amplitude of peak-to-base line, peak to peak, the area under peak at selected spectrum intervals and zero-crossing at certain wavelengths for each compound measurement. Under optimal conditions, a linear working range of 5-80 μg.ml-1 and 10-140 μg.ml-1 for (DS) and (NAM) with correlation coefficient R 2 between 0.9938-0.9998. The mean % recoveries were found to be in the range of 97.95-102.50 % for two drugs. The proposed technique has been effectively applied to the estimation of (DS) and (NAM) in pharmaceutical formulations.
Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016
A simple, rapid and reliable high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) with ultraviolet detection (UV) was developed and validated according to ICH guidelines, for quantitative analysis and therapeutic drug monitoring of diclofenac sodium (DS) in human plasma. Plasma samples (0.7 mL) were acid hydrolysis by 100 µL, 1 M hydrochloric acid. Analytes were concentrated from plasma by liquid-liquid extraction with 2 mL ethyl acetate by repeated twice, which allows to obtain good extraction yields (98.75%-99.32%). The separation was achieved by employing C18 analytical column (3.5 µm particle size, 150 mmx3.9 mm I.D.) under isocratic conditions using acetonitrile and NaH 2 PO 4 mixture (42.5:57.5, v/v) as mobile phase (pH: 3.16) flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. Naproxen (3 µg/mL) was used as an internal standard (IS). The DS and IS were detected at 281 nm and eluted at 2.6 and 6.2 min, respectively. Total run time was 7 min. Method showed linearity with very good determination coefficients (r 2 =0.999), over the concentration range of 50-1600 ng/mL. Limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 8.95 ng/mL and 27.12 ng/mL, respectively. Intra-day precision and accuracy were between 0.93-5.27; 1.74-9.81, respectively. Inter-day precision and accuracy were between 2.71-6.64; 2.03-9.16, respectively. This method was successfully applied for determination of DS plasma concentrations during a pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers (n=12) after an oral administration of Voltaren ® 75 mg/tablet and remarkable variations in DS levels were observed. In our study, on the contrary to equivalent doses of DS, the observed significant differences in plasma levels of DS, on 2 nd , 4 th and 6 th hours, can be explained by pharmacokinetic differences, that arise from mainly polymorphisms of CYP2C9 and CYP3A4, which are major enzymes responsible for DS metabolism.