Testicular Cells Apoptosis in Opium-Addicted Rats: (Short Report) (original) (raw)
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Effects of opium dependency on testicular tissue in a rat model: an experimental study
Urology journal, 2019
PURPOSE This study is aimed to evaluate the effects of opium dependency on testicular tissue in a rat model. METHODS Thirty-two Wistar male rats (aged 30 days and weighing 200-250 grams) were randomized into two groups. Group A, consisting of 16 rats, received dissolved oral opium tablets in drinking water for 45 days, whereas group B (control group) consisted of 16 rats that received opium-free water. After 45 days vertical and horizontal diameters of testis, number of seminiferous tubules, mean seminiferous tubule diameter, number of germ cells, height of germinal epithelium, percentage of degenerating Leydig and germ cells and glutathione density of testicular tissue (µmol/g of tissue) were compared between study groups. RESULTS Morphological evaluation of testicular tissue revealed a significantly higher percentage of degenerating Leydig and germ cells in the treated group compared to control group. (10.08 ± 0.351 vs. 1.83 ± 0.88, 4.50 ± 0.769 vs. 0.607 ± 0.118, respectively) (P...
Opium Induces Apoptosis in Jurkat Cells
2013
The direct effect of some opioids on immune cells has been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to assess the apoptotic effect of opium on Jurkat T lymphocyte cells.
Induction of apoptosis by opium in some tumor cell lines
Cellular and molecular biology, 2016
The current study is aimed at investigation of the opium effects on the apoptosis of different cell lines in culture medium and compares such effects with one another. The study is carried out on over 8 cell lines (AA8, AGS, Hela, HepG2, MCF7, N2a, PC12, WEHI). A 2.86 x 10-4 g/ml opium concentration was prepared and added to the culture medium of the cell lines for 48 hours. Cytotoxicity was tested by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The apoptotic effect of opium on the cell lines was analyzed by Annexin-PI test. Opium with concentration of 2.86 x 10-4 g/ml in 48 hours significantly induces apoptosis in certain cell lines (i.e. AA8, N2a, WEHI), apoptosis and necrosis in some others (i.e. Hela, HepG2, MCF7, and PC12), and also solely necrosis in the AGS cell line. One could infer that the usage of opium with different levels in different tissues leads to certain disorders in some tissues and may have therapeutic effects under distinctive condi...
The Impact of OPIUM and Its Derivatives on Cell Apoptosis and Angiogenesis
2020
Opium is an opiate substance with a significant effect on human physiology and behavior. Ancient priests used opium as a powerful healing drug and many medical texts have referred to opium as medication, especially during the nineteenth century. In old days, the medical use of opium was popular and was called "God's medicine". On the other hand, understanding the molecular pathway of opium function within cells is very essential from pathophysiological views and clinical applications. The current literature shows that opium can initialize cell death through activation of apoptotic events, which in turn induces cascade pathways of angiogenesis. In this review article, we attempt to investigate the effects of opium on cell apoptosis and angiogenesis.
Induction of testicular damage by daily methamphetamine administration in rats
The Chinese journal of physiology
Methamphetamine (METH)-induced brain damage and apoptosis within the central nervous system are well documented. This study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of daily METH administration on the testes in a rat model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (5 weeks old, ~100 g, n = 64) were divided into two groups and treated with vehicle (saline, control) or METH (10 mg/kg) for 15, 30, 60 and 90 days. The results showed that daily administration of METH decreased the body, testicular and epididymis weights as well as the serum levels of total testosterone. The increased apoptotic index (Bad/Bcl2 expression ratio) and levels of cleaved caspase-3 indicated that apoptosis had occurred in the testes of the METH-treated rats. The oxidative stress levels increased as the reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio decreased. The overall sperm counts decreased at 15 and 90 days, where- as morphologically abnormal sperm counts increased at 30, 60 and 90 days in the METH-treated rats. T...
