Heat Transfer Measurements on the Endwall of a Variable Speed Power Turbine Blade Cascade (original) (raw)

Heat transfer measurements were obtained on the endwall of a 2-D section of a variable speed power turbine (VSPT) rotor blade linear cascade. Infrared thermography was used to help determine the transition of flow from laminar to turbulent as well as determine regions of flow separation. Steady state data was obtained for six incidence angles ranging from +15.8° to -51°, and at five flow conditions for each angle. Nusselt number was used as a method to visualize flow transition and separation on the endwall surface and showed the effects of secondary flows on the surface. Nusselt correlation with Reynolds number from multiple flow conditions was used to plot local values of the correlation exponent and indicated the state of the local boundary layer as the flow transitioned from laminar to turbulent as well as secondary flow features.

Experimental Acquisition Of An Endwall Heat Distribution In A Linear Turbine Cascade

2020

The focus of this research is the experimental acquisition of endwall heat transfer distributions for an aft loaded vane with a large leading edge. This study will investigate endwall heat transfer distributions over five inlet turbulence levels ranging from intensities of 0.7% through very high turbulence levels as high as 17.4%. The investigation will be conducted at three varying Reynolds numbers based on true chord length and exit conditions ranging from 500,000 to 2000,000. The infrared thermography technique will be applied to the acquisition of the endwall heat transfer data due to the full surface image which can be developed from the acquired thermographs. An in situ calibration technique will be used to enhance the measurement accuracy. The experiment was conducted in a linear cascade test section, consisting of four turbine vanes with upper and lower bleed flows. Linear Cascade can reflect most of the flow characteristics in real gas turbine nozzles. This experiment exhib...

An Experimental Study of Airfoil and Endwall Heat Transfer on a Linear Turbine Blade Cascade — Secondary Flow and Surface Roughness Effects

Heat Transfer Research, 2010

The present study is part of a comprehensive heat transfer analysis on a highly loaded turbine blade and endwall with varying surface roughness. In this paper a smooth airfoil with an endwall of varying surface roughness is considered in order to investigate secondary flow and surface roughness effects on airfoil and endwall heat transfer. The measurements have been conducted in a linear cascade at several freestream turbulence levels (Tu 1 = 1.4% to 10.1%) and varying inlet Reynolds numbers. Aerodynamic measurements on the airfoil at midspan have been carried out. Heat transfer on both the full-span suction and pressure surfaces of the airfoil and endwall is shown for smooth surfaces. Furthermore, rough endwall surfaces are compared to the smooth reference case showing a maximum increase of local heat transfer up to 240% due to surface roughness.

Three Dimensional Heat Transfer Characteristics Through a Linear Gas Turbine Cascade

JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences

This study presents experimental and numerical investigation for three-dimensional heat transfer characteristics in a turbine blade. An experimental setup was installed with a turbine cascade of five blade channels. Blade heat transfer measurements were performed for the middle channel under uniform heat flux boundary conditions. Heat was supplied to the blades using twenty-nine electric heating strips cemented vertically on the outer surface of the blades. Distributions of heat transfer coefficient were obtained at three levels through blade height by measuring surface temperature distribution using thermocouples. To understand heat transfer characteristics, surface static pressure distributions on blade surface were also measured. Numerical investigation was performed as well to extend the investigation to locations other than those measured experimentally. Threedimensional non-isothermal, turbulent flow was obtained by solving Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes Equations and energy equation. The Shear stress Transport k- model was employed to represent turbulent flow. It was found through this study that secondary flow generated by flow deflection increases heat transfer coefficient on the blade suction surface. Separation lines with high heat transfer coefficients were predicted numerically with good agreement to the experimental measurements.

Turbine Blade Cascade Heat Transfer Analysis Using CFD –A Review

International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering

Heat transfer analysis on a turbine blade cascade using CFD is reviewed in this paper based upon the literature available. The flow conditions across turbine blades are complex because of three dimensional configuration of the blade. Axial flow turbine blade design is hectic because understanding of control flows, prediction and analysis is a tedious task. The flow behaviour in a turbine blade cascade can be understood to some extent by analyzing pressure, velocity, temperature and streamline plots. The fluid flow simulation coupled with heat transfer analysis is a common practice in CFD, to study how behaviour influences heat transfer. By optimizing design variables more efficient systems can be designed. A 3-D Navier-Stokes flow solver was applied to characterize flow which supports the flow phenomenon.

