Photonic Add–Drop Filter Based on Integrated Photonic Crystal Structures (original) (raw)
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Photonic Add–Drop Filter Based on Integrated Photonic Crystal Structures
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2010
We present an integrated and pigtailed add-drop filter based on photonic crystal structures. In the characterization in static regime, the insertion losses around 25 dB are successfully overcome with the device providing error-free operation for add, drop, and multicasting operation (at 10 Gbit/s) and sustaining less than 2.5 dB of power penalty. We also emulate packet switching operation at 10 Gbit/s employing the device in combination with a silicon-wired waveguided-based integrated optical delay line, sustaining less than 2 dB power penalty. The demonstrated add-drop filter based on photonic crystal structures provides proof of the advantages of integrated structures for future all-optical photonic nodes. This compact device would be a core element of a futuristic photonic add-drop multiplexer.
Polarization-transparent silicon photonic add-drop multiplexer with wideband hitless tuneability
Nature Communications, 2021
Flexible optical networks require reconfigurable devices with operation on a wavelength range of several tens of nanometers, hitless tuneability (i.e. transparency to other channels during reconfiguration), and polarization independence. All these requirements have not been achieved yet in a single photonic integrated device and this is the reason why the potential of integrated photonics is still largely unexploited in the nodes of optical communication networks. Here we report on a fully-reconfigurable add-drop silicon photonic filter, which can be tuned well beyond the extended C-band (almost 100 nm) in a complete hitless (>35 dB channel isolation) and polarization transparent (1.2 dB polarization dependent loss) way. This achievement is the result of blended strategies applied to the design, calibration, tuning and control of the device. Transmission quality assessment on dual polarization 100 Gbit/s (QPSK) and 200 Gbit/s (16-QAM) signals demonstrates the suitability for dynamic bandwidth allocation in core networks, backhaul networks, intra-and inter-datacenter interconnects.
2012
Abstract In this paper, we propose a heterostructure multichannel add/drop filter based on 2-D photonic crystal ring-resonator in which, add and drop operations are accomplished by coupling between two W1 waveguides. The wavelength spacing of 10.3 nm, as well as the average cross-talk of− 37.5 dB, are the other features of the proposed filter. Furthermore, nanoscale effects on the filter's performance including wavelength spacing, cross-talk amount, and dynamic response are considered.
Silicon-Based Low-Power Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (Roadm)
2012
We demonstrate a 1×4 coarse wavelength division-multiplexing (CWDM) planar concave grating multiplexer/demultiplexer and its application in re-configurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) system in silicon-on-insulator substrate. The wavelengths of the demonstrated concave grating multiplexer align well with the ITU-T standard. We demonstrate a prototype of ROADM comprising two such concave gratings and four wide-band thermo-optical MZI switches. Undercut technology which removes the underneath silicon substrate is adopted in optical switches in order to minimize the operation power. For all the thermal heaters, the operation voltage is smaller than 1.5 V, and the switch power is ~2.4 mW. High throughput pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) data transmission with up to 100 Gb/s is demonstrated, showing the high-performance ROADM functionality.
Silicon photonics for compact, energy-efficient interconnects [Invited]
Journal of Optical Networking, 2007
The goal of the research program that we describe is to break the emerging performance wall in microprocessor development arising from limited bandwidth and density of on-chip interconnects and chip-to-chip (processor-tomemory) electrical interfaces. Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor compatible photonic devices provide an infrastructure for deployment of a range of integrated photonic networks, which will replace state-of-the-art electrical interconnects, providing significant gains at the system level. Scaling of wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) architectures using high-indexcontrast (HIC) waveguides offers one path to realizing the energy efficiency and density requirements of high data rate links. HIC microring-resonator filters are well suited to support add-drop nodes in dense WDM photonic networks with high aggregate data rates because they support high Q's and, due to their traveling-wave character, naturally support physically separated input and drop ports. A novel reconfigurable, "hitless" switch is presented that does not perturb the express channels either before, during, or after reconfiguration. In addition, multigigahertz operation of low-power, Mach-Zehnder silicon modulators as well as germanium-on-silicon photodiodes are presented.
