Clonal Micropropagation of Phalaenopsis Species (Orchidaceae) in Vitro (original) (raw)
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Micropropagation of Phalaenopsis orchids via protocorms and protocorm-like bodies
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2011
Phalaenopsis orchids have high economic value in the floriculture industry. Hybridization or cross-pollination in the breeding program have proven to be very reliable techniques for the production of a wide range of successful cultivars with attractive combinations of spray length, bud number, flower color and type, fragrance, seasonality, and compactness. In vitro propagation makes it possible to clonally mass propagate hybrids of commercial value and conserved species. However, in vitro culture technologies are still a challenge because of the slow growth of plantlets, low multiplication rate, poor rooting, and somaclonal variation. Although seed-raised plants can be used for conservation and breeding for the selection of superior features, genetic characteristics including seasonality, inflorescence, flower color, and type are not uniform. In this regard, micropropagation through protocorm-like bodies obtained from germinating embryos and somatic tissues is an important strategy ...
Micropropagation of Mini Orchid Hybrid Phalaenopsis “Sogo Vivien”
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Phalaenopsis “Sogo Vivien” is an orchid hybrid with mini size plant body, and exhibits numerous beautiful pink flowers, that is ideal as ornamental pot plant. Some plants of this orchid exhibit variegated leaves that improve the beauty of the plant, not only because of the flower but also as attracted leaves. This orchid has high economical value, but mass propagation of this orchid has not established yet. An effective method to propagate both the normal and variegated plants is worth to be generated. The objective of this research was to produce a large number of P. “Sogo Vivien” plants, including the variegated plants. The method used seeds from self pollinating variegated plant, and flower stalk nodes. The seeds were sown on three various medium: VW, NP and MS, and flower stalk nodes were planted on VW + BA 10 mg l-1 + active carbon. The results showed that the best medium for in vitro culture of P. “Sogo Vivien” was NP medium, in which all seeds could grew into plantlets. Most ...
Rapid Micropropagation of Vu Nu Orchid (Oncidium SP.) by Using Tissue Culture Technique
CBU International Conference Proceedings, 2017
The high demand of Oncidium orchids leads us to find out efficient methods of propagating them. However, the propagation rate of traditional methods are low in nature and a hybrid seed is not genetically stable. Thus, plant cell biotechnology is examined as the most effective way to resolve the barrier of elite clone production. Shoot clusters were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (1 mg/l) for callus induction (76.19%) before induced callus was favoured for PLBs regeneration (98 PLBs/callus cluster) on MS medium supplemented with NAA (0.75 mg/l); the combination of BA (0.5 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l) was favoured for PLBs regeneration (28.18 PLBs/shoot cluster) from shoots cultivation. The PLBs (79.21 PLBs/PLB cluster) were then proliferated on MS medium supplemented with NAA (1 mg/l) and BA (1 mg/l) for shoot regeneration (12.42 shoots/PLBs cluster). Multiple-shoots were divided to 3-4 shoots/cluster for micropropagation on the MS medium supplemented with the combination of BA (0.25 mg/l) and NAA (0.25 mg/l) to reach 11.66 shoots/cluster. Shoots were finally separated to single-shoot for rooting on the MS medium supplemented with NAA (0.75 mg/l). A scheme for Oncidium micropropagation using PLBs culture techniques was set up.
In Vitro Propagation Of Nepalese Orchids: A Review
Journal of Horticultural Research, 2014
Nepalese orchids are made up of 458 taxa. Despite a ban on the collection and trade of all orchid species in Nepal, numerous anthropogenic factors are leading to the rapid loss of natural stands of germplasm. Biotechnology, specifically in vitro propagation, may be the only viable solution for preserving and reintroducing endangered germplasm back into the wild. Despite the large germplasm base, only tissue culture studies have been conducted, and most have focused almost exclusively on in vitro seed germination, the bulk of which have been conducted in the past few years. No other biotechnological advances have yet been made. This brief review provides a short synopsis of the advances made thus far in the in vitro propagation of Nepalese orchids.
