Interactive Effect of Light and CdO Nanoparticles on Dodonaea viscosa Morphological, Antioxidant, and Phytochemical Properties (original) (raw)
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Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry
The co-precipitation method was used to produce cadmium oxide nanoparticles (CdO NPs) with different plant extracts such as Tinospora Cardifolia (stems), Rhododendron arboretum (flower), Pichrorhiza Kurroa (roots), Nardostachys jatamansi (roots), Acorus Calamus (roots), Corylus Jacquemontii (seeds), and Emblica Officinalis (fruit). To extract organic matter from the as-prepared sample, it was calcined at a temperature ranging from 500-600⁰ C. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate the structure and morphology of the calcined oxide nanoparticles. The CdO NPs were well amorphous particle form and had an average particle size of 20-55 nm. The cytotoxicity of the Pichrorhiza Kurroa shows strong antiproliferative activity against rat skeletal myoblast cell lines (L-6).
Phytosynthesis of Cadmium Oxide Nanoparticles from Achillea wilhelmsii Flowers
Journal of Chemistry, 2013
e study here deals with the plant synthesis of cadmium oxide nanoparticles using �owers extract of Achillea wilhelmsii as the reducing agent. e photosynthesis is carried out at room temperature in the laboratory ambience. e aqueous cadmium ions when exposed to �ower extract were reduced and resulted in their nanoparticles. e synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using techniques such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. Stable cadmium oxide nanoparticles were formed by treating aqueous solution of cadmium chloride (CdCl 2 ) with the plant �ower extracts as reducing agent.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 2018
We report on the toxicity and bioaccumulation of three different types of Cd-based quantum dots (QDs), dispersed in aqueous medium, for a model plant Allium cepa L. It is believed that encapsulation of nanoparticles should reduce their toxicity and increase their stability in different environments; in this work we studied how QD encapsulation affects their phytotoxicity. Core, core/shell, and core/shell/shell QDs (CdTe, CdTe/ZnS, and CdTe/CdS/ZnS QDs capped by 2-mercaptopropionic acid) were tested and CdCl was used as a positive control. After 24-h and 72-h exposure, total Cd content (M) and bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were determined in all parts of A. cepa plants (roots, bulb, shoot), and the total length of the root system was monitored as a toxicity end-point. Measurements of total Cd content versus free Cd content (with Differential Pulse Voltammetry, DPV) in exposure media showed differences in chemical stability of the three QD types. Correspondingly, selected QDs showed ...
Eurasian Chemistry Society, 2019
Development of an environmentally benign route for synthesis of nanomaterial is a remarkable step in the field of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology involves the tailoring of materials at the atomic level to attain peculiar and special properties, which can be seemly manipulated for many applications. Among the all metal oxide nanoparticles, cadmium oxide nanoparticles (CdONPs) have attracted a great deal of attention due to its superior biological, chemical, and physical properties. Green protocol of synthesizing nanoparticles has emerged as an optional way to overcome the limitation of the conventional methods. Plant, biopolymers, and microorganisms are majorly used for green synthesis of nanoparticles. Using plants towards synthesis of nanoparticles are emerging and also beneficial compared to microbes with the presence of broad variability of biomolecules in plants which can act as capping and stabilizing agents and so increases the rate of stabilization of synthesized nanoparticles. Also, the nanoparticles produced by the plants material are more stable than the microorganisms. Therefore, among the all organisms plants are best potential candidates for biosynthesis of CdONPs and they are suitable for large-scale biosynthesis. In this review, the green synthesis of CdONPs, protocol of syntheses, mechanism of formation, and their miscellaneous applications have been discussed.
Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) nanoparticles have been synthesized by a simple and cost effective route. Thevetia peruviana leaf extract has been used as a capping agent at room temperature. The prepared CdTe nanoparticles are characterized structurally through XRD, TEM and AFM. The XRD pattern confirmed the formation of mixture of cubic and hexagonal structure of CdTe nanoparticles. From TEM study, the average particle size was found to be within 4 –6 nm. The synthesized nanoparticles are characterized optically by Optical Absorption, Photoluminescence (PL) spectra study. PL spectra indicate the luminescence from band edge since it is close to the band-gap as determined from optical absorption. The zeta potential of green synthesized CdTe nanoparticles determines its stability. FTIR of CdTe nanoparticles and Thevetia peruviana leave extract are performed. Dark conductivity and photoconductivity study determines the photosensitivity and relaxation time of CdTe film grown on glass slide. Low cost dye sensitized solar cell have been fabricated and characterized through J-V study at dark and under illumination.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2018
The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of two different sources of cadmium, i.e. CdCl 2 and Cdbased Quantum Dots (QDs), for freshwater model plant Lemna minor L. Cadmium telluride QDs were capped with two coating ligands: glutathione (GSH) or 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA). Growth rate inhibition and final biomass inhibition of L. minor after 168-h exposure were monitored as toxicity endpoints. Dose-response curves for Cd toxicity and EC50 168h values were statistically evaluated for all sources of Cd to uncover possible differences among the toxicities of tested compounds. Total Cd content and its bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) in L. minor after the exposure period were also determined to distinguish Cd bioaccumulation patterns with respect to different test compounds. Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) with lateral resolution of 200 µm was employed in order to obtain two-dimensional maps of Cd spatial distribution in L. minor fronds. Our results show that GSH-and MPA-capped Cd-based QDs have similar toxicity for L. minor, but are significantly less toxic than CdCl 2. However, both sources of Cd lead to similar patterns of Cd bioaccumulation and distribution in L. minor fronds. Our results are in line with previous reports that the main mediators of Cd toxicity and bioaccumulation in aquatic plants are Cd 2+ ions dissolved from Cd-based QDs.
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 2014
Cadmium (Cd) accumulation and related stress responses have been investigated in red, blue and white lights exposed Oryza sativa L. cv MTU 7029. Cd translocation was reduced significantly by red and blue lights. Increase in amount of organic acids, thiols, and nutrients in the roots that cause Cd rhizocomplexation was the reason for reduction in Cd translocation. These effects were due to higher efficiency to perform photosynthesis and transpiration under red or blue lights compare with white light during Cd stress. Increased photosynthetic assimilate turnover was witnessed as a function of sugar content. Amount of redox regulators such as glutathione and ascorbate were also increased under red and blue light exposure. Together with up regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities, these metabolites ensured redox balance in presence of reactive oxygen species produced due to Cd toxicity. Protection of photosynthesis from Cd inducible oxidative stress ensured supplies of sugar intermediates essential for the synthesis of metal chelators in roots. Therefore, it was inferred that red and blue lights promote Cd rhizocomplexation and ameliorated Cd stress in rice seedlings.
Brazilian Journal of Botany, 2016
This study aimed to compare the effects of increasing concentrations of cadmium (Cd) on the growth rates, content of photosynthetic pigments, and ultrastructure of Palisada flagellifera (J. Agardh) K. W. Nam (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta). Plants were cultivated under photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) of 70 lmol photons m-2 s-1 with 0 (control), 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10 20, 40, and 60 lM of cadmium (CdCl 2) for 7 days. Subsequently, the apical segments of P. flagellifera were analyzed under transmission microscopy, and both growth rates and photosynthetic pigments were measured. Growth rates in P. flagellifera samples gradually decreased with the increasing concentration of Cd in culture medium. Palisada flagellifera exposed to 20, 40, and 60 lM of Cd showed thallus bleaching and partial necrosis. Damage to thylakoid membranes and discoloration, as well as reduced phycobiliproteins, were more evident at concentrations of Cd higher than 40 lM. Palisada flagellifera samples treated with Cd also showed cell wall thickness triggered by the activation of mechanical defense mechanisms to prevent entry of Cd into the cytoplasm, as well as the increase of chlorophyll a content. Overall, these results indicate that exposure to cadmium in concentrations exceeding 40 lM is sublethal to P. flagellifera.
Biosynthesis of luminescent CdS quantum dots using plant hairy root culture
Nanoscale Research Letters, 2014
CdS nanoparticles have a great potential for application in chemical research, bioscience and medicine. The aim of this study was to develop an efficient and environmentally-friendly method of plant-based biosynthesis of CdS quantum dots using hairy root culture of Linaria maroccana L. By incubating Linaria root extract with inorganic cadmium sulfate and sodium sulfide we synthesized stable luminescent CdS nanocrystals with absorption peaks for UV-visible spectrometry at 362 nm, 398 nm and 464 nm, and luminescent peaks at 425, 462, 500 nm. Transmission electron microscopy of produced quantum dots revealed their spherical shape with a size predominantly from 5 to 7 nm. Electron diffraction pattern confirmed the wurtzite crystalline structure of synthesized cadmium sulfide quantum dots. These results describe the first successful attempt of quantum dots synthesis using plant extract.