Agents of Things (AoT): An Intelligent Operational Concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) (original) (raw)
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Enhancing the Internet of Things (IoT) via the Concept of Agent of Things (AoT)
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a relatively new concept that has many potentials and value for the research and industrial communities. It is distinguished by many features that shape the future of the Internet. However, it has some issues in intelligence, security and governance. To resolve the intelligence issue, we propose an integrated concept that constitutes the IoT and intelligent software agent technology. In this paper, we review and analyze the architectures of the IoT and identify its deficiencies, primarily the lack of reasoning and intelligence capability. We also review the software agent general architecture, the BDI architecture and multi-agent system architecture. We then propose a solution to augment the IoT with intelligent software agents resulting in a new concept called the Agents of Things (AoT). To emphasize the benefits of the AoT, we present the AoT general framework and two application scenarios of the proposed concept.
An Agent-Based Approach for the Internet of Things
University of Mohamed Khider – Biskra, 2021
In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has become well known. It has attracted much attention thanks to its powerful application in different fields. Currently, billions of IoT devices are connected. The massive rise in the number of connected devices instantly produces further data that requires high storage and processing technology. Besides, the IoT equipment has limited processing, and storage capability did not allow data processing or even storage. Also, things cannot make smart and quick decisions to achieve their goals, and the thing ability to communicate with other things depends on service similarity and communication protocols; this will impact the performance, efficiency, development, and scalability of IoT applications. This thesis provides three main contributions, in the first contribution, we propose a Cloud-IoT approach to provide an efficient solution for the storage and analysis of data generated by IoT applications and improve IoT scalability. In order to demonstrate the viability of the proposed approach, a Cloud-IoT system for remote patient monitoring is developed. IoT security becomes a more challenging problem due to the computing and communication limits of IoT devices make IoT more vulnerable to security and privacy attacks. Hence, as a second contribution, we propose a robust solution based on lightweight cryptography to ensure data security. Also, we have used the access control mechanism to ensure data privacy. The experimentation demonstrates that the proposed solution more suitable for IoT devices. To tap the most out of massive data streams, IoT needs real-time management and analysis of data. In order to enhance the intelligence of IoT devices and to improve our first approach, we have developed an efficient, autonomous, and real-time solution based on the agent for data management and analysis as a third contribution. The proposed system can make fast and apt decisions in an emergency case.
Multi-Layer Agent Based Architecture for Internet of Things Systems
Journal of Information Technology Research, 2018
Nowadays, the Internet of things (IoT) is becoming a promising technology which revolutionizes and simplifies our daily life style. It allows interaction and cooperation between a large variety of pervasive objects over wireless and wired connections, in order to achieve specific goals. Moreover, it provides a concise integration of physical world into computer systems through network infrastructure. This paper provides an agent-based architecture for developing IoT systems. The proposed architecture is multi-layer and generic. It encompasses four layers: Physical Component Management, Local Management -Coordination, Global Management-Coordination and Specialized Operative Management Layers. The first one can be seen as a smart layer that ensures connection and communication between things and the system. The second one constitutes the intelligent core of the system which acts locally to ensure coordination and further internal functioning. The third layer ensures coordination betwe...
Recently, the scientific community has demonstrated a special interest in the process related to the integration of the agent-oriented technology with Internet of Things (IoT) platforms. Then, it arises a novel approach named Internet of Agents (IoA) as an alternative to add an intelligence and autonomy component for IoT devices and networks. This paper presents an analysis of the main benefits derived from the use of the IoA approach, based on a practical point of view regarding the necessities that humans demand in their daily life and work, which can be solved by IoT networks modeled as IoA infrastructures. It has been presented 24 study cases of the IoA approach at different domains ––smart industry, smart city and smart health wellbeing–– in order to define the scope of these proposals in terms of intelligence and autonomy in contrast to their corresponding generic IoT applications.
Intelligent Systems for the Internet of Things: Essence, Perspectives and Problems
International journal of natural sciences research, 2021
This article outlines the Internet of Things (IoT). The Internet of Things describes a network of physical objects, i.e., the "thing" including sensors, software, and other technologies for connection and data sharing with other devices and systems over the Internet. In other words, IoT is a relatively new technology enabling many "smart" devices to get connected, to analyze, process, and transfer data to each other and connect to a network. The article clarifies the essence of intelligent systems for the Internet of Things, and analyzes the most popular software for the IoT platform. It studies high-level systems for IoT and analyzes available literature in this field. It highlights most advanced IoT software of 2021. The article also identifies the prospects and challenges of intelligent systems for the Internet of Things. The creation of new intelligent systems for IoT and the development of technology will greatly contribute to the development of economy. Contribution/Originality: This analyzes the most popular software for the IoT platform. 1. INTRODUCTION The fourth industrial revolution is often described through basic technologies. These may include a set of future technologies [1, 2]. One of them is the Internet of Things (IoT) [1-3]. The Internet of Things (IoT) describes a network of physical objects, i.e., the "thing" including sensors, software, and other technologies for data connection and sharing with other devices and systems over the Internet. In other words, IoT is a relatively new technology enabling many "smart" devices to get connected, to analyze, process, and transfer data to each other and connect to a network. The term IoT was first used in 1999 by Kevin Ashton, a British engineer, founder of the Auto-ID research group [2, 4]. IoT connects more and more devices and supports a variety of evolving applications. It is essentially a network where people and devices can communicate with each other, respond to surrounding changes, and make decisions without human intervention. People can configure them or provide access to data, and many people associate IoT with a "smart" house. Technologies and devices developed by Google, Yandex, Amazon, Apple and other companies enable users to shop online, adjust room temperature, turn on lights and music, and give voice commands to virtual assistants. Companies can automate processes and reduce labor costs through IoT. This reduces the amount of unnecessary product waste, improves the quality of services provided, and reduces production and logistics costs.