Simulation of transitional flows through a turbine blade cascade with heat transfer for various flow conditions

EPJ Web of Conferences, 2017

The contribution deals with the simulation of the transitional flows with heat transfer by means the EARSM turbulence model of Hellsten [1] completed by the algebraic transition model of Straka and PĜíhoda [2] and by the three-equation model of Walters and Cokjlat [3]. The both mathematical models were tested for the flat plate flow on a heated wall measured by Sohn and Reshotko [16] and then applied to the simulation of compressible flow through the VKI turbine blade cascade according to measurements of Arts et al. [4]. The simulations were carried out for subsonic and transonic regimes at various free-stream turbulence levels. The best agreement of numerical results with experimental data was achieved by the URANS approach applied for the EARSM model with the algebraic transition model giving good results for both subsonic and transonic regimes as well.

Influence of Coolant Flow Rate on Aero-Thermal Performance of a Rotor Blade Cascade With Endwall Film Cooling

Journal of Turbomachinery, 2012

This paper investigates the influence of coolant injection on the aerodynamic and thermal performance of a rotor blade cascade with endwall film cooling. A seven blade cascade of a high-pressure-rotor stage of a real gas turbine has been tested in a low speed wind tunnel for linear cascades. Coolant is injected through 10 cylindrical holes distributed along the blade pressure side. Tests have been preliminarily carried out at low Mach number (Ma2is = 0.3). Coolant-to-mainstream mass flow ratio has been varied in a range of values corresponding to inlet blowing ratios M1 = 0–4.0. Secondary flows have been surveyed by traversing a five-hole miniaturized aerodynamic probe in two downstream planes. Local and overall mixed-out secondary loss coefficient and vorticity distributions have been calculated from measured data. The thermal behavior has been also analyzed by using thermochromic liquid crystals technique to obtain film cooling effectiveness distributions. All this information, in...

Effect of Secondary Flows on Heat Transfer of a Gas Turbine Blade

International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2013

This study presents experimental and numerical investigation for three-dimensional heat transfer characteristics in a turbine blade. An experimental setup was installed with a turbine cascade of five-blade channels. Blade heat transfer measurements were performed for the middle channel under uniform heat flux boundary conditions. Heat was supplied to the blades using twentynine electric heating strips cemented vertically on the outer surface of the blades. Distributions of heat transfer coefficient were obtained at three levels through blade height by measuring surface temperature distribution using thermocouples. To understand heat transfer characteristics, surface static pressure distributions on blade surface were also measured. Numerical investigation was performed as well to extend the investigation to locations other than those measured experimentally. Three-dimensional nonisothermal, turbulent flow was obtained by solving Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations and energy equation. The shear stress transport -model was employed to represent turbulent flow. It was found through this study that secondary flow generated by flow deflection increases heat transfer coefficient on the blade suction surface. Separation lines with high heat transfer coefficients were predicted numerically with good agreement with the experimental measurements.

CFD-Analysis of 3D Flow Structure and Endwall Heat Transfer in a Transonic Turbine Blade Cascade: Effects of Grid Refinement

Results of numerical simulation of three-dimensional turbulent flow and endwall heat transfer in a transonic turbine cascade are presented. Employing several turbulence models (k-ω model by Wilcox, Menter SST model, v 2 -f model by Durbin), an analysis of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) predictability was done in comparison with measurements in a linear cascade at the NASA Glenn Research Center transonic turbine blade cascade facility. It has been concluded in particular that rather fine computational grids are needed to get grid-independent data on the endwall local heat transfer controlled by complex 3D structure of secondary flows. With CFD codes of second-order accuracy, one should use grids comprised of about or more than 2 millions cells (for each full blade passage) to get a definite conclusion on preference of one or another turbulence model for predictions of phenomena under consideration.

Numerical simulation of turbine cascade flow with blade-fluid heat exchange

Applied Mathematics and Computation, 2013

The work deals with the numerical simulation of turbulent flow through turbine cascades including heat exchange between fluid and blades. The numerical algorithm couples an implicit AUSM finite volume solver for fluid flow and a finite element solver for heat conduction inside the blade. Several k-x turbulence models are applied. The eddy diffusivity assumption is used for turbulent heat flux computation. The influence of inlet boundary conditions for turbulence models is discussed. A case of failure of eddy diffusivity turbulent heat flux with common value of turbulent Prandtl number Pr t = 0.91 is presented, where remedy is achieved by lowering the magnitude of Pr t .

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