A method for detecting the biosystematic significance of the essential oil composition: The case of five Hellenic Hypericum L. species (original) (raw)
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Hypericum perforatum L. (St. Johns' wort) is the most commercially important species of the genus Hypericum and contains a wide range of components including naphthodianthrones, phloroglucinols, tannins, xanthones, phenolic acids and essential oil. In the present study, for the first time the variation of the essential oil compositions among 10 wild populations of H. perforatum growing in Iran was assessed. According to the GC-FID and GC–MS analyses, a total of forty-six components were identified in 10 H. perforatum populations with relatively high variation in their composition. Among chemicals, 2,6-dimethyl-heptane (6.25–36.07%), ˛-pinene (5.56–26.03%), ı-cadinene (0.0–22.58%) and-cadinene (0.0–16.9%) were found as the most abundant compounds in their essential oils. The higher amounts of this components were identified in the oil of Azadshahr, Kharw, Nor and Mashhad populations, respectively. Cluster analysis grouped the studied populations into four different chemotypes: chemotype I (ı-cadinene/˛-humulene), chemotype II (˛-pinene), chemotype III (-cadinene) and chemotype IV (2,6-dimethyl-heptane/˛-pinene). In fact, local abiotic factors such as moisture, temperature, topography, edaphic and/or biotic selective factors (associated fauna and flora) act on loci of the terpene-biosynthesis pathways and contribute to the emergence of different chemical oil profiles. Intraspecific variation in the chemical profile of the Iranian populations provided possibility of selection of those with specific aromas or chemical profiles accompanied with biological document, being of interest at industrial level. Obtained results provided new insight for Iranian H. perforatum germplasm to be used in breeding programs and development of effective conservation strategies.
Essential oil composition of indigenous populations of Hypericum perforatum L. from southern Albania
Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 2015
The aim of this study was to investigate the yield and chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) isolated from over-ground parts of different populations of Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) (HP) from southern Albania. The EO yield of 11 specimens of indigenous populations of HP ranged from 2.50 ml/kg to 11.00 ml/kg. GC/FID/MS analyses of the EOs revealed a total of 126 identified compounds representing 77.35–88.29% of the oils. Based on the prevalence of principal components, two types of EO were distinguished: pinene-type, which included seven populations with EO rich in α-pinene, and caryophyllene-type, which included four populations with EO rich in trans-(E)-caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide. The information obtained can help to assess the potential of the studied Albanian populations for further sustainable wild exploitation to take it into a consideration as a resource of valuable genetic material or for further cultivation and breeding.aim of this study was to ...
Chemistry & Biodiversity, 2012
The chemical composition of the essential oils of five populations of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra from Tunisia and their intraspecific variability were analyzed in detail by GC/MS. One hundred seventy-four compounds were identified, representing averages of 87.9 to 98.7% of the oil composition. The components are represented here by homologous series of monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, non-terpenic hydrocarbons, and others. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the most abundant chemical compounds. Multivariate chemometric techniques, such as cluster analysis (CA) and principal-component analysis (PCA), were used to characterize the samples according to the geographical origin. By statistical analysis, the analyzed populations were classified into four chemotype groups.
Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils of Six Hypericum Species (Hypericaceae) from Iran
2012
The genus Hypericum is one of the most important medicinal plants that contain 17 species in Iran, three of them are endemics. This paper reports the essential oil composition of six Hypericum species from Iran. The essential oil analysis of a number of the studied plants has already been reported but their report from Iran may be valuable for scientists. Samples collected between June and August 2007. The composition of the essential oils from Hypericum was investigated on flower and leaf. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation method and then were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Main components obtained in H. dogonbadanicum (endemic of Iran) on flower were phenyl ethyl octanoate(29.0%), terpin-4-ol (20.0%), and -phellandrene (12.9%), and on leaf were -pinene (54.3%), -pinene (12.0%) and p-cymene (11.0%), in H. helianthemoides on flower were -pinene (55.9%), Z-ocimene (8.7%) and -pinene (7.5%), and in H. hyssopifolium on flower were -pinene (49.5%), -pinene (12.9%) and n-tetradecan (5.2%) and on leaf were E-nerolidol (21.0%), n-tetradecane (15.8%) and -himachalene(13.3%), in H. lysimachioides on flower were -pinene (55.0%), Z--ocimene (30.7%) and n-tetradecane (2.7%), in H. perforatumon flower were E--farnesene (14.7%), n-hexadecanal (9.1%) and E-nerolidol (7.8%), and in H. triquetrifolium on flower were n-tetradecane (21.3%), -himachalene (14.2%) and -pinene (10.7%), and on leaf were -himachalen (27%), n-tetradecane (25.7%) and n-pentadecane (7.0%).
Essential Oil Composition of Eight Hypericum species (Hypericaceae) from Iran: Part II
Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-products, 2013
The genus Hypericum is one of the most important medicinal plants that contain 17 species in Iran, three of them are endemics. This paper reports the essential oil composition of eight Hypericum species from Iran. The essential oil analysis of a number of the studied plants has already been reported but their report from Iran may be valuable for scientists. Samples collected from different places between June and August 2010. The composition of the essential oils from Hypericum was investigated on the flower head. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation method and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The essential oil yield and composition in H. androsaemum L.: oil yields (0.17%) and major components were longifolene 19.2%, gurjunene 16%, and -gurjunene 8.4%, in H. apricum kar. \u0026 kir. oil yields (0.50%), and major components were cis-piperitol acetate 24.3%, p-cymenene 21% -pinene 8.3%; in H. armenum Jaub. \u0026 Spach oil yields (0.20%) and major components were -cadinene 30.6%, longifolene 10.4%, and E-nerolidol 7.4%; in H. asperulum Jaub. \u0026 Spach oil yields (0.05%), and major components were -muurolol 17.6%, cis-sesquisabienen hydrate 12.5%, and germacrene B 9.8%; in H. hirsutum L. oil yields (0.05%), and major components were germacrene B 29.2%, citronellyl propanoate 7.9%, and -gurjunene 7.5%; in H.linarioides Bosse oil yields (0.15%), and major components were (E, E)-farnesyl acetate 16.5%, cis-cadinene ether 12.7%, and 1-tridecene 5.7%; and in H. tetrapterum Fries oil yields (0.08%), and major components were trans-linalool oxide 22.3%, p-cymenene 6.2% and (E, E)-farnesyl acetate 6%, and in H. vermiculare Boiss. \u0026 Hausskn. oil yields (1.74%), and major components were -pinene 61%, myrcyne 6% and E--farnesene 5.3%.