Sapindus saponins’ impact on hydrocarbon biodegradation by bacteria strains after short- and long-term contact with pollutant (original) (raw)
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Bioresource Technology, 2008
This study concerns the relation between hydrocarbon biodegradation in the presence of natural surfactants and cell hydrophobicity resulting from the use of these surfactants. The relative capabilities of two bacterial strains (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis) and two yeast strains (Candida maltosa, Yarrowia lipolytica) were investigated. The selected microorganisms were tested separately and in combination in order to achieve the optimal degrading performance. The surface cell hydrophobicity of microorganisms and the degree of hydrocarbon biodegradation were measured. The microbial adhesion to the hydrocarbon (MATH) test was used to denote the surface cell hydrophobicity of the microbial species. The results indicate the correlation between the modification of the surface cell and the degree of hydrocarbon biodegradation; however results for bacteria differ from that obtained for yeast strains. Saponins, as the surfactant, was more effective than rhamnolipides during hydrocarbon biodegradation, though the concentration of this surfactant has no significant influence on the surface cell hydrophobicity.
Chemosphere, 2018
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are persistent organic compounds of major concern that tend to accumulate in the environment, threatening ecosystems and health. Brownfields represent an important tank for PAHs and require remediation. Researches to develop bioremediation and phytoremediation techniques are being conducted as alternatives to environmentally aggressive, expensive and often disruptive soil remediation strategies. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the potential of saponins (natural surfactants) as extracting agents and as bioremediation enhancers on an aged-contaminated soil. Two experiments were conducted on a brownfield soil containing 15 PAHs. In a first experiment, soil samples were extracted with saponins solutions (0; 1; 2; 4 and 8 g.L-1). In a second experiment conducted in microcosms (28 °C), soil samples were incubated for 14 or 28 days in presence of saponins (0; 2.5 and 5 mg g-1). CO2 emissions were monitored throughout the experi...
Colloids and Interfaces
The environment pollution with hydrophobic hydrocarbons is a serious problem that requires development of efficient strategies that would lead to bioremediation of contaminated areas. One of the common methods used for enhancement of biodegradation of pollutants is the addition of biosurfactants. Several mechanisms have been postulated as responsible for hydrocarbons bioavailability enhancement with biosurfactants. They include solubilization and desorption of pollutants as well as modification of bacteria cell surface properties. The presented review contains a wide discussion of these mechanisms in the context of alteration of bioremediation efficiency with biosurfactants. It brings new light to such a complex and important issue.
Ecological Engineering, 2017
Petroleum hydrocarbons' insolubility (due to hydrophobic nature) remains an important factor in microbial degradation of these compounds. The use of microbial biosurfactants significantly decreases the hydrophobicity and increases the rate of hydrocarbon biodegradation. Four bacterial strains, Pseudomonas poae BA1, Acinetobacter bouvetii BP18, Bacillus thuringiensis BG3, and Stenotrophomonas rhizophila BG32, isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil, were used to test biosurfactant production capacities under different nutrient conditions. The hydrocarbon degradation by biosurfactant producing strains was compared with a non biosurfactant producing hydrocarbon degrading Pseudomonas rhizosphaerae BP3 strain. The percentage increase in biosurfactant production in nutrient rich medium, which was nutrient broth (NB), as compared to nutrient deprive medium, which was Bushnell-Haas broth (BHB), was BA1 = 20.48%, BP18 = 24.81%, BG3 = 16.71% and BG32 = 14.55%. The biosurfactant producing strains showed 16-28% increase in hydrocarbon degradation, as compared to non biosurfactant producing strain. The highest hydrocarbon degradation (96.07%) was exhibited by BA1, followed by BP18 (93.53%), BG3 (89.97%), BG32 (87.10%), and BP3 (74.60%). We concluded that biosurfactant production is influenced by the availability of nutrients. Cell hydrophobicity, surface tension and biosurfactant production influence hydrocarbon degradation, which can be enhanced with the use of biosurfactant producing bacteria.
Screening of Biosurfactants from Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacteria
Biosurfactants compounds are produced by microorganisms. These isolates reduced surface tension both in aqueous solutions and hydrocarbon mixtures. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the biosurfactant producing bacteria from petrochemical soil wastes. Among the 16 isolates, two strains (BPB7: Pseudomonas sp and BPB13: Serratia sp) were shown high salt tolerance and successful production of biosurfactant in a range of pH 6.5 to 7.5 and at room temperature. To confirm the ability of isolates in biosurfactant production, different screening methods including hemolysis, emulsification, penetration, oil spreading test BATH assay and salt aggregation assay were assessed. This study was suggested that these two bacteria having potential for microbial enhanced oil recovery and also possessing Anti microbial and Anti adhesive property. The rich amount of biosurfactant compound like, glycolipid was found in these two strains. (BPB7 and BPB13).
