Modelling of Habitat Suitability Index for Muntjac ( Muntiacus muntjak ) Using Remote Sensing , GIS and Multiple Logistic Regression (original) (raw)
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American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2014
Musk deer are highly important as a medicinal species that are severely exploited throughout their range of occurrence due to the medicinal value of the musk produced only by the male individuals. Methods used for studying the populations and distributions of other ungulates do not work well with musk deer and the presence of a unified methodology for studying musk deer appear to be lacking worldwide. Therefore, the development of a simple predictive model for studying the distribution of the musk deer habitats stands as an important task to be accomplished. Two kinds of research questions were pursued during the present study-examining through field research what kind of habitat musk deer used and mapping the habitat in the park using a GIS and remote sensing environment. The parameters which were found to have a profound influence in predicting the species's spatial distribution have been used in the modeling of the current habitat suitability for the Kashmir musk deer (Moschus cupreus). The study was conducted at the upper reaches (elevations 2200 m and above) of the Dachigam National Park, Kashmir (34°05΄18.40΄΄N-34°06΄04.69΄΄N and 75°03΄32.05΄΄E-75°04΄27.26΄΄E) during January 2005-January 2008 to evaluate the characteristics of the musk deer habitats. The environmental attributes which were found to have a profound influence in predicting the species's spatial distribution included the slope exposures in the range of 293°Northwest -68° Northeast, slope gradients of 25-40° and elevations of 2100 m and above, with the preference ratings of aspect > slope > elevation and, therefore, were considered for the development of the habitat suitability model for prediction of the spatial distribution of the Kashmir musk deer. The current suitable musk deer habitat in Dachigam National Park is estimated in the extent of about 40 sq. km. (~28% area of the national park). The model results were found to have a good performance in making fair predictions (about 50% area of the National Park has been validated for predictions). The spatial distribution of musk deer reflected the musk deer habitats mostly spread through the Picea smithiana and blue pine forest and some habitats close to the alpine scrub nearby to the rocky cliffs. The potential of the model has been utilized in finding the density of musk deer. Possible 60 musk deer survive in Dachigam National Park with a density of 0.42 individuals per sq. km. However, the weighted mean density in the musk deer habitats was about 1.55 individuals per sq. km.
Ecological Modelling, 2011
High quality habitat suitability maps are indispensable for the management and planning of wildlife reserves. This is particularly important for megadiverse developing countries where shortages in skilled manpower and funding may preclude the use of mathematically complex modeling techniques and resource-intensive field surveys. In this study, we propose a simulation based k-fold partitioning and re-substitution approach to refine and update logistic regression models that are widely used for habitat suitability assessment and modeling. We test the modeling strategy using data from a rapid field survey conducted for habitat suitability assessment for muntjak (Muntiacus muntjak) and goral (Naemorrhaedus goral) in the central Himalayas, India. Results obtained from simulations match expectations in terms of model behavior and in terms of published habitat associations of the investigated species. Qualitative comparisons with predictions from the GARP, MaxEnt and Bioclimatic Envelopes modeling systems also show broad agreement with predictions obtained from the proposed technique. The proposed technique is suggested as a rapid-assessment precursor to detailed habitat studies such as patch occupancy modeling in situations where funds or trained manpower are not available.► Simulation-based approach to refining logistic regression for habitat suitability modeling. ► Randomized pseudo-absences updated using a perturbation and re-substitution approach. ► Results compare well with other modeling techniques, are consistent but conservative. ► Spatial predictions of habitat associations match published patterns. ► Proposed as a rapid-assessment precursor to detailed surveys.
High quality habitat suitability maps are indispensable for the management and planning of wildlife reserves. This is particularly important for megadiverse developing countries where shortages in skilled manpower and funding may preclude the use of mathematically complex modeling techniques and resource-intensive field surveys. In this study, we propose a simulation based k-fold partitioning and re-substitution approach to refine and update logistic regression models that are widely used for habitat suitability assessment and modeling. We test the modeling strategy using data from a rapid field survey conducted for habitat suitability assessment for muntjak (Muntiacus muntjak) and goral (Naemorrhaedus goral) in the central Himalayas, India. Results obtained from simulations match expectations in terms of model behavior and in terms of published habitat associations of the investigated species. Qualitative comparisons with predictions from the GARP, MaxEnt and Bioclimatic Envelopes modeling systems also show broad agreement with predictions obtained from the proposed technique. The proposed technique is suggested as a rapid-assessment precursor to detailed habitat studies such as patch occupancy modeling in situations where funds or trained manpower are not available.