Embedded Agents for the Development of Smart Devices on the Internet of Things
2022
The Internet of things (IoT) is currently contributing to a growing range of applications for intelligent environments by means of the interconnection of heterogeneous IoT smart devices over the Internet. Generally, smart devices are implemented through services (e.g., REST webservices) which can be consumed by other services or any other external application. In any case, services are essentially passive requiring necessarily another consuming software entity to be use. In this paper, the development of a new class of smart IoT device, called smart agent-based IoT device is proposed based on the implementation of software embedded agents. These agents can be executed proactively exploring the services, resources, devices, and even other agents located in the IoT environment to enhance the functionality of the smart agent-based device. In this way, we can improve overall system performance at runtime in a unaware IoT environment where IoT devices and available resources are not known a priori. In this paper, a description of the embedded agent model and the smart agent-based IoT device are outlined as well as how it is applied in the context of a smart home environment.
Artificial Intelligence and its Applications in the Field of Internet of Things (Iot
International Journal of Research in Science & Engineering, 2024
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), are innovative technologies that have revolutionized many fields independently. Altogether, this convergence offers a daunting possibility for innovation of a number of aspects of smartness in a range of domains on the one hand and the optimization of those aspects for sustainability on the other hand. Machine learning and deep learning help IoT devices and networks perform analytics on big data and achieve real-time decision making and automation. In smart cities AI based IoT helps in the self-organizing and self-optimizing of traffic management, and utilization of energy, and increases public safety by applying predictive analytics to the actual management of a city. The telemedicine receiving aid from AI IoT includes the detecting of sickness onset with a device that monitors patients and creates corresponding customized treatment regimens. The same way applied to IIoT where AI is implemented for predictive maintenance, quality assurance, inventory control and in turn, the achievement of alleviated downtime and improved production. Ethical issues related to bias in algorithms, and subsequent decision making via the use of Artificial Intelligence add another layer of concern in terms of deployment and utilization. Prospects for the future include such trends as edge computing, the AIoT is AI + IoT amalgamation, and the disruptive effect of quantum computing on AI applications for the IoT. The mitigation of these difficulties and the exploitation of these opportunities will open the path to proper optimizations of AI-based IoT systems as concerns effectiveness, security and/or ethics. This article stresses how AI is mandatory to the implementation of an ideal IoT system by exploring current uses, future developments, and problems that are vital for the advancement of IoT.
Application of artificial intelligence on internet of things(IOT)
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2019
The internet of things (IOT) concept has evolved into one of pillars of the new technologies sector. Artificial intelligence is added to IOT systems because it is a best solution to manage huge data flows and storage on IOT. In IOT the data flows internets will have sensor data and user data that send and receive from workstations. Due to increase in workstations and sensors, some data may be facing problems on storage, delay, channel limitation and congestion of networks. It is overcomed by artificial intelligence which is defined for the purpose of data mining, manage and control of congestion in networks. The aim of this paper is to present the application of artificial intelligence on IOT. The importance of data mining and management will be highlighted in this paper through the application of artificial intelligence in self driving cars. Keywords—Internet of things, artificial intelligence, mechatronics, neural networks, fuzzy logic, self driving cars, radar and lidar sensors.
Software agents meet internet of things
Internet Technology Letters, 2018
The last few years have seen a rapid democratization of things to the extent that they have become omnipresent in our surroundings and daily lives. Many buzzwords like smart cities, smart homes, and smart wrists exemplify thing democratization. Unfortunately, Internet of Things (IoT) adoption is slowing down due to first, the nature of things being usually "passive" and second, the multiplicity of things' development tools and communication standards. Both are impacting the quality of IoT applications and undermining the capabilities that these applications could offer to users. In this position paper, we discuss the "agentification" of things, using norms and commitments, as a means to address their passive nature. At the conceptual level, norms ensure that things operate in accordance to users' best interests. Also, at the operational level, commitments ensure that things will not deviate from the prescribed norms and hence, avoid violations that could lead to penalties. An architecture supporting thing agentification along with some ongoing efforts are discussed in this paper.
A lightweight agent-based architecture for the Internet of Things
We present a lightweight software agent-based architecture for the Internet of Things. The architecture is based on the REST principles and the Internet Drafts by the IETF CoRE Working Group. The software agents describe the state of a computational task, which is then disseminated in message-passing manner in between the participating devices in the system. The computational tasks can be injected into the system dynamically in runtime by the system devices or by external devices, such as smartphones, through proxies. This computation and its state can then be registered as a service in the system and queried by clients as the service content.