Bratislava Medical Journal, 2019
OBJECTIVES: The opioid system may exert positive direct and/or indirect effects on spermatogenesis at multiple levels including the levels of the central nervous system and at the testes/sperm levels. However, long term opioid use could be associated with several reproductive complications that place the users at risk of hypogonadism and even infertility. There is little available information regarding the contribution of opioids and their apoptotic effects on testis Sertoli cells. Here, the effects of DAMGO (mu opioid receptor's agonist), DP-DPE (delta opioid receptor's agonist) and DYN 1-9 (kappa opioid receptor's agonist) on Sertoli cell viability and apoptosis were investigated. METHODS: Cultured Sertoli cells were exposed to each agonist (0.1-100 μM, for 24 or 48 hours) and their apoptotic effects were investigated. RESULTS: Cell viability was decreased and apoptosis was increased in the cells exposed to DAMGO in a concentration-dependent manner, while in the cells exposed to DPDPE, no signifi cant changes were observed. In cells exposed to DYN 1-9, the viability did not signifi cantly change, however apoptosis increased signifi cantly, following the exposure to the high concentration of DYN 1-9. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that mu and Kappa, but not delta receptors mediated apoptosis in Sertoli cells may be involved, at least in part, in testicular homeostasis and/or reproductive dysfunction (Tab.
Addiction with opium and its derivatives represent one of the major problems worldwide. The main objective of this study is to estimate the immunomodulatory chemokine , liver oxidative enzyme markers and apoptosis in opium addicted rats via intraperitoneal injection. Thirty male rats were randomly distributed into three groups. Group 1 regarded as control, while in group2 and 3, the animals were daily injected intraperitoneally with (25 and 50 mg opium/kg b.w.) for seven successive days. The level of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) chemokine was estimated within sera samples using ELISA special kit. Enzymatic levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Xanthine Oxidase (XO), Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum were assayed, and concentration of Malondialdehyde (MDA) estimated, besides determining the percent count of apoptotic hepatocytes. Significant induction was observed in MCP-1 level. The activity of ALP and XO were significantly and dose dependently changed, whereas the MDA significantly elevated in both doses, but there were no difference between the two doses. A significant reduction was occurred in G6PD in both low and high doses. The frequency of apoptotic hepatocytes significantly increase in concentration dependent manner. This study suggests that intraperitoneal injection of opium causes immunomodulation through induction of MCP-1 and also causes alteration in liver oxidant and antioxidant balance. Hepatocyte apoptosis occurred in concentration dependent manner.
Journal of Interdisciplinary Histopathology, 2017
Objective: Frequently, reproductive toxic substances such as androgenic anabolic steroids, alcohol and nicotine are used in association by adolescents and adults, in an indiscriminate manner. This study investigated the testicular and epididymal tissue of adult rats submitted to a recovery period after treatment with anabolic steroid, alcohol and /or nicotine. Materials and Methods: The animals (n=42) were divided into three control groups simulating the drugs administration routes (CI: distilled water, oral; CII: saline solution, subcutaneous; CIII: water and saline solution) and groups treated with a testosterone esters mixture (T: 7.5 mg/kg body weight-b.w., subcutaneous), alcohol (AL: 3.5 g/kg b.w. of ethanol 25%, oral), nicotine (N: 2.0 mg/kg b.w., subcutaneous), and co-administration of these three substances (T/AL/N). After 15 consecutive days of treatment (once a day), the animals were kept for 30 days in recovery. At the end of this period, the testes and epididymides were collected, weighed and processed for histological and morphometric analysis by light microscope. Results: All groups treated with toxic substances presented histopathological changes in testes and epididymis after the recovery period. There was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in testicular weight and in the morphometric parameters of the testis and epididymis in T and T/AL/N groups. Conclusion: The testis and epididymis of rats treated with anabolic steroid, alcohol and/or nicotine exhibited histopathological changes after a recovery period and the damages were more evident in the groups receiving the anabolic steroid alone or co-administered with other drugs.