Understanding the occupancy and density estimate of barking deer (Muntiacus vaginalis) at a landscape scale is crucial due to their significant ecological impact on ecosystems, particularly as prey for large predators. This study employed a single-season site occupancy model to assess the occupancy and density of barking deer using camera traps in the east Sikkim and Darjeeling hills of the Central Himalayan landscape from 2018 to 2020. The survey covered both protected and non-protected areas, representing the diverse land use and topographic variations in the region. A total of 513 independent captures of barking deer were obtained from 3150 trap nights. The study estimated the naive occupancy of barking deer in the central Himalayan landscape to be 0.64. The top model revealed positive influences of broadleaved forest (β = 0.93 ± 0.26), mixed forest (β = 0.6 ± 0.47), and slope (β = 0.2 ± 0.24) on the occupancy probability, while elevation (β = -0.08 ± 0.24) and ruggedness (β = -0...
American Journal of Remote Sensing
Dudhwa National Park (DNP), important conservation areas of India supporting the full range of threatened faunal and floral species. The Barasingha, swamp deer (Rucervus duvaucelii) considered as vulnerable, one of the flagship species. The satellite imagery of 1995, 2016 and 2017were used for Habitat Suitability Analysis (HSA) using multi-criteria analysis. The other primary and secondary data were also incorporated to generate habitat suitability model. Raster imageries of Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 were used to create various themes (variables) such as forest density, land use land cover, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) along with topographic details. The result indicates that out of total geographical area approximately 2.000000-2.100000(20-21%) is highly suitable, 1.900000(19%) is appropriate, 1.800000(18%) moderately suitable, 1.700000(17%) less suitable and 1.500000-1.600000(15-16%) area is least suitable. However, the study strongly advocates that the DNP is suitable landscape and grassland were noticed as one of the best habitat class for the conservation of swamp deer.
Journal of Threatened Taxa
Himalayan or White-bellied Musk Deer Moschus leucogaster, an IUCN indexed endangered species, is distributed in isolated pockets in the Himalaya. The deer population is decreasing owing to several pressures that include habitat loss and fragmentation, and poaching. It is essential to identify preferred habitat characteristics to support appropriate management strategies for conserving this endangered species. This study was carried out in the Nysheang basin of Annapurna Conservation Area of Nepal to identify habitats preferred by the musk deer. Habitat field parameters were collected using transect surveys. To analyze vegetation use and availability, nested quadrate plots size 20 m2 were established. Ivlev’s electivity index (IV) (-1 to +1) was employed to determine habitat preference, and one-way ANOVA (F) and chi-square tests (χ2) were used to examine different habitat parameters. Similarly, the importance value index (IVI) of the vegetation was calculated. Our results showed that...
Galemys, 2012
El seguimiento de las tendencias poblacionales es esencial para la gestión de la fauna silvestre. El principal objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar un modelo que predijese áreas de expansión del ciervo (Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758) en la Zona de Caza Nacional de la Lombada (ZCNL)-Bragança, una de las mayores poblaciones silvestres del país. Se aplicó un modelo multicriterio jerárquico (AHP) y técnicas de SIG de algebra matricial para su validación, que se realizó en tres fases: i) definición de los objetivos y análisis de factores ambientales, ii) desarrollo de una matriz de comparación de pares de factores y iii) asignación de pesos de acuerdo con los requerimientos de la especie en el área de estudio. Las variables para evaluar la adecuación del hábitat para el ciervo fueron: la red hidrográfica, las carreteras asfaltadas, la topografía (orientaciones del terreno) y el uso/cobertura del suelo. La validación se realizó mediante la localización exacta con GPS de 129 observaciones directas de ciervos (transectos lineales: octubre de 2010-marzo de 2011). La aplicación del método AUC (Area Under the Curve) resultó en una tasa de éxito de 72% lo que sugiere que la metodología se podría aplicar a una mayor escala geográfica. Este es el primer estudio realizado en Portugal con esta metodología para analizar la adecuación del hábitat para el ciervo.
SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELING OF MUSK DEER USING REMOTE SENSING AND G.I.S, UTTARAKHAND
Research Publish Journals, 2022
Musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster) is considered Endangered by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and is under Schedule-I of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, because of its illicit hunting for musk as well as habitat loss. The present study aims to analyze the present distribution pattern of Musk Deer in the Himalayan region of Uttarakhand. Precipitation of the driest month (Bio14), mean temperature of warmest quarter (Bio10), annual mean temperature (Bio1) and land use land cover were the major contributing variables to the model with area under Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve being 0.924. Using the Global Climate Models (GCM) MaxEnt and MIROC6, we projected the distribution of the endangered Musk Deer in the Himalayan region of Uttarakhand for the
The tropical dry deciduous forests of Mirzapur district in Uttar Pradesh (state) in India are facing severe threat from agricultural expansion, increased urbanization, infrastructure development and unsustainable use of forest produce. As a result the forests are now fragmented and wildlife habitat is vanishing. Dwindling numbers of wild animal species has become a cause of concern. The present study has analyzed satellite remote sensing data of Landsat OLI (2013) in conjunction with GIS and support of GPS to identify suitable habitat for wild animals. Various thematic maps like land use/land cover, forest cover type, lakes, roads and slope data were prepared in support of the objective of the paper. The weighted overlay method was used for integration of the thematic layers for identification of potential habitat and corridors for wild life movement. Most suitable (2.54%), moderately suitable (12.0%) and least suitable (16.20%) areas were delineated and represented in a map. Highly suitable habitat was found at Dadri and Kotwa forest. Moderately suitable habitat was found in Darhi Ram forests. Least suitable areas were found in the outer fringes of Kotwa, Dadri, Darhi Ram and Sarson forests. Such data is the pre requisite for wildlife conservation effort. Özet Hindistan Uttar Pradesh eyaletinde bulunan Mirzapur bölgesindeki kurakçıl ormanlar tarım alanlarının genişletilmesi, şehir alanlarının büyümesi, inşaat alanlarının artması ve orman kaynaklarının aşırı kullanımı ile çok yüksek bir baskı altında kalmaktadır. Bunun sonucu olarak, orman alanlarında bölünmeler olmakta ve yaban hayatı yok olma tehlikesi ile karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Yaban hayatı sayısının azalması önemli bir tehdit hâline gelmiştir. Bu çalışma ile, Lansat OLI (2013) uydusuna ait uzaktan algılama verileri GIS ortamında GPS yardımıyla kullanılarak yaban hayatına uygun alanların tespit edilmesi için analizler yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın verilerini sunarken açıklayıcı olması maksadıyla, arazi kullanımı/arazi örtüsü, orman örtüsü tipi, göller, yol, eğim verisi gibi konu özlü tabaka haritalar kullanılmıştır. Yaban hayatına uygun yaşam alanlarının ve geçit koridorlarının belirlenmesi için, konu özlü harita tabakalarının ağırlıklandırmalı bindirme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. En uygun (%2.54), orta uygun (%12.0) ve en az uygun (%16.2) alanlar haritalar üzerinde gösterilmiştir. En uygun alanlar Dadri ve Kotwa ormanlarında, orta uygunluktaki alanlar Darhi Ram ormanlarında ve en az uygun alanlar Kotwa, Dadri, Darhi Ram ve Sarson ormanlarının dış çevrelerinde tespit edilmiştir. Bu verilerin, yaban hayatı alanlarının korunması için çok yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Ecological Indicators
Landscape and regional planning Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) Habitat suitability mapping Wildlife conservation a b s t r a c t Many habitat patches in tropical landscapes have become less suitable for wildlife due to an increase in anthropogenic disturbances. An index of habitat suitability based on the ecological factors that collectively determine the suitability of an organism's habitat is important for conservation planning. However, a widely accepted and comprehensive multi-criteria habitat suitability index for umbrella species is still lacking, particularly in areas where information related to the biology and ecology of the species of interest is not available. Therefore we develop preliminary habitat maps and measure the degree of habitat suitability for large mammals, focusing on four umbrella species in the State of Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia: Panthera tigris jacksoni (Malayan tiger), Tapirus indicus (Malayan tapir), Helarctos malayanus malayanus (Malayan sun bear), and Rusa unicolor cambojensis (sambar deer). The former two are endangered and the latter two are vulnerable according to the IUCN Red List. The suitability of habitat patches for each species was measured across the entire study area as well as in nine wildlife protected areas by integrating GIS data and expert opinion. Expert opinions were used as the source of information regarding the stresses faced by the species because there was insufficient information available from ground surveys.