Compact and fault-tolerant photonic crystal add drop filter
Optics Letters, 2003
We propose an add-drop filter consisting of two adjacent waveguides carved into a two-dimensional photonic crystal that is etched through a standard guiding structure. This filter is based on distributed energy transfer via the frequency-selective intermediate conversion of the fundamental guided mode to a high-order low-group-velocity mode. This geometry circumvents the fabrication sensitivity on the single-hole scale of previous cavity-based designs. Combining distributed energy transfer and reduced group velocity preserves compactness. The design is analytically optimized with a coupled-mode approach.
Photonic crystal ring resonator-based add drop filters: a review
Optical Engineering, 2013
The add drop filter (ADF) is one of the most significant devices for coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) systems to add and/ or drop a required channel individually from multiplexed output channels without disturbing other channels. The important parameters of the ADF are coupling efficiency, dropping efficiency, passband width and Q factor. Photonic crystal (PC)-based optical devices have attracted great interest due to their compactness, speed of operation, long life period, suitability for photonic integrated circuits, and future optical networks. Here, an extensive overview of a photonic crystal ring resonator (PCRR)-based ADF using a different shape of ring resonator is presented, and its corresponding functional parameters are discussed. Finally, the designed circular PCRR-based ADF for an ITU-T G 694.2 CWDM system is presented. Approximately 100% of coupling efficiency and dropping efficiency, 114.69 of Q factor, and 13 nm of passband width is obtained through simulation, which outperforms the reported one.
Tunable Optical Add/Drop Filter for CWDM Systems Using Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator
Journal of Electronic Materials, 2019
In this paper an add/drop filter based on a two dimensional (2D) photonic crystal ring resonator (PCRR) is proposed and its performance is studied. This device is comprised of a hexagonal PCRR between two parallel waveguides formed by creating line defects in a 2D lattice structure with an array of 20 9 20 Si (Silicon) rods in air host. The lattice constant a is 636 nm and the radius of silicon (Si) rods r is 0.2a. The size of the add/drop filter is 6 lm 9 6 lm. We have achieved nearer to 100% dropping efficiency when the wavelength (k) of the optical input signal is 1.55 lm. Optical signal can be made to drop at a different port by varying its wavelength or radius of Si rods. Simulation of the device is performed using a licensed RSoft FullWAVE tool based on a finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulator. The proposed structure could be used as an add/drop filter in the wavelength division multiplexing.
Photonic crystal add–drop filter: a review on principles and applications
2020
Add–drop flter (ADF) is a key component in optical integrated circuits that can be used in all-optical communication networks and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems. The quality factor, coupling efciency, transmission efciency and coupling length are important parameters in add–drop flters. Photonic crystal (PC) optical devices have become popular among researchers because their structure is suitable to embed into optical circuits. This paper covers a comprehensive review of the principle structure of ADF, coupled mode theory (CMT), types and recent applications in WDMs, accelerometer and bio/chemical sensors. Although there are some diferent categories of photonic crystal ring resonator-based ADF in general, all of them can be divided into photonic to two class of non-circular and circular. This article is reported a comprehensive study about ADF and improvement of these ADF.
Design and Simulation of a Photonic Crystal-Based 2-D Octagonal-Shaped Optical Drop Filter
Springer eBooks, 2021
In this paper, the bandwidth of a photonic crystal (PhC) based band pass filter is tailored to accommodate a carrier wavelength in presence of maximum shifts specified for a coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) system. For desired tailoring we introduce defects, whose distribution is crucial in determining flatness of the filter pass band. To analyze filter performance, transfer matrix method is employed, and a condition guiding distribution of defects within the structure is derived. Design parameters of proposed model are optimized through simulation using MATLAB. To validate the MATLAB simulation results for practical implementation, the filter is further simulated by CST MW Studio. Both simulation results show close agreement with each other. According to ITU-T Recommendation G.694.2 for a CWDM system, a channel wavelength may undergo a maximum shift of ±(6-7) nm. The flat top pass band of our proposed filter can support such channels. The most striking feature of the filter is that it is expected to perform satisfactorily, even if during fabrication, the dimension of individual unit cell deviates from its estimated value. The choice of silicon and silicon dioxide as PhC materials provides easy realization of integrated filter structure.