GROWTH WITH EQUITY?: THE IMPACT OF PINOCHET'S IDEOLOGICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL LEGACY ON THE ACTORS OF REDEMOCRATIZED CHILE (original) (raw)

The Political Economy of the Top 1% in an Age of Turbulence: Chile 1913-1973

Until recently, most studies on income inequality were very limited in their aim and scope: the period under study was restricted to the recent decades and income inequality was seen as a pure outcome of market forces. Nevertheless, things are changing. This paper is part of the growing literature which aims to study the political economy of income inequality in the long run. Using a new set of estimates on income inequality in Chile, the main task of this paper is to build a historical argumentation which focuses on the vicissitudes of the political economy of the income share of the top 1% between 1913 and 1973, an age of economic and political turbulence.

The Political Dynamic of Redistribution in Unequal Democracies: The Center-Left Governments of Chile and Uruguay in Comparative Perspective

Latin American Perspectives, 2018

The redistributive reforms carried out by center-left governments in Chile and Uruguay in the 2000s affected the core interests of economic elites. Efforts to increase taxes on high-income sectors and reform the institutions that regulate the capital-labor relationship produced different results in the two countries. While Uruguay adopted significant reforms, reforms in Chile were marginal in 2000–2010 and moderate in 2014–2016. Their different trajectories are related to different configurations of the distribution of power resources between the elites and the social organizations that represent the interests of low-income sectors. Las reformas redistributivas llevadas a cabo por los gobiernos de centro-izquierda en Chile y Uruguay en la década de 2000 afectaron los intereses centrales de las élites económicas. Los esfuerzos para aumentar los impuestos a los sectores de altos ingresos y reformar las instituciones que regulan la relación capital-trabajo produjeron resultados diferen...

Economic Reforms in Chile: From Dictatorship to Democracy

Latin American Politics and Society, 2003

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The Political Economy of Distribution and Growth in Chile

2012

This paper addresses the following questions on the political economy of distribution and growth in Chile. How does Chile compare to the world in government size, income distribution, and per capita GDP? Which is the relation between income distribution, government size and structure, and growth in a political-economy model of endogenous growth? How do changes in income distribution affect growth through changes in the size of government, in a model calibrated for Chile? Which are the dynamics of distribution and growth, when they are shaped by political leadership, the policy-making process, and the quality of institutions and policies? Under which conditions of such dynamics does a non-monotonic relation between income distribution and growth emerge, akin to the Kuznets curve? How do Chile’s leadership, policy-making process, and reforms affect equity and growth? Which are the political economy requirements for successful adoption of ten key reforms to support growth and equity in...

Class Transformations in Chile's Capitalist Revolution

The Pinochet dictatorship is generally considered the ‘laboratory’ of neoliberal policy experimentation and remains to date one of its most orthodox and iconic exemplars. The conventional portrayal of the military regime, which informs the mainstream political and intellectual debate between 'radical' and 'pragmatic' neoliberals, is of a counterrevolutionary neoliberal rollback of the decades of creeping statism that had culminated in the presidency of Salvador Allende. Building upon the work of more critical and class-based analyses, this paper will contend that the Pinochet dictatorship is best understood not as a neoliberal counterrevolution but rather as a state-led capitalist revolution that radically reconstructed state and society and institutionalized a contradictory and yet profound capitalist hegemony.