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2017
Amongst the total forty-seven bacterial isolates, eleven potent biosurfactant producing and concomitant hydrocarbon degraders were obtained after primary screening involving drop collapse method (DCM) and Oil-spreading method (OSM) followed by secondary screening comprising of Haemolytic assay (HA), Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) assay, Surface tension (ST), Emulsification index (E24) and Emulsification activity (EA). 16S-rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of Achromobacter, Bacillus, Citrobacter, Lysinibacillus, Ochrobactrum and Pseudomonas. Two genera, Achromobacter (PS1) (observed for the first time) and Bacillus (SLDB1) were found to be glycolipid producers as evident by TLC, FT-IR and GC-MS chromatograms. The surface tension values were 30.43 mN/m and 31.10 mN/m with (E24) of 69.90% and 65.23% respectively. Similarly the TLC, FT-IR and GC-MS results of the other two genera Ochrobactrum (GREW1) and Bacillus (SB2) confirmed them as lipopeptide biosurfactant producers with surface tension values of 31.14 mN/m and 28.16 mN/m and (E24) of 59.51% and 61.35% respectively. Qualitative 2,6-Dichlorophenol Indophenol (2,6-DCPIP) and quantitative methods for hydrocarbon degradation revealed that Achromobacter sp. (PS1) showed a maximum degradation (46.32%) of 2% (w/v) crude oil with 70.77% and 77.17% reduction in peak area of aliphatic and aromatic fractions respectively with simultaneous lowering of surface tension from 59.27 mN/m (control) to 32.43 mN/m in 7 days. In case of Achromobacter sp. (PS1) and Bacillus sp. (SB2 and SLDB1), glucose supported biosurfactant production, whereas in Ochrobactrum sp. (GREW1) glucose along with 1% diesel enhanced biosurfactant production. This signifies the role of substrate in the nature of biosurfactants produced.
Environmental Sustainability
Biosurfactants (BSs) are amphiphilic compounds produced by microorganisms and have diverse applications in various industries. This study was aimed to identify and characterize BS producing bacteria from three oil-polluted sites from Pune, Maharashtra, India. Out of the total 48 bacterial isolates, 14 BS producing isolates were detected through drop collapse method (DCM) and oil spreading method (OSM), hemolytic activity, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) test, emulsification index (E 24), and surface tension (SFT) measurement. The BS producing isolates were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrophotometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results indicated that the isolates belonged to six genera, including Bacillus, Agrococcus, Arthrobacter, Kocuria, Dietzia, and Lysinibacillus. We are reporting BS producing Agrococcus terreus for the first time. Out of 14 BS producing bacteria, four isolates showed β hemolysis in blood agar plates, while all isolates showed negative results on CTAB agar plate. A positive correlation was observed between DCM, OSM, and SFT measurements. Bacillus sp. (isolate PR170) presented the maximum diameter of the clear zone (32 mm) in OSM. The E 24 was found to be in the range of 15-57%. Four isolates including PR170, PP151, PP168, and PG138 significantly reduced the SFT of the medium by up to 26.79, 27.81, 28.83, and 30.99 mN/m, respectively. Nine isolates were able to grow in media containing various polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Results gathered in this study demonstrated that isolates belonging to four genera from the contaminated sites had an outstanding potential for further application in biotechnological processes such as large-scale BS production or bioremediation of hydrocarbon polluted sites, and will contribute towards environmental sustainability.
Biosurfactant Production by Bacteria Isolated from Hydrocarbon-impacted soil
Bioremediation Science and Technology Research, 2018
Advancement in biotechnology and its industrial application has led to increased demand for biological compounds of microbial origin. Such compounds are biosurfactant and their application in different sectors is increasing despite some challenges. In the present study, the ability of bacterial species growing in hydrocarbon impacted soil to produce biosurfactants was investigated with a view to isolate competent biosurfactant producers with desirable qualities for a large scale biosurfactant production. Soil samples contaminated with different kinds of hydrocarbon were collected from Mechanic workshop (MW) and Mai-kose (MK) area in Maiduguri Metropolis, Nigeria. Soil samples were cultured on nutrient agar and mineral salt agar by pour plate technique for enumeration of viable bacteria and isolation of oil utilising bacteria respectively. Samples from MW were observed to harbour fewer bacteria than MK area with 7.3 ×107 CFU/g and 4.0×108 CFU/g respectively. Fifteen bacterial speci...
Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria and Surfactant Activity
World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology - WORLD J MICROBIOL BIOTECHNOL, 2006
Fate of benzene ethylbenzene toluene xylenes (BTEX) compounds through biodegradation was investigated using two different bacteria, Ralstonia picketti (BP-20) and Alcaligenes piechaudii (CZOR L-1B). These bacteria were isolated from extremely polluted petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils. PCR and Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) were used to identify the isolates. Biodegradation was measured using each organism individually and in combination. Both bacteria were shown to degrade each of the BTEX compounds. Alcaligenes piechaudii biodegraded BTEXs more efficiently while mixed with BP-20 and individually. Biosurfactant production was observed by culture techniques. In addition 3-hydroxy fatty acids, important in biosurfactant production, was observed by FAME analysis. In the all experiments toluene and m+p- xylenes were better growth substrates for both bacteria than the other BTEX compounds. In addition, the test results indicate that the bacteria could contribute to bioremediation...