In VitroPropagation ofPhaius luridus Thwaites - A Terrestrial and Endemic Orchid of Western Ghats
Family Orchidaceae constitutes one of the largest families of flowering plants, having around 20,000 species. They are unique in forms, colors and flower structure. The genus Phaius luridus Thwaites is the terrestrial orchid, endemic to the Western Ghats and is an endangered species. A rapid in vitro seed germination technique is described here. MS, VW, B5 and KC media supplemented with various concentrations of auxins and cytokinins were used in combination for asymbiotic seed germination and plantlet formation. In the evaluation of the media MS medium supplemented with 2 mg BAP/L-1+ 5mg NAA/L-1 was found to be suitable with both liquid and solid. Even B5 solid and liquid medium supplemented with 2 mg BAP/L-1+1mg IAA/L-1 was found to be suitable. Further, hormonal concentrations of auxins and cytokinins were evaluated for minimal and optimal levels in the medium. Hardened plants were transferred to green house after ex vitro rooting technique. Significance of the present work is discussed here.
Micropropagation and in Vitro Conservation of Threatened Orchids : A Brief Review
2017
Orchids are the most beautiful flowers in the God’s creation acting as jewels among the floriculture crops exhibiting an incredible range of diversity in size, shape, colour and long shelf life. In the 21 st century, the major concerns for orchid conservation revolved around unsustainable harvest for the orchid trade, habitat destruction, and more importantly, global climate change. Recent rapid changes in the Earth’s climate have been linked to changes in physiology, disturbance in pollination and distributions of the orchids. It is, however, likely that many orchid populations will be affected adversely and that in situ conservation techniques by themselves will not be sufficient to prevent the extinction of many species. A range of complimentary ex situ strategies based on in vitro techniques are discussed. Large scale multiplication using tissue culture methods opened up a number of possibilities over the past few years. The application of these techniques such as production of ...
Commercial fertilizers and organic additives in orchid micropropagation
Plant Cell Culture & Micropropagation, 2020
In vitro cultivation strategies promise conservation and micropropagation of vulnerable or economically exciting plants, especially in Orchidaceae. Numerous reports are available for an extensive contingent of orchids of the most varied genera, and the main issue is related to the behavior of species during the process of germination and growth concerning the nutrients used in the culture media. In Orchidaceae, several evidence support that each species responds differently and specifically according to the biotic and abiotic conditions available for in vitro growth. The main concern is to seek simplified culture media that promote germination and the development of healthy plants on a large scale. This study assessed the behavior of Catasetum fimbriatum and Catasetum macrocarpum in culture media containing commercial fertilizers supplemented with organic additives, compared with traditional media, an economically more viable strategy for micropropagation. Seeds were cultured on traditional nutrient media or with commercial fertilizer and organic additives in different combination. The analysis of plant growth after 120 days in vitro showed that the best treatment in both species was the medium containing commercial foliar fertilizer Peters NPK ® 10:30:20 supplemented with potato and banana pulp.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2017
Phaius tankervilliae (L’Her.) Blume is one of the most attractive and horticulturally valuable ground orchids of the world. Due to illegal collection for trade and consumption and loss of habitat, the population of this species has decreased rapidly at an alarming rate in natural habitats. In vitro seed germination and seedling development of Phaius tankervilliae technique was successfully established for rapid multiplication using 0.8% (w/v) agar solidified MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of Kinetin (Kin) and NAA. MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 Kin + 1.0 mg L-1 NAA was the most ideal condition for early seed germination (2.87 weeks), fastest protocorm formation (5.07 weeks), tallest shoots (6.85 cm) and maximum number of roots per plant (6.20). However, maximum number of shoots (52.27) per culture and maximum number of shoots with roots (50.27) were produced when the plantlets were transferred to MS basal medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L-1 Kin + 1.0 mg L-1 NAA. The well developed in vitro rooted plantlets were hardened successfully in the potting mixture containing only vermiculite (86.00 %) followed by vermiculite + vermicompost (71.00 %) at 1:1